Igrafiti eliphakeme lokushisa lizwakala: Iqhawe le-Unsung of Extreme Heating Application

Ezimbonini lapho amazinga okushisa akhuphuka khona ezindaweni eziphakeme ezingenakucatshangwa, ukuthola izinto ezikwazi ukumelana nokushisa ngenkathi kunikeza imisebenzi ebalulekile. YilaphoIgrafiti eliphakeme lokushisa lizwakalaizinyathelo ziye endaweni yokubuka. Le ndatshana ishonile ekujuleni kwezwe le-graphite yazizwa, ihlola izakhiwo zayo ezihlukile, izicelo ezahlukahlukene, nokuthi kungani kungahle kubeIkhabhoni ne-graphiteIsixazululo osekufuna. Uma ubandakanyeka ezimbonini ezinjenge-metallurgy, ukusebenza kwe-turmuning, noma ubuchwepheshe bebhethri, ukuqonda kwe-graphite kubalulekile - Funda ukuze uthole ukuthi le nto ethuthukisiwe ingaguqula kanjani imisebenzi yakho.

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I-Graphite yazizwa iyinto ethokozisayo, imvamisa engabonakali kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu kwizimboni eziningi eziphakeme kakhulu. Cabanga ngendwangu ethambile, evumelana nezimo, kepha esikhundleni sekotini noma ngoboya, yenziwe kusukaikhabhoniimicu, inqunyelwe phezulu kakhuluukushisaukubai-graphite. Lokhu kuguqulwa kuyinika izakhiwo eziphawuleka, okwenza kube yi-superstar ephezulu yamazinga okushisa aphezulu. Isimangalo saso sodumo asifaniUkufakwa okushisayoAmakhono, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zokushisa ngokweqile. Cabanga ngeMsele Esetshenziselwa amamitha ensimbi noma imishini ekhethekile kwama-labs - lezi zindawo zidinga izinto ezingagcina ukushisa lapho kufanele kube khona, futhi yilokho impelaI-Graphite yazizwaama-exlels at.

Kepha kunganiI-Graphite yazizwaKuhle kakhulu ekusingatheni ukushisa? Ibilisa phansi kwesakhiwo sayo esiyingqayizivele nokwakheka kwayo. Le khasiikhabhoniImicu, ngemuva kokuba iphathwe ukushisa, ukuthuthukisa isakhiwo se-graphitic. Lesi sakhiwo siyasinikezaI-Graphite yazizwaInhlanganisela eyingqayizivele yezakhiwo: Kuyinto engasindi kodwa eqinile, eguquguqukayo kepha eqinile, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ukumelana kakhulu nokuphakamaukushisa. Qhathanisa nendabukoukwahlukanisaIzinto zokwakha,I-Graphite yazizwaingamelana kakhulu ngaphezuluukushisangaphandle kokonakalisa noma ukulahlekelwa kwayoukwahlukanisaizakhiwo. Lokhu kwenza kube kubaluleke kakhulu kuzinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ezinye izinto zimane zincibilike noma zehluleke. Futhi, imvelo ye-fibrous yeyenzaIzicupho zomoya, zithuthukisa ezinyeUkufakwa okushisayoamakhono.

2. I-Rayon Graphite yazizwa i-vs graphite ye-vs. I-Graphite yazizwa: Uyini umehluko futhi okulungele wena?

Lapho uqala ukubhekaI-Graphite yazizwa, uzohlangana nezinhlobo ezimbili eziphambili:i-rayon graphite yazizwanepaniI-Graphite yazizwa. Zombili ziyizindlela zeI-Carbon ne-graphinate bazizwa, kepha zenziwa ngezinto ezahlukene zangaphambili -isibilwanazana esintwanalwanantwanakanye ne-polyacrylonitritrile (pan) imicu ngokulandelana - futhi ube nezimpawu ezihlukile kancane, ukuzenza zilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, umehluko wangempela, futhi ukhetha kanjani phakathi kwabo?

I-rayon graphite yazizwakususelwa kuisibilwanazana esintwanalwanantwana, i-fiber esekwe kuselula. Niniisibilwanazana esintwanalwanantwanaimicu inyama ephethwe ukushisa ngenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-carbonization kanye nama-graphitization, ayaguquka abei-rayon graphite yazizwa. Lolu hlobo lweyenzakuvame ukuthandwa yiyoubumsulwa obuphezulunezindleko eziphansi. Yaziwa ngokuhle kakhuluUkufakwa okushisayoizakhiwo, ikakhulukazi ngaphakathimba okuvubalisa ndawonyeizindawo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ipaniI-Graphite yazizwaIqala nge-polyyacrylonitriterile fibers, i-polymer yokwenziwa. I-Pan-basedyenzangokuvamile iqhosha amandla aphezulu neokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwekhabhoniNgemuva kokucubungula. Imvamisa kukhombisa kangconoimpambakanye nogesiukubangelanisauma kuqhathaniswai-rayon graphite yazizwa.

Ukukhetha phakathii-rayon graphite yazizwanepaniI-Graphite yazizwaImvamisa incike kwizidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza. Nxaubumsulwa obuphezulu-buhleUkufakwa kwe-vacuumyizinto ezimkhathazayo,i-rayon graphite yazizwaimvamisa ukuqhubeka nokuzikhethela. Kuvame ukusetshenziswaI-Vacuum Rempa, i-inert igesi impamba, futhi ngokujwayelekileUkufakwa kwamazinga okushisa okuphezulu ku-vacuum. Uma amandla, ukuqina, kanye nokuthuthukiswaUkuvuselelwa okushisayozibucayi kakhulu, panI-Graphite yazizwakungakhethwa. Isibonelo, ngokuqinisekileibhethriIzicelo zikeUkugeleza kwebhethriamasistimu, noma lapho ukucindezela kwemishini kuyinto, panyenzakungaba ukulingana okungcono. Kumayelana nokuba nesisindo esihle nokubi kohlobo ngalunye olususelwa kwizidingo zakho ezithile.

Nayi itafula lokuqhathanisa elisheshayo:

3. I-graphite yazizwa kanjani ifinyelela ukufakwa okumangazayo okushisayo?

Imfihlo ngemuvaI-Graphite yazizwa-chazanayoUkufakwa okushisayoilele esakhiweni sayo esiyingqayizivele se-fibrous kanye nezakhiwo zemvelo zeIkhabhoni ne-graphite. Cabanga ngenethiwekhi eminyene yenhlawuloikhabhoniimicu, inhlanganisela futhi yabekwe ukudala akunezinto ezibonakalayo. Lesi sakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi siwukhiye ekushiseni ukushisa nokuvimbela ukudluliselwa kwaso. Cabanga ngakho njengengubo ephumelelayo ephezulu kakhuluukushisa.

Enye yezizathu eziyinhloko zokuhle kakhuluUkufakwa okushisayoumoya ubambeke ngaphakathiyenzaisakhiwo. Umoya ungumqhubi ompofu wokushisa, kanye namaphakethe amaningi omoya omncane ngaphakathi kweI-Graphite yazizwavimbela kakhulu ukugeleza kokushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, theikhabhoniimicu ngokwayo ine-lowUkuvuselelwa okushisayo, ikakhulukazi endaweni eyihlanekezelwa ekuhlolweni kwe-fiber. Lokhu kusho ukushiyeka ubunzima bokuhamba ngemicu nangaphesheya kweyenza. Inhlanganisela yomoya obhajwe kanye ne-fiber ephansiUkuvuselelwa okushisayokwakha okusebenzayo kakhuluUkufakwa okushisayoisithiyo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho,I-Graphite yazizwakuvame ukusetshenziswamba okuvubalisa ndawonyenomaisimo sezuluizindawo, zithuthukisa ezinyeukwahlukanisaukusebenza. Phakathi kumba okuvubalisa ndawonye, kukhona igesi encane ukwenza ukushisa, futhiI-Graphite yazizwaVimba ngempumelelo ukudluliswa kokushisa okukhanyayo. Phakathi kwa-i-inert igesi impamba, theiteretiumkhathi uvimbela i-oxidation of theikhabhoniimicu ephezuluukushisa, ukuvumelayenzaUkugcinaukwahlukanisaizakhiwo zezikhathi ezeluliwe. Lokhu kwenzaI-Graphite yazizwaokulungileUkufakelwa kabusha kwe-Refractoryizinto ezifunwayookushisa okuphezuluIzicelo.

I-graphite ye-graphite ephezulu ephezulu yezicelo ezahlukahlukene.

4. Kungani okuqukethwe kwe-carbon kubaluleke kakhulu kuhlu lwamazinga okushisa aphezulu?

Le khasiOkuqukethwe kwekhabhoniphakathi kwa-I-Graphite yazizwakuyinto ebucayi enquma ukusebenza kwayo, ikakhulukazi ngaphakathiokushisa okuphezuluizindawo. -PhakemeOkuqukethwe kwekhabhoningokuvamile kuhumusha ukuze ngconoukuqina okushisayo, Kuthuthukisiweimpambakanye nogesiukubangelanisa, kanye nokumelana okungcono ku-oxidation initeretiumoya. Cabanga ngeOkuqukethwe kwekhabhoninjengobumsulwa kanye nenkomba yamandla yeI-Graphite yazizwa.

Ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza, imicu ye-Predursor (njengeisibilwanazana esintwanalwanantwananoma i-pan) iyaphathwa ukushisa ukususa okungekhona-ikhabhoniizinto nokukhuthaza ukuthuthuka. PhezuluOkuqukethwe kwekhabhoni, lapho inqubo yokuqhafaza ephelele, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni komsindo ohlelekile ngokwengeziwe nakwenzi kahle.I-graphite, ngokuba yisimo esi-odliwe kakhuluikhabhoni, kukhombisa okuphezuluimpambakanye nezakhiwo zikagesi kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo ezingaphansi kweikhabhoni. Ngakho-ke,I-Graphite yazizwange aokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwekhabhoningokujwayelekile izokwenza kangcono ekufuneniokushisa okuphezuluIzicelo.

Ngezicelo ezidinga ukweqisaukuqina okushisayonokusebenza kuI-Vacuum Rempanomai-inert igesi impamba, UkukhethaI-Graphite yazizwange aokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwekhabhonikuvame ukuzuzisa. Iqinisekisa izinto ezibonakalayo zingamelana nokuvezwa isikhathi eside ku-Highukushisangaphandle kokuwohloka okukhulu noma ukulahleka kwayoUkufakwa okushisayonoma ezinye izakhiwo ezifiselekayo. Laphookuqukethwe okuphezulu kwekhabhoniImvamisa iza nezindleko eziphakeme kancane, ukusebenza okuthuthukile kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside kungavumela ukutshalwa kwezimali, ikakhulukazi ezinqubo ezibucayi zezimboni. Isibonelo, kuI-Vacuum Metallurgyizinqubo, ukugcina kungaguquguqukiizinga lokushisa nokubandafuthi umkhathi ubalulekile, futhiIgrafu ephakeme ye-carbon yazizwainikela kakhulu ekufezeni lokhu.

5. I-Graphinat yazizwa ku-vacuum run areftela kanye ne-inert igesi impande: umdlalo owenziwe ezulwini okushisa okuphezulu?

I-Graphite yazizwana-I-Vacuum Rempaces nama-Inert Gas Rempacesempeleni ngumdlalo ophelele, wakhe itshe lezisekelo eziningiokushisa okuphezuluizinqubo zezimboni. Izakhiwo ezihlukile zeI-Graphite yazizwa, ikakhulukazi okuhle kakhuluUkufakwa kwe-Thermal ku-vacuum kanye ne-inertAmsures kanye nokumelana ngokweqileukushisa, kwenze kube yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu kulezi zinhlobo zehambisa. Cabanga ukuzama ukusebenza aIsithando somlilongaphandle kokusebenzaukwahlukanisa- Kungaba amandla angenakuphikiswa futhi kunzima ukugcina okudingekayoizinga lokushisa nokubanda.

Phakathi kwa-I-Vacuum Rempa, ukungabikho komoya kuqeda ukudluliswa okushisa nge-convection kanye nokwenza okuhunyushwe ngamagesi. Ukudluliswa kokushisa okukhanyayo kuba nzima.I-Graphite yazizwa, ngokuphansi kwayoUkuvuselelwa okushisayokanye nekhono lokuthola nokusakaza ukushisa okukhanyayo, kusebenza njengokusebenza okusebenzayo kakhuluUkufakwa okushisayo. Inciphisa ukulahleka kokushisa kusuka endaweni eshisayo, ivumelaimbuthumaukufinyelela nokugcina ukuphakamaukushisangokufaka okuncane kwamandla. Ngokufanayo, phakathii-inert igesi impamba, lapho anintshiseko igesinjenge-argen noma i-nitrogen isetshenziselwa ukuvikela i-oxidation,I-Graphite yazizwaihlinzeka ngokubalulekileUkufakwa okushisayongenkathi futhi iyahambisana neisimo sezulu. Le khasiintshiseko igesikuthuthukisa futhi isikhathi sokuphila kweI-Graphite yazizwaNgokukuvimbela ku-oxidizing phezuluukushisa.

Ukusetshenziswa kweI-Graphite yazizwaphakathi kwa-I-Vacuum Rempaces nama-Inert Gas Rempacesigcwele izimboni ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathiinqwaba, amakhambiukucubungula, kanye nezinto ezithuthukisiwe zokukhiqiza. Kusuka ezingxenyeni zokwelapha ukushisa ze-aerospace inI-Vacuum Rempaukwenza ama-ceramics kui-inert igesi impamba, I-Graphite yazizwaiqinisekisa kahle futhi ithembekileokushisa okuphezuluIyacubungula. Ikhono layo lokubekezelela okwedluleleukushisaKula mazulu alawulwayo kwenza kube yinto ebaluleke ngempela yalezi zicelo ezifunwayo. Inhlanganisela yeI-Graphite yazizwafuthi alawule umkhathihambisainika amandla aqondileizinga lokushisa nokubandaUkulawula nokusebenza kwamandla, okubalulekile ukukhiqiza izinto ezisezingeni eliphakeme nezinto.

6. Yini eyenza i-graphite izwakale ibaluleke kakhulu kwizicelo ezishisayo ze-thermal?

LaphoI-Graphite yazizwayaziwa ngokuyinhloko ngayeUkufakwa okushisayo, kukhombisa futhi kuthakazelisaUkuvuselelwa okushisayoizakhiwo ezibalulekile kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile. Yize yayoUkuvuselelwa okushisayoiphansi kune-solidi-graphite, kuseyinto kakhulu-phakemekunezinye eziningiukwahlukanisaizinto zokwakha, ikakhulukazi ezinkomba ezithile. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele siyenza ilusizo ezimweni lapho bobabiliUkufakwa okushisayoFuthi ukuhlukaniswa kokushisa okulawulwayo kuyadingeka.

Le khasiUkuvuselelwa kwe-graphite kwazwakalaI-anisotropic, okusho ukuthi iyahluka ngokuya ngokuqondisa kokugeleza kokushisa. Ukushisa okushisa kusebenza kahle eduze kwendiza yeyenzaizingqimba kunokuba phakathi kobukhulu. Lokhu kuqondaUkuvuselelwa okushisayoingaba nenzuzo kuzinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ukushisa kudinga ukusakazwa khona noma kuhambisane nesiqondisi esithile ngenkathi kusahlinzeka jikeleleUkufakwa okushisayo. Isibonelo, kwezinyeibhethriImiklamo noma ukushintshaniswa kokushisa,I-Graphite yazizwaingasetshenziswa ukwenza ukushisa kude nezinto ezibucayi ngenkathi ngasikhathi sinyeindawo yokufaka insulatizayoizindawo ezizungezile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, theUkuvuselelwa okushisayoiwa-I-Graphite yazizwaIngalinganiswa ngezinga elithile ngokulungisa ukuqondiswa kwe-fiber, ukuhlukaniswa kwabantu, kanye namapharamitha wokucubungula ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza. Lokhu kuvumela onjiniyela ukuthi bahlangane kahleimpambaukusebenza kweI-Graphite yazizwangezidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza. Ngenkathi kungenjalo kakhulu-thelelayokhaliiqinileI-Graphite ElectrodeIzinto zokwakha,I-Graphite yazizwainhlanganisela yokulinganiselaUkuvuselelwa okushisayo-buhleUkufakwa okushisayoIvula amathuba ahlukile ngaphakathiimpambaUkuphathwa kanye nezicelo zokudlulisa ukushisa, ikakhulukazi ngaphakathiokushisa okuphezulukanye nezindawo ezilawulwa emkhathini. Ukuguquguquka kwayo nokuvumelanisa futhi kuvumela ukuthi isetshenziswe ngokwezinkwa eziyinkimbinkimbi lapho kuqinile khona lapho kuqinilei-graphitekungahle kungabikho.

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LaphoI-Vacuum Rempaces nama-Inert Gas Rempaceskuyizicelo ezinkulu, ukuguquguquka kweI-Graphite yazizwainwebeka kude kakhuluhambisa. Inhlanganisela yayo eyingqayizivele yezakhiwo yenza kube yibalulekile ezinhlobonhlobo zezimboni, kufaka phakathiinqwaba, isitoreji samandla, ukucubungula kwamakhemikhali, kanye ne-aerospace. Ake sihlole ezinye zalezi zicelo ezahlukahlukene.

Phakathi kwa-inqwaba, ngaphandleUkufakwa Kwezinto Zomlilo, I-Graphite yazizwaisetshenziswa ezinqubweni ezinjengokuphonsa kwe-aluminium nokucwengeka kwensimbi okuyigugu. -Kuthileokushisa okuphezuluUkumelana futhiiteretiImvelo yenza ilungele ukuphatha izinsimbi ezibunjiweyo nokuvimbela ukungcoliswa. Kwisitoreji samandla, ikakhulukazi esisezingeni eliphakemeibhethriUbuchwepheshe obufana ne-redoxUkugeleza kwebhethriizinhlelo,I-Graphite yazizwaisebenza njenge-I-electrodeimpahla. -Kuthile-thelelayokhaliImvelo,indawo ephezulu yendawo, futhi i-porolity ibalulekile ekugcinweni kwamandla okusebenzayo nokuguqulwa phakathiAmabhethri okugeleza.

Ngale kwalokhu,I-Graphite yazizwaThola izinhlelo zokusebenza kuUkufakwa okushisayongamapayipi ashisa kakhulu, njengengxenye yamaseli kaphethiloli, futhi asUkufakelwa kabusha kwe-Refractoryezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene zokufudumeza kwezimboni. Ukuvumelana nezimo kwayo futhiKulula ukusikaImvelo iyakuvumela ukuthi ibunjwe kalula futhi yenzelwe izicelo ezahlukahlukene. Ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni,I-Graphite yazizwaisetshenziswa ekusethweni kokuhlola okudingayoUkufakwa kwamazinga okushisa okuphezulu ku-vacuumnomaisimo sezulu. Imvelo yayo engasindi futhi enhle kakhuluimpambaukusebenza kwenza ilungele ukudala ukusebenza kahle ne-compactimpambaizinhlelo. Ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwezinto ezithuthukisiwe nobuchwepheshe kuyaqhubeka nokwambula ukusetshenziswa okusha kanyeI-Graphite yazizwa, ukuqinisa isikhundla sayo njengezinto ezibalulekile ezimbonini eziningi.

I-graphite ephezulu yokuhlanza i-graphity graphite yokusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene kwezimboni.

8. Ukucabanga ngoRayon uzizwe ngezidingo zakho? Ukuqonda izakhiwo nezinzuzo zayo ezihlukile.

URayon wazizwa, ngokuqondilei-rayon graphite yazizwa, ubambe indawo ekhethekile ngaphakathi kweI-Graphite yazizwaumndeni ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezihlukile ezisuselwa kusoURayon usekweisandulelo. Ukuqonda lezi zakhiwo kubalulekile lapho ucabangaURayon wazizwaukuthola izinhlelo ezithile. Enye yezinzuzo ezisemqoka zei-rayon graphite yazizwayiyoubumsulwa obuphezulu. Le khasiisibilwanazana esintwanalwanantwanaisandulelo, ngemuva kokuhlanzwa nokucubungula, kuphumela ku-aI-Graphite yazizwakanyeOkuqukethwe okuphansi komlothakanye nokungcola okuncane. Leliubumsulwa obuphezulukubaluleke kakhulu kuzinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ukungcoliswa kungukukhathazeka, njengokusebenza kwe-semiconductor noma izinhlobo ezithile zeinqwaba.

Enye inzuzo ebalulekile yei-rayon graphite yazizwaKuhle kakhuluUkufakwa kwe-Thermal ku-vacuum. Yenza kahle ngokukhethekile njengobaUkufakwa ku-Vacuum Rempanezinyemba okuvubalisa ndawonyeizindawo. Le khasiUkuvuselelwa okushisayo kwe-rayon graphite yazizwangokujwayelekileshonisaukwedlula panI-Graphite yazizwa, ukukwenza kube ngempumeleloI-Thermal insulator, ikakhulukazi phezulu kakhuluukushisaphakathi kwa-mba okuvubalisa ndawonye. Yingakhoi-rayon graphite yazizwakuvame ukukhetha okukhethwa kukhoIsithando somliloamalitha futhiUkufakwa kwamazinga okushisa okuphezulu ku-vacuum.

Noma kunjalo,i-rayon graphite yazizwangokuvamile inamandla aphansi emishini futhiindawo ephansi engaphezulu kanye nokumelana ne-oxidation okungconoqhathanisa nepaniyenza. Futhi kuthambekele kakhulu ku-khiyaemoyeni phezuluukushisaUma kungavikelwe kahle ngeisimo sezulunomamba okuvubalisa ndawonye. Ngakho-ke,i-rayon graphite yazizwailungele kangcono izinhlelo zokusebenza laphoubumsulwa obuphezulu, okuhle kakhuluUkufakwa kwe-vacuum, futhi izimfuno ezimakhelwane ezilinganiselayo yizidingo eziyinhloko, njengeI-Vacuum Rempa, i-inert igesi impamba, nezinhlobo ezithile zeukwelashwa kokushisaizinqubo ezenziwa ezindaweni ezilawulwa.

9. Ubukhulu be-graphite buzwa kanjani umthelela ukusebenza kwalo?

Le khasiukujiyaiwa-I-Graphite yazizwayipharamitha ebalulekile ethinta ngqoUkufakwa okushisayoUkusebenza kanye nokufaneleka okuphelele kwezicelo ezahlukahlukene. Ngokuvamile, ubukhuluI-Graphite yazizwaihlinzeka kangconoUkufakwa okushisayo, kepha futhi kungathinta ezinye izinto njengokuguquguquka nezidingo zesikhala. Cabanga ngeukujiyanjengokulingana ngqo nezinga leUkufakwa okushisayoUngafinyelela.

Ungqimba oluqinile lweI-Graphite yazizwaKusho indlela ende yokushisa ukuze idlule, okuholela ekunciphiseni kokushisa okushintshiwe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthiUkufakwa okushisayoihlobene ngqo nobukhulu bezinto ezibonakalayo futhi bahlobene kakhulu nalokhoUkuvuselelwa okushisayo. Ngakho-ke, ukufezekisa amazinga aphezulu weUkufakwa okushisayo, ikakhulukazi kakhuluamazinga okushisa aphezulu, usebenzisa ubukhuluI-Graphite yazizwakuvame ukudingeka. Isibonelo, ezinkuluI-Vacuum Rempaukusebenza kakhuluamazinga okushisa aphezulu(e.g., 3000 ℃ noma 5432 ℉), izingqimba ezibucayi zeI-Graphite yazizwakubalulekile ukunciphisa ukulahleka kokushisa nokugcina ukusebenza kahle kwamandla.

Kodwa-ke, ukwandaukujiyafuthi inama-offs athile okuhweba. -Yisimunsakayenzaingahle iguquguquke futhi ingahle ingahambelani kalula nobunjwa obuyinkimbinkimbi. Iphinde ithole isikhala esengeziwe, esingaba ukukhathazeka ngemiklamo yemishini ehlanganisiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubukhulu obukhulu obukhuluyenzakungenzeka kungadingeki ngaso sonke isikhathi, ikakhulukazi ephansiukushisanoma kuzinhlelo zokusebenza lapho isikhala sinqunyelwe khona. Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha okufaneleukujiyaiwa-I-Graphite yazizwakufaka phakathi ukulinganisa okudingekayoUkufakwa okushisayoUkusebenza ngezinto ezinjengezinkinga zesikhala, izidingo zokushintshana, kanye nokucatshangelwa kwezindleko. Imayelana nokuthola okulungileukujiyaokunikezela ngezinga elifunekayo leUkufakwa okushisayoNgaphandle kokuyekethisa ezinye izici ezibucayi zohlelo lokusebenza.

10. Ufuna i-graphite ephezulu yokuhlanza? Okufanele ubheke izicelo ezifunwayo.

Ngezicelo ezifunwayo, ikakhulukazi ezimbonini ezinjengokwenziwa kwe-semiconductor, amandla enuzi, futhi athuthukileamakhambiukucubungula,I-graphinerite ebuhlungu ephezulu yazizwaimvamisa kumele.Ubumsulwaphakathi kwa-I-Graphite yazizwakubhekiswa ukungabikho kokulandela ukungcola, okufana nomlotha, izinsimbi, nokunye okungekhona-ikhabhoniizakhi. Lokhu kungcola kungaba nomthelela omubi ngokungemthetho, ikakhulukazi atamazinga okushisa aphezulunoma ezindaweni ezibucayi. Lapho ufunaI-graphinerite ebuhlungu ephezulu yazizwa, izinto eziningana zidinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela.

Okokuqala, izinto zangaphambi kwamandla zidlala indima ebalulekile.I-rayon graphite yazizwangokwemveloubumsulwa obuphakemeukwedlula panI-Graphite yazizwaNgenxa yemvelo yeisibilwanazana esintwanalwanantwanaisandulelo. Ngakho-ke, nge-Ultra-HighubumsulwaIzidingo,URayon usekwe I-Graphite yazizwakuvame ukukhetha okukhethwayo. Okwesibili, inqubo yokukhiqiza ibalulekile. Izinyathelo ezihlanzekile zokuhlanza, njengeUkushisa okuphezuluUkuhlanzwa kwegesi nokuvuthwa kwe-acid, kuqashwa ukususa ukungcola futhi kufezekiseubumsulwaamazinga. Abakhiqizi abadumile beI-graphinerite ebuhlungu ephezulu yazizwangokujwayelekile kuzohlinzeka ngemininingwane enemininingwane ku-ubumsulwa, kufaka phakathi okuqukethwe komlotha nokuhlaziywa kwe-Trace element.

Okwesithathu, cabanga ngezidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza. Izinga leubumsulwaKudingeka kuzoncika ekuzwela kwenqubo. Isibonelo, izinhlelo zokusebenza kuma-reactor wenuzi noma i-semiconductor wafer funa ukufunwa kwemaliubumsulwa obuphezuluukuvikela ukungcoliswa futhi kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile. Ekugcineni, lungiselelwe izindleko eziphakeme kakhulu zeI-graphinerite ebuhlungu ephezulu yazizwa. Izinyathelo ezengeziwe zokuhlanza kanye nezinyathelo zokulawula ikhwalithi zikhulisa izindleko zokukhiqiza. Noma kunjalo, ngezicelo ezibucayi laphoubumsulwakubaluleke kakhulu, ukutshala imali ngaphakathiI-graphinerite ebuhlungu ephezulu yazizwakuvame ukuba kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza futhi kuvikele ukwehluleka okubizayo noma izingqinamba zokungcola. Cela njalo futhi ubuyekeze umenziubumsulwaamashidi wedatha kanye nezitifiketi zokuqinisekisa i-yenzaihlangabezana ngqo neyakhoubumsulwaIzidingo.

I-graphite ephezulu yokumelana ne-fraphiment ebekiwe yokuncibilika.

11. I-Graphite yazizwa: Isenzo esilula ukusika izixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso?

Yebo,I-Graphite yazizwayaziwa ngempela ngokubaKulula ukusikaimpahla, okuyinzuzo enkulu uma kuziwa ekwakheni okwenziwe ngezifisoimpambaizixazululo. Imvelo yayo ethambile futhi ethambile ivumela ukuthi isetshenziswe kalula, yakhiwe futhi yasungulwa kusetshenziswa amathuluzi wokusika ajwayelekile afana nesikhafu, imimese, noma imishini yokusika. LeliKulula ukusikaIsici esizuzisa kakhulu ngokuPrototyping, ukufakwa ngokwezifiso, kanye nezicelo ezidinga ukwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi noma okungekho emthethweni kweUkufakwa okushisayo.

Cabanga nje ukuthi udingavimbela amandla kagesiucezu lwemishini enemikhuba engajwayelekile noma ilungeleukwahlukanisaesikhaleni esiqinile. Ne-I-Graphite yazizwa, ungayinquma kalula ngobukhulu obuqondile kanye nokwakheka okudingekayo, ukunciphisa imfucuza kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi kufanelekile. Lokhu kuhlukile ekuqineniukwahlukanisaIzinto ezingase zidinge amathuluzi wokusika akhethekile noma kube nzima ukubheka kahle. Le khasiKulula ukusikaImvelo yeI-Graphite yazizwaFuthi yenza lula ukufakwa nokulungiswa. Ingancishiswa ngokushesha futhi ilungiswe esizeni, ukonga isikhathi nakwabasebenzi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuguquguquka kweI-Graphite yazizwakufeza kwaloKulula ukusikaimpahla. Ingagoqwa kalula ezindaweni ezigoqiwe, ezisongwe emakhoneni, futhi zicindezelwe ngezikhala, zinikezeUkufakwa okushisayoNgisho nasekupheleni kwejometri. Le nhlanganisela yeKulula ukusikanezimpawu eziguquguqukayo zenzaI-Graphite yazizwaIzinto eziguquguqukayo eziguquguqukayo zokwakha ezenziwe ngezifisoimpambaIzixazululo ezihlokweni ezahlukahlukene, kusuka kumathuluzi welebhu kuya kwezimbonihambisanangale kwalokho. Ukuthi udinga bobunjwa abalula noma imiklamo eyinkimbinkimbi,I-Graphite yazizwainikeza kalula ukubulawa okudingekayo kwenzelwe ukuklanywaUkufakwa okushisayoizixazululo.

I-Key Takeaways: I-Graphite yazizwa ebalulekile

• Iqhawe eliphakeme lokushisa:I-graphinate yazizwa ama-exlels ezindaweni ezishisa ngokweqile, enikeza abalulekileUkufakwa okushisayokufika ku-3000 ° C (5432 ℉) inmba okuvubalisa ndawonyenomaisimo sezulu.
• URayon Vs. Pan:I-Rayon Graphite yazizwa izipesheliubumsulwa obuphakemefuthi kungconoUkufakwa kwe-vacuum, ngenkathi i-PanPraphite ye-PANITE izwakalisa amandla aphezulu futhiUkuvuselelwa okushisayo.
• Mechanism wokungena:Isakhiwo saso esimnandi sidonsa umoya futhi sinciphise ukudluliswa kokushisa, okwenza kube okuphakemeI-Thermal insulator.
• Izindaba zokuqukethwe zekhabhoni:-PhakemeOkuqukethwe kwekhabhonikuthuthukisaukuqina okushisayoNokusebenza, ikakhulukazi ezicelo ezifunwayo.
• Intandokazi kakhulu:I-Graphite yazizwa ibalulekile ngaphakathiI-Vacuum Rempaces nama-Inert Gas Rempaces, Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla nokunembaizinga lokushisa nokubandaukulawula.
• Ngaphandle kokufakelwa:Ngenkathi ngokuyinhloko i-insulator, futhi inikeza enziweUkuvuselelwa okushisayoNgezidingo ezithile zokulawulwa kokushisa.
• Izicelo ezahlukahlukene:Ukusukainqwabana-ibhethriUbuchwepheshe be-aerospace, ukuguquguquka kwayo akunakuqhathaniswa.
• Inzuzo yokuhlanzana kukaRayon:URayon Graphite uzizwe ekahle umaubumsulwa obuphezulukubalulekile, ukunciphisa ubungozi bokungcola.
• Ubukhulu bokufakwa:Izinhlasi zizwe ngokuvamile zisho kangconoUkufakwa okushisayo, kepha cabanga ngezidingo zesikhala nokuguquguquka.
• Izidingo eziphezulu zokuhlanzeka:Kwezicelo ezibucayi, khethaI-graphinerite ebuhlungu ephezulu yazizwa, ikakhulukaziURayon usekwe, bese uqinisekisa ukuqinisekiswa komkhiqizi.
• Ukwenza ngokwezifiso okulula:I-graphite yazizwaKulula ukusikakanye nokwakheka, kuvusa amandla enzelweimpambaIzixazululo zemishini ehlukahlukene kanye nama-geometries.

IngomaneUlwazi Olwengeziwenoma ukuxoxa ngokuqondile kwakhoI-Graphite yazizwaIzidingo,Sicela uxhumanenathi namuhla. SinguchwephesheIfektri ye-Electrode ye-Graphitengemigqa engu-7 yokukhiqiza, ilungele ukulethaIzinto ze-graphite ezisezingeni eliphakemeukuhlangana nezidingo zakho. Hlola ububanzi bethu beImikhiqizo ye-Graphite, kufaka phakathiI-graphite yamandla aphezulu, I-electrode ephezulu yamandla we-graphite, futhiI-graphite yokushisa ephezulu yokushisa i-graphible. Sithumela e-USA, eNyakatho Melika, e-Europe, nase-Australia, sikhonza ama-slexi mill, izitho zabantu, kanye nezinkampani ze-metallurgy ezinokulungiswa kwe-graphite solutions.