Indima ebaluleke kakhulu ye-electrodes e-Electric Arc Funecmaking

Ubuchwepheshe be-Electric Arc Recire (EAF) bumi njengetshe legumbi lanamuhlaukwenza ngensimbi, enikeza ukuguquguquka nokusebenza kahle, ikakhulukazi ekusebenzeni kabushaisiketa. Enhlizweni yale nqubo enamandla yileziama-electrodes we-graphite. Lezi akuzona izinduku ezilula; zinokudla okunenjiniyela kakhulu okubalulekile ukuletha okukhuluamandla kagesikudingekancibilikisana-shayela insimbi. Ukuqonda umsebenzi, izinhlobo, izici zekhwalithi, nokusingathwa okufanele kwalokhuI-electrodeskubalulekile kunoma yikuphiUgesi we-arc kagesiI-opharetha, umphathi wetholile, noma uchwepheshe wokuthengwa kwempahla njengoMark Thompson okuhlose ukusebenza kahle kanye nokusebenza kwezindleko. Le ndatshana idonsela ukujula emhlabeniAma-electrodes e-arc, echaza ukuthi kunganii-graphiteizinto ezikhethiwe, kanjaniucezu lwesiyingiusebenza umlingo wayo ngaphakathi kweimbuthuma, yini echaza imfaneloI-electrode, nokuthi ubambisene kanjani nomkhiqizi onolwazi njengathi, ngemigqa engu-7 yokukhiqiza lapha eChina, ingavikele ukusebenza kwakho. Sizohlola konke kusuka ku-Ama-Raw materialkuya kokugcinainqubo yokwenza insimbi, Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unokuqonda okudingekayo ukwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi.

Yini ngempela isithando somlilo we-arc (eaf) futhi incibilikisa insimbi?

AUgesi we-arc kagesi, kuvame ukufushaniswa njenge-EAF, uhlobo lweimbuthumaleyoimishiniokukhokhisiwe ngokwezinto ezikhokhisiwe nge-ani-arc kagesi. Cabanga ngakho njenge-kettle enkulu, kepha esikhundleni sokushisa amanzi, itncibilikaamathani weisiketakanye nokunye okufakwayo kwensimbi kusetshenziswa amazinga okushisa aphezulu akhiqizwa ugesi. Lezihambisakukhona ama-WorkHorses kuimboni yensimbi, ikakhulukazi ukuthandwa amandla abo okuvuselela kabusha ngempumeleloisikena sensimbi, okwenzainqubo yokwenza insimbiUkuzinza kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nendabukoI-Blast Foncesethembele kakhulu ku-iron ore. Isakhiwo esiyisisekelo sibandakanya umkhumbi ovumayo (Theimbuthumaigobolondo), uphahla olunamachweba weI-electrodes, kanye nokushaya okuthepha ukuthelainsimbi encibilikisiwe.

Inqubo iqala ngokulayishaimbuthumane-isiketa(okuyisisekelofeedstock) futhi kwesinye isikhathi okunyeAma-Raw materialnjengensimbi encishisiwe eqondile (i-DRI) noma insimbi yengulube. Wake walayishwa, uphahla lumiswe endaweni, kanye neama-electrodes we-graphitekwehliswe ku-aklabutha. Ugesi ophakeme kakhuluUkudlula kwamanje nge-electrodekudala okunamandlaAma-arcs kagesiphakathi kweAmathiphu we-Electrodekanye nenkokhiso yensimbi. Leliucezu lwesiyingivezaukushisa okukhulu, Ukufinyelela amazinga okushisa angadlula ama-3,000degree Celsius(esondelaAma-degree angama-5000Fahrenheit e-arc uqobo), okusheshayokuncibilika insimbi yensimbi. Konkeimbuthumakuvame ukuhlala kuIpulatifomu yokulinganisaukuvumela ukuthulula kweinsimbi encibilikisiweKanye ofiswayolokushisa kanye chemistryziyatholakala.Eafsziyakwazi ukuguquguquka, zikwazi ukukhiqiza uhla olubanziamamaki ensimbi.

Ukusebenza kahle kanye nesivinini seUgesi we-arc kagesibakwenze kwaba ubuchwepheshe obuvelele ngaphakathiukwenza ngensimbiEmhlabeni jikelele. -Ngafani na-Ukufakwa kokungeniswaokusetshenziswayoImisinga e-Eddykwa-ukushisainsimbi,Uqhingiisebenzisa okuqondileukushisayeI-arc kagesi ukuncibilikaicala. Lolu hlelo lokusebenza oluqondile lweamandla kagesiivumela imijikelezo esheshayo yokuncibilika. Le khasiimbuthumangokwayo kumele kube khona ngamandla, ngegobolondo ngokujwayelekileifakwe nge-refracturyIzinto ezifanaisitini esisebenzayokwa-melana na-izimo ezedlulele. -IsimanjeEafsfaka amasistimu wokulawula athuthukile,Kupholile amanziamaphaneli odongeni nophahla, kanye nezinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuphathaI-electrodesnokuphatha i-ncibilikisa.

Ngabe ama-electrodes we-graphite akhiqiza kanjani ukushisa okukhulu okudingekayo esithandweni se-EAF?

Umlingo weUgesi we-arc kagesiamanga kui-arc kagesiuqobo, kanyeama-electrodes we-graphiteingabe yimikhuba eyenza yenzeke. Imvamisa,Ama-elektrodi amathathuzisetshenziswa ku-ac (zishintshana njengamanje)imbuthuma, ihlelwe ngephethini elingunxantathu. LezicylindricalAmakholomu wei-graphiteyenza njengemikhawulo yokuhlinzekwa ngogesi okuphezulu, okuxhunyiwe ngeIzintambo ezinkulu zamanzi ezipholile. LaphoAma-electrodes ancishisiweeduze nenkokhiso yensimbi (isiketa) ngaphakathi kweimbuthuma, kusetshenziswa i-voltage ephakeme. LESI-VOLTAGE sihlanganisa umoya (noma amagesi) kugebe phakathi kweI-electrodeIthiphu kanyeklabutha, ukudala indlela evuthayo.

Lapho le ndlela isunguliwe, enkuluElectric yamanje(amashumi ezinkulungwaneizikhali) kugeleza kuI-electrodesfuthi igxuma iwele igebe, yakha okuqinilei-arc kagesi. Leliucezu lwesiyingiempeleni yi-plasma eqhubekayo, ephezulu yokushisa kwe-plasma. Kuyaguqukaamandla kagesiku-thermalamandlaNgokusebenza kahle okuhle, ukukhulula okukhulu kakhuluukushisangqo kuisikena sensimbi. Lokhu kugxilwe,ukushisa okukhuluukusukaucezu lwesiyingi(nomaama-arcs, kwezintathu-I-electrodesetha) okwenza ukuphakamisa okusindayo, ukuncibilika ngokusheshaklabuthanokwakha aIchibi elibiwe. Le khasiI-electrodesbalawulwa ngokunembile ukuze balondoloze okuhleucezu lwesiyingiubude nokuqina kuyo yonke inqubo yokuncibilika.

Amandla alethwa ngeI-electrodeskukhulu. Cabanga ngamandla adingekayoncibilikisaamathani aqinileinsimbiNgaphansi kwehora - leso yisilinganiso esisebenza kuwo. Le khasiI-electrodesngokwabo badla ngale nqubo ngenxa yokuthioxidationngamathiphu abo kanye nokuhlobisa ngokweqileukushisayeucezu lwesiyingi, kepha umsebenzi wabo oyinhloko ukwenza okudingekayo kwamanje nokusekelaucezu lwesiyingiokudingekayoukushisa bese kuncibilikaicala kahle. Ukuqina nobukhulu beucezu lwesiyingithina ngqo nomthelelaimbuthumaUkukhiqiza futhiukusetshenziswa kwamandla, ukugqamisa indima ebalulekile yeI-electrodeuhlelo.

Kungani i-graphite ingabe izinto ezingalawulwa ze-arc lisace electrodes?

Izimo ngaphakathiUgesi we-arc kagesibafuna kakhulu. Amazinga okushisa akhuphuka, ama-currical kagesi akhulu kakhulu, futhi ukwethuka okushisayo kukhulu. Ngakho-ke, kunganii-graphite? Kungani ungabikhosi noma uthumbele? Impendulo ilelei-graphiteInhlanganisela eyingqayizivele yezakhiwo, okwenza ilungele insizakalo njengeI-electrodekulezi zindawo ezidlulele. Njengomenzi, sincike kakhulu kulezi zici ezenzeka.

Okokuqala,i-graphiteiphakeme kakhuluUkuvuselelwa okushisayokanye nokumelana okuhle kokushaqeka kwe-thermal. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungakwazimelana na-Izinguquko zokushisa ezisheshayo ezinolwazi laphoucezu lwesiyingiI-Strikes nangesikhathi senqubo yokuncibilika ngaphandle kokuqhekeka noma ukwehluleka.I-Graphite ingamelanaamazinga okushisa adlula ngaphezulu kwephuzu lokuncibilika kweinsimbi. Okwesibili,i-graphiteigcina ikhonaAmandla Omshiningokumangazayo kahle kakhuluokushisa okuphezuluAmazinga, ngokungafani nezinye izinsimbi ezenza buthaka kakhulu. Lokhu kuthembeka kwesakhiwo kubalulekile isikhathi esideI-electrodeAmakholomu asetshenziswa kakhuluhambisa.

Okwesithathu, futhi ngonyathelwe ngombalaI-electrode, i-graphite-nanaUkumelana Kagesi Ophansi(noma ukuqhutshwa okuphezulu kukagesi). Lokhu kuvumela ukuthi uphathe imisinga emikhulu edingekayoucezu lwesiyingingaphandle kokushisa kwangaphakathi ngokweqile (ukushisaukulahleka) noma ukwehla kwamandla kagesi. -Kuthileukumelana okuphansiiqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwamandla okusebenzayo kuncibilikisa. Okwesine,i-graphiteInephuzu eliphakeme kakhulu eliphakeme (liphenduka ngokuqondile kusuka ku-solid liye kugesi) esikhundleni sephuzu eliphansi eliphansi. LaphoI-electrodeukusetshenziswa ngokusebenzisaoxidationfuthi kwenzeke,i-graphiteAmandla okukhuthazelela lezi zimo ziphakeme kakhulu kwezinye izinto ezingaba khona. Inqubo yokukhiqiza, ehilelaukusakazaemazingeni okushisa aphezulu kakhulu, iqondanisa nesakhiwo sekhabhoni ukuze lakha lokhuokushisayo nogesiizakhiwo. Yile nhlanganisela yokuqina okushisayo, amandla okushisa aphezulu, kanye nokusebenza kukagesi okwenzayoi-graphiteIzinto ezisemqoka zeAma-electrodes e-arc.

Yimaphi amamaki ahlukile we-graphite electrode ekhona ngezinsimbi zensimbi? (UHP, HP, RP uchaze)

Akubona bonkeUgesi we-arc kagesizenziwa zilingana, futhi futhi azikhoama-electrodes we-graphitebasebenzisa. Izidingo ezibekwe kuI-electrodehlukahluka kakhulu ngokuya ngeimbuthumaIsilinganiso samandla, imikhuba yokusebenza, kanye nohlobo lweinsimbikukhiqizwa. Ukuhlangabezana nalezi zidingo ezahlukahlukene,Kusetshenziswa ama-electrodes we-graphiteKumabanga ahlukene, kuhlukaniswe ngokuyinhloko ngumthamo wawo wamanje ophethe kanye nezakhiwo ezibonakalayo. Njengefekthri efana neyethu, sikhiqiza uhla lwalezi ukunakekela izidingo zamakhasimende ezahlukahlukene.

Amamaki amakhuluAma-electrodes we-arc isithando afaka:

1. Amandla ejwayelekile (RP):LeziI-electrodesyenzelwe amandla aphansiUgesi we-arc kagesi, imvamisa lezo ezisetshenziswe kuma-satholakala noma ngokufunwa okuncaneukwenza ngensimbiUkusebenza. Basebenzisa i-petroleum ejwayelekilecockefuthi ube namandla okulinganisela amanje.
2. Amandla aphezulu (HP):HpI-electrodesNikeza ukusebenza okungcono kunamabanga we-RP. Zenziwa zisebenzisa uphethroli osezingeni eliphakemecockeFuthi ingaphatha izinqumo eziphakeme zamanje. Lokhu kufanelekileUgesi we-arc kagesiubandakanyeke ezilinganisweniukwenza ngensimbikanye nokuhlaziya imisebenzi. Ungahlola izinketho ezinjengaleI-electrode ephezulu yamandla we-graphiteekusebenzeni okuthembekile kulezi zicelo.
3. Amandla we-Ultra-High (UHP):Lezi yi-top-tierI-electrodes, ezobuciko ngokufunwa kakhuluUgesi we-arc kagesiIzicelo.UHP Electrodesakhiqizwa esebenzisa inaliti ye-premiumcocke, enikeza ukwakheka okuphakeme, ukumelana kukagesi okuphansi, ukuqina okuphezulu, nokuphikiswa okungcono kokushaqeka kwe-thermal kanyeoxidation. Bangakwazi ukubekezelela izinqumo eziphakeme kakhulu zamanje, zibenze zibalulekile ekukhiqizeni okukhulu, okuphezuluEafswawuvamisebhala insimbingokushesha nangendlela efanele. -KwethuI-Eltra-High Power Graphite Electrodeyenzelwe ngqo lezi zindawo eziyinselele. Ngobukhuluhambisa, ekhethekileI-electrode enkulu ye-graphite enkuluAmasayizi ayatholakala.

Ukukhethwa kweI-electrodeIbanga ngqoimbuthumaUkusebenza kahle,I-electrodeAmanani okusetshenziswa, kanye nezindleko ezisebenzayo. Usebenzisa ibanga eliphansiI-electrodengamandla aphezuluimbuthumakuholela ekusetshenzisweni okusheshayo nokuqhekeka okungenzeka, ngenkathi usebenzisa aUHP Electrodengamandla aphansiimbuthumakungabiza ngokungadingekile. Ukuqhathanisa i-I-electrodeibanga kuya kuimbuthumaIzidingo ziyisihluthulelo se-ORDAALEaf Stebilemaking.

Ungakwazi yini ukuchaza uhambo: Kwenziwa kanjani i-graphite ye-graphite ephezulu?

Ukudala aI-Graphite Electrodeokwazi ukwenza ngokuthembekile kuUgesi we-arc kagesikuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, enezigaba eziningi ezifuna ukunemba nokulawula ngokucophelelaAma-Raw materialkanye nokwenza amapharamitha. Njengabakhiqizi, sengamelana naloluhambo ngokucophelela. Kuqala ngokukhetha i-carbonaceous efanelekileAma-Raw material, ngokuyinhloko uphethiloli osezingeni eliphakemecocke(ikakhulukazi inalithicockeingomaneUHP Electrodes) kanye ne-coal tar pitch njenge-binder.

Inqubo imvamisa ifaka lezi zinyathelo ezibalulekile:

1. Ukuxuba:AbalimelecockeIzinhlayiya zilinganiswe ngokucophelela futhi zixutshwe ne-molten coal tar pitch. Izilinganiso kanye nekhwalithi yokuxuba zibalulekile ekugcineniI-electrodeizakhiwo.
2. Kwakha (ukukhishwa noma ukubumba):Ingxube efana ne-paste evuthayo yabe senziwa kufiselekayocylindricalukwakheka, imvamisa ngokukhishwa ngosayizi ojwayelekile noma ukubumba okukhulu kakhuluI-electrodesnoma ukwakheka okukhethekile. Lokhu kwakha "okuluhlaza"I-electrode.
3. Ukubhaka:OkuluhlazaI-electrodesafudunyezwa kancane ekubhaka okukhuluhambisaamasonto ambalwa kuya emazingeni okushisa azungeze i-800-1000degree Celsius. Le nqubo i-conbonisises i-pitch bilinder, yakha isakhiwo esiqinile sekhabhoni nokushayela izinto eziguqukayo. Ukulawulwa kokushisa ngokucophelela kubalulekile ukuvikela ukuqhekeka.
4. Ukufakwa kabusha (kuyakhetheka kodwa okujwayelekile kwe-HP / UHP):Ukwandisa ubukhulu namandla, kubhakweI-electrodeszivame ukufakwa nge-liquid pitch ngaphansi kwengcindezi bese zibhakwa kabusha. Lokhu kugcwalisa ama-pores angaphakathi.
5. Ukuhlunga:Lesi yisinyathelo esibucayi kakhulu futhi esinamandla kakhulu. KubhakweI-electrodeszifudunyezwa zikhethekileIzithakazi zikagesi(Njengo-Achesonhambisa) kumazinga okushisa aphezulu kakhulu, ngokuvamile phakathi kuka-2500 no-3000degree Celsius. Lokhu okukhuluukushisaiguqula isakhiwo se-amorphous carbon ibe yi-crystallinei-graphite. LeliukusakazaIsinyathelo yilokho okudlulisela okuhle kakhuluokushisayo nogesiUkuvuswa okudingekayoEAF electrodes.
6. Imishini:Ngemuva kokupholisa, i-grafitisI-electrodesbanembile ngokulunga kubukhulu obuqondile. Lokhu kufaka ukuzisika ukuze kubude futhi kwakha izisekelo ezifakwe emzimbeni ekugcineni. Lezi zinto zivumela umuntu ngamunyeI-electrodesukujoyina ndawonye usebenzisa izikhonkwane zokuxhuma (izingono), nazo ezenziwei-graphite, ukwakha amakholomu amade afinyelela kuimbuthuma. Ukunemba kweintanjanaibalulekile kumalunga aqinile, amelana nokumelana.

Kuyo yonke le nqubo, kwenziwa amasheke aphezulu okulawulwa kwekhwalithi, kusuka ekuhlaziyweni okungavuthiwe okubonakalayo ekuhlolweni kokugcina kwalo mshiniI-electrode. Kuwuhambo oluvela ngokucophelelaAma-Raw materialkuMkhiqizo Onjiniyela Owenzelwemelana na-ukujezisa imvelo yeUgesi we-arc kagesi.

Yikuphi ukuhlolwa okubucayi kwekhwalithi okuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwe-electrode ngesikhathi somlilo kuncibilike?

Kubasebenzi be-Storymaker njengoMark Thompson, ongaguquguqukiI-electrodeukusebenza kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukwehluleka okungalindelekile noma amanani aphezulu aphezulu angaphazamisa amashejuli wokukhiqiza futhi akhuphule kakhulu izindleko. Ngakho-ke, kuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yeama-electrodes we-graphiteakuwona nje umsebenzi wokuhlola; Kubalulekile ekuthembekeniUgesi we-arc kagesiukusebenza. Efektri yethu, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi kuhlanganiswe kuzo zonke izigaba, kusuka ekufundeni okungavuthiwe kokuthunyelwa kokugcina.

Izici ezisezingeni elifanele sigxile ku-Faka phakathi:

• Ikhwalithi Yezinto Ezibonakalayo:Ukuqinisekisa izakhiwo ze-petroleum engenayocockekanye ne-pitch binder. UsungulocockeIkhwalithi ibaluleke kakhuluUHP Electrodes.
• Ukunemba okuyisisekelo:UkuqinisekisaI-electrodeububanzi, ubude, kanye nombala ngonya, ukunemba kwezisekelo ezibunjiwe kanye nokuxhuma izingono (intanjanaukunemba) hlangana nokubekezelela okuqinile. Amalunga afanelekile akhulisa ukumelana kukagesi futhi athambekele ekwehlulekeni.
• Izakhiwo ezibonakalayo:Amasampula wokuhlola kusuka ku-batch ngayinye yokukhiqiza yezakhiwo ezibucayi ezifana:
  • Ubuningi obubonakalayo:Ubuningi obuphakeme ngokuvamile bukhombisa ikhwalithi engcono kanye nokusetshenziswa okuphansi.
  • Ukumelana Kagesi:Ukumelana okuphansi kusho ukuqhutshwa okungcono nokulahleka kwamanzi okuncane ngaphakathi kweI-electrode. Lokhu kubalulekileukusebenza kahle okushisayo.
  • Amandla we-Flexiral ne-modulus ye-elasticity:Lokhu kukhombisa i-I-electrode'Amandla Omshinikanye nokumelana namabutho okugoba ngesikhathi sokuphatha nokusebenza kuimbuthuma.
  • I-coefficient of thermal expnsion (Cte):I-CTE ephansi isizaI-electrode enamathiselaukwethuka okushisayo.
  • Okuqukethwe kwe-ASH:Okuqukethwe okuphansi komlotha kuyinto efiselekayo ukunciphisa ukungcola okungeniswe kuinsimbi incibilika.
• Ubuqotho bezinhlekelele:Usebenzisa izindlela zokuhlola ezingeyona eyonakalisayo (njengokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic) ukubheka imifantu yangaphakathi noma amaphutha angaholela ekwehlulekeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngaphansi kwengcindezi nomaukushisangaphakathi kwe-Ugesi we-arc kagesi.
• Ukuqinisekiswa kanye nokulandelela:Ukuhlinzeka ngemibiko yokuhlolwa okuphelele kanye nezitifiketi (e.g., ISO 9001 Ukuhambisana, Amashidi Okucaciswa Kwezinto Ezibonakalayo) nge-batch ngayinye, ukuqinisekisa ukulandelwa okugcwele kusuka ekukhiqizweni kuya ekulethweni. Ukubhekana nokukhathazeka ngenkohliso yesitifiketi kudinga ukucaca kanye nemibhalo eqinile evela kumphakeli.

Lawa masheke ahlangene aqinisekisa ukuthiI-electrodesukuhlinzekwa kungaphatha umthwalo kagesi ochaziwe, melana nokhahloimbuthumaimvelo (ukushisa okukhulu, ukwethuka okushisayo, ukucindezela kwemishini), futhi kunikeze amanani okusetshenziswa okubikezelekile, okuvumelaabenzi bensimbiukusebenza kwaboEafsngempumelelo nangokuthembekile.

Ama-electrodes aphathwa kanjani futhi ahlanganiswe ekusebenzeni kukagesi we-arc funcina?

Ngisho nekhwalithi ephezulu kakhuluI-Graphite Electrodeingahluleka uma ingaphathwa futhi isetshenziswe kahle. Njengoba kunikezwe usayizi wazo, isisindo kanye nesihlobo esilinganayo ngokuqhathaniswa nezinsimbi, izinqubo ezifanele zibalulekile ukuvikela ukulimala futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha okusebenzayo kanye nokusebenza kahle ngaphakathi kweisigayo sensimbi. Sihlala sicebisa amaklayenti ethu ngemikhuba emihle kakhulu.

Ukusingathwa kufaka ukuphakamisa ngokucophelelaI-electrodesKusetshenziswa ama-slings aqokiwe noma ama-clamp, ukugwema imithelela engadala imifantu. Isitoreji kufanele sibe endaweni ehlanzekile, eyomile, evikelwe kumonakalo wemishini. Lapho ulungiselela iI-electrodeIkholamu, izisekelo ze-threaded zeI-electrodeFuthi ingono kufanele ihlanzwe ngokuphelele ukuze isuse noma yiluphi uthuli noma imfucumfucu, elingakhulisa ukumelana kukagesi ekuhlanganiseni. Ukusebenzisa i-torque efanele lapho kuqinisa i-jorque kubalulekile - ukuqinisa ngaphansi kokuqiniseka kokumelana nokushisa ngokweqile, ngenkathi ukweqiwa ngokweqile kungalimaza imicu nomaI-electrodeisakhiwo. Kusetshenziselwa ama-torque akhethekile kulokhu.

Wake wahlangana kube ngamakholomu,I-electrodesbafakwa kuI-electrodeizingalo zeUgesi we-arc kagesi. Lezi zingalo, ezixhunyiwe ekunikezelweni kwamandla ngeIzintambo ezinkulu zamanzi ezipholile, vumelaI-electrodesukuphakanyiswa, kwehliswe, futhi kuguqulwe eceleni kokushajaimbuthuma. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza,I-electrodeIsistimu yomthethonqubo iguqula ngokuzenzakalelayo isikhundla salowo nalowoI-electrodeukugcina isitebhisiucezu lwesiyingifuthi ulawule okokufaka kwamandla. Le khasiAma-electrodes ancishisiwengokuqhubekayo njengeScraf incibilikaphansi nanjengeAmathiphu we-Electrodeziyadliwa. Abasebenzisi MonitorI-electrodeUkusebenza, ufuna izimpawu zokusebenzisa ngokweqile, ithiphu ehlukanisa, noma izinkinga ezihlangene. Ukusebenza ngokucophelela kusiza ukukhulisaI-electrodeImpilo nokugcina kungaguquguqukiukushisaFaka kuncibilikisa.

Yiziphi izindaba ezijwayelekile eziphakama nge-electrodes ngesikhathi senqubo yokuncibilika futhi zingashintshwa kanjani?

Naphezu kokuphamba,ama-electrodes we-graphiteSebenza umkhawulo wokukhuthazela ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo ngaphakathi kweUgesi we-arc kagesi. Kuvela izingqinamba eziningana ngesikhathi sokufunwancibilikisaUmjikelezo, ukusebenza kahle nezindleko. Ukuqonda lokhu kusiza opharetha kanye nabaphathi bokuthengwa kwempahla njengoMark benze izinkinga ezingcono nezinkinga zokuxazulula izinkinga.

• Ukusetshenziswa okuphezulu:Lokhu ukukhathazeka okuvame kakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa kwenzeka nge:
  • Ithiphu Sublimation:I-Carbon Vaporizing ngqo kusuka ku-Tip ngokwedluleleukushisayeucezu lwesiyingi.
  • I-Oxidation:I-carbon iyaphendula ngo-oxygen kuimbuthumaAtmosphere emaceleni aseceleni kweI-electrode. Lokhu kuvame ukuba yingxenye enkulu yokusebenzisa.
  • Ukuqhekeka:Ukwehluleka okwenziwe ngomshini kweI-electrodeikholomu noma ngokuhlangana.
  • Ukuncishiswa:Kusetshenziswa okulungileI-electrodeIbanga (E.G.,UhpNgamandla aphezulu), ukwenza kahleimbuthumaUkubekwa uphawu ukunciphisa ukungena komoya (ukunciphisaoxidation), ukulondolozela ukuqina okuhlangene okuhlangene, ukuqiniseka ezinzileucezu lwesiyingiUmthethonqubo, futhi kwesinye isikhathi usebenzisa izimbotshana ezivikelayo nomaKupholile amanziIzindandatho zokufafaza zingasiza ukuphatha ukusetshenziswa.
• Ukuqhekeka:-ZumayoI-electrodeukwehluleka kuyaphazamisa futhi kuyabiza. Izimbangela zifaka:
  • Ukushaqeka kwe-Thermal:Izinguquko zokushisa ezisheshayo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuqalisa noma uma kuvuza kwamanzi.
  • Ukucindezela Kwemishini:Izinto ezingezona ezenziwayo eziwela ophahleni, ukudlidliza ngokweqile, noma ukuwa kwe-scrap kushayisanaI-electrode.
  • Umhlangano ohlanganisiwe ohlanganyelwe:I-torque engalungile noma imicu engcolile eholela ekushiseni ngokweqile nasekuhlulekeni okuhlangene.
  • Izici Zangaphakathi:Amaphutha ekhiqiza (yize ama-qc aqinile anciphisa lokhu).
  • Ukuncishiswa:-NakayoklabuthaUkuphatha, Umhlangano Ohlanganisiwe Ofanelekile, Ukushisa KwangaphambiliI-electrodesUma kunesidingo, njaloimbuthumaukulungiswa, nokusebenzisa ikhwalithi ephezuluI-electrodesngokuhleAmandla Omshininokumelana nokushayeka okushisayo.
• Ithiphu yehlukanisa / ukuqhekeka:Kungenzeka ngenxa yokushisa okusheshayo / ukupholisa imijikelezo noma ukungahambisani kuI-electrodeisakhiwo. Ikhwalithi ephezulu, homogenousI-electrodesathambekele kangako kulokhu.
• Ukumelana Kagesi Okuphezulu:Kuvame ukubangelwa ukuhlangana okuxekekile noma okungcolile, okuholela ekuthini ngokweqile, kukhuphukeukusetshenziswa kwamandla, nokuhluleka okuhlangene. Ukuhlanza njalo kanye nomoya ofanele kubalulekile.

Ukubhekana nalezi zinkinga kubandakanya inhlanganisela yokusebenzisa ikhwalithi efanelekileI-Graphite Electrode, ukusebenzisa izindlela ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ngaphakathi kweisigayo sensimbi, nokugcinaUgesi we-arc kagesikahle. Ukuxhumana okusebenzayo phakathi kweI-electrodeumphakeli kanyeimbuthumaI-opharetha nayo ibalulekile ekuhlolweni nasekuxazululeni izinkinga.

Imayini yensimbi ingathanda kanjani eyakho ikhetha umphakeli we-graphite othembekile?

NgoMark Thompson nabanye ochwepheshe bokuthengwa kwempahla, ukukhetha okulungileI-Graphite ElectrodeUmphakeli uyisinqumo esibucayi ngezinto ezibalulekile zokusebenza kanye nezimali. Ukuthola umlingani ohlinzeka ngekhwalithi eguqukayo, izintengo zokuncintisana, ukulethwa okuthembekile, nokusekelwa okuhle kakhulu kubalulekile. Amaphoyinti kaMarku kubuhlungu - ukuxhumana okungasebenzi, ukubambezeleka kokuthumela, kanye nokukhwabanisa kwesitifiketi - ukugqamisa ukubaluleka kokukhuthala okufanele. Nakhu engikwenzayo, u-Allen, kuncoma ukugxila ku-Kususelwa kulwazi lwethu njengomhlinzeki wesikhathi eside ezimakethe ezinjenge-USA, eYurophu, kanye ne-Australia:

1. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza Ofakazelwe:Funa amafekthri asungulwe ngemigqa yokukhiqiza ezinikezele (njengemigqa yethu engu-7) kanye nomlando wokukhiqiza amamaki athile (Uhp, HP, RP) oyidingayo. Uhlangabezana nezinto ezikuhle kakhuluI-Graphite Electrodeinqubo yokukhiqiza. Ukuvakashela ifektri, uma kungenzeka, noma ukuya embonini enkuluImibukisolapho abahlinzeki bakhombisa amakhono abo benganikeza ukuqonda okubalulekile.
2. Uhlelo lokuphathwa kwekhwalithi oluqinile:Phikelela kubahlinzeki ngezitifiketi zekhwalithi eziqinisekisiwe (ISO 9001 zijwayelekile). Buza imibuzo eningilizayo ngezinqubo zabo zokulawula ezisezingeni, ekuhlolweni okubonakalayo okungavuthiwe (cockeUkuhlaziywa) ekuhlolweni komkhiqizo wokugcina (ukumelana, amandla, ubukhulu, ubukhulu). Cela imibiko yokuhlolwa kwesampula futhi uqonde inqubo yawo yokuqinisekisa ukungaguquguquki kwe-batch-to-batch. Musa ukwamukela nje isitifiketi; Buza ngezinqubo eziyisisekelo ezimele. Lokhu kusiza ukulwa nokukhwabanisa kwesitifiketi okungenzeka.
3. Ukusekelwa Kwezobuchwepheshe Nokuxhumana:Umhlinzeki omuhle usebenza njengomlingani, hhayi umthengisi nje. Hlola ulwazi lweqembu labo lobuchwepheshe. Bangakwazi ukunikeza izelulekoI-electrodeUkukhetha, ukuphatha kanye nokuxazulula inkingaimbuthumaIzinkinga? Ingabe iqembu labo lokuthengisa liphendula, linolwazi (ngaphezu kwenkulumo yokuthengisa), futhi kulula ukuxhumana (nokubhekana nezithiyo zolimi uma kusebenza)? Ukuxhumana okusebenzayo kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi lapho ukuxazulula izingqinamba ngokushesha.
4. I-Logistics kanye nokuthembela:Xoxa izikhathi zokuhola, izinketho zokuthumela, nerekhodi labo lokulethwa kwesikhathi. Ukubambezeleka kokuthumela kungamisaukwenza ngensimbiUkusebenza, ngakho-ke ukuthembeka kubalulekile. Qondisisa izindlela zabo zokupakisha ukuvikela ukulimala ngesikhathi sokuhamba. Buza ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo ukuthunyelwa ezweni lakho (i-USA, eYurophu, njll.) Futhi ukujwayela kwabo ngezinqubo zamasiko.
5. Ukusobala nokwethembana:Funa abahlinzeki abavulekile ngezinqubo zabo futhi bazimisele ukuhlinzeka ngemininingwane enemininingwane. Ukwakha ubudlelwano besikhathi eside obususelwa ekuthembekeni kuvame ukubaluleka kakhulu kunokugcina amadola ambalwa ngakunyeI-electrodengomthombo ongaziwa noma ongathembekile. XoxisanaIzindlela Zokukhokhaphambili futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ziphephile futhi zisobala.
6. Intengo yokuncintisana (inani, hhayi nje izindleko):Ngenkathi intengo ihlala iyiqiniso, gxila enanini eliphelele. Eshibhile kancaneI-electrodelokho kudla ngokushesha noma ukuqhekeka kaningi kuzobiza okuningi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yokukhiqizwa okulahlekile kanye nokusetshenziswa okuphezulu ngethani ngalinyeinsimbi. Hlaziya amanani entengo kumongo wekhwalithi, ukuthembeka, nokusekelwa.

Ukuthola abahlinzeki nge-Google Search kuvamile, kepha kwenezela lokhu ngophenyo olujulile, amasheke ereferensi (uma kungenzeka), futhi ekuqaleni kokuzibandakanya, mhlawumbe ekuqaleniumbukiso. Babeka phambili abahlinzeki abaqonda izimfuno zeElectric arc ruc funmakingFuthi bonisa ukuzibophezela kwekhwalithi nempumelelo yamakhasimende.

Yini umbono wesikhathi esizayo we-elektrode we-graphite ku-Modern Electric Arc FuneMaking?

Ikusasa leama-electrodes we-graphiteixhumeke ngokomqondo ngekusasa leUgesi we-arc yomlilo (eaf) ensimbi. Futhi lelosikhathi esizayo libukeka liqhakazile, liqhutshwa izitayela ezimbalwa ezibalulekile.Eaf Stebilemakingngokuvamile kubhekwa njengento enobungani bemvelo kunendabukoIsithando Sokuqhumaimizila, ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yekhono layo lokusebenzisa amaphesenti aphezulu weisiketa, ukunciphisa isidingo sokukhishwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe kanye nokwehlisa ukuphuma kwe-CO2 ngethani leinsimbikukhiqizwa. Njengoba imithethonqubo yezemvelo iqinisa emhlabeni jikelele kanye nokucindezela komnotho oyindilinga kuqina, isabelo seinsimbikukhiqizwe ngeEafskulindeleke ukuthi iqhubeke ikhula.

Lokhu kukhula kuhumushela ngqo kwisidingo esinqunyelwe sekhwalithi ephezuluama-electrodes we-graphite. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umkhuba ubheke kakhudlwana, unamandla amakhuluUgesi we-arc kagesi (I-UHP FUNDA) ukukhulisa umkhiqizo kanye nokusebenza kahle. Leziizimfanelo ze-arc zanamuhla ze-arckudinga ngokwengeziwe okuyinkimbinkimbiI-electrodesIyakwazi ukuphatha amasondo aphezulu kanye nezingcindezi, ukucindezela abakhiqizi abanjengathi ukuqhubeka nokunwebeka ngezinto zokwakha (njengenaliti ethuthukilecocke) namasu okukhiqiza ukuthuthukaI-electrodeUkusebenza - ngokubhekisisa ukumelana nogesi okuphansi, ukumelana okuphezulu okuphezulu okushisayo, futhi kuncishisiweoxidationamanani.

Ucwaningo luyaqhubeka nezindawo ezifana:

• Imigqomo engaphezulu:Ukuthuthukisa izigqoko ezingcono zokuvikela ukuze zinciphise ecelenioxidation, into enkulu ngaphakathiI-electrodeukusetshenziswa.
• Idizayini ehlanganisiwe ehlanganisiwe:UkuthuthukisaintanjanaIdizayini nemininingwane ye-Intono ye-Ingono yokumelana okuphansi nokuhlangana okunamandla.
• Ubuchwepheshe obuhlukile:Laphoi-graphiteihlala inamandla, ucwaningo luhlola ezinye izithwali zamanje, yize kungekho ezifana njengamanjei-graphiteIphrofayili yokusebenza epheleleEafs. Uqondise okwamanje (Dc) hambisa, imvamisa usebenzisa ingxenye eyodwa enkuluI-Graphite Electrode, futhi umele ingxenye yemakethe ngokuqondileI-electrodeIzidingo.
• Ukusebenza kwe-Smart Funeration:Ukuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe be-Sensor ne-AI ukwenza kahleI-electrodeumthetho, amaphrofayli wamandla, futhi ubikezele izingqinamba ezingaba khona, ngaleyo ndlela wandiseI-electrodeImpilo kanyeimbuthumaUkusebenza kahle.

Nga-abenzi bensimbiLwelakhiqiza insimbi esezingeni eliphakemengempumelelo nangendlela efanele, isidingo sokusebenza okuthembekile, okuphezuluama-electrodes we-graphiteizohlala iqinile. Thina, njengabakhiqizi, sizibophezele ekufuneni lesi sidingo ngokwenza ngcono okuqhubekayo kanye nokwenza izinto ezintsha, ukuqinisekisaI-electrodeihlala iyisibonelo esibalulekile sanamuhlaElectric ARC Steelmaking.

Ukuthathwa Key:

• Ama-electrodes we-graphitekuyinto ebalulekile kuI-Electric Arc Impande (EAFS), eqhuba amasondo aphezulu ukudalaucezu lwesiyingileyokuncibilika insimbi.
• I-graphiteIngabe impahla ekahle ngenxa yokuphakama kwayoukushisaUkumelana, ukuqina kukagesi okuhle, ukumelana okushisayo okushisayo, namandla aphezulu okushisa.
• I-electrodeswoza emabangeni (RP, HP,Uhp) kufaniswe neimbuthumaamandla;UHP ElectrodesSebenzisa inaliti ye-premiumcockeukuze usebenze kakhulu.
• Ukukhiqiza kuyinkimbinkimbi, kubandakanya ukuxuba, ukwakha, ukubhaka,ukusakaza(ku- ~ 3000 ° C), kanye nokunemba kwemishini.
• Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi (ukubheka ukubhema, ukumelana, amandla, ubukhulu) kubalulekile ukuthembekaI-electrodeukusebenza nokusetshenziswa okubonakalayo kuukuncibilika phansi.
• Ukusingathwa okufanele, ukugcinwa, kanye nomhlangano ohlanganyelwe (ukuhlanza, i-torque efanele) kubalulekile ukuvikelaI-electrodeukulimala futhi uqinisekise ukusebenza kahle.
• Izinkinga ezijwayelekile zibandakanya ukusetshenziswa (oxidation, ukulahleka kwethiphu), ukuqhekeka (ukucindezela okushisayo / kwemishini), nezinkinga ezihlanganyelwe; Ukuncishiswa kufaka ikhwalithiI-electrodeskanye nemikhuba emihle yokusebenza.
• Ukukhetha umphakeli kudinga ukuhlola ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza, amasistimu wekhwalithi, ukusekelwa kwezobuchwepheshe, ukuxhumana, ukwethenjwa kwezinto, kanye nenani eliphelele - hhayi nje intengo. Funa ukucaca nokwethembana.
• Ikusasa leEaf Stebilemakingiqinile, ukushayela okuqhubekayo okufunwayo kanye nokwenza izinto ezintsha ngaphakathiI-Graphite ElectrodeUbuchwepheshe bamandla aphezuluhambisakanye nokusebenza kahle.