Ukuvula amandla e-program ephezulu yegrafu

Eyona nto iphambili yokuqina, ngokukodwa izinto ngomxholo wekhabhoni ongaphezulu kwe-99.9%, ngokukhawuleza ibangaxabiseki kubuninzi bamashishini. Ukusuka kwimveliso yentsimbi kwi-elektroniki kwi-elektroniki, iipropathi ezizodwa zale nto ziqhuba ubuchule kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Eli nqaku lihlala lingena kwihlabathi le-physite ephezulu, ichaza ukubaluleka kwayo, izicelo, kwaye kutheni iqonda ubuchule bayo ibalulekile, ngakumbi abo bathanda i-thompson yemveliso ye-B2B.

1. Ithini igrafiki ephezulu? Ukuchaza umgangatho

Igrafu ePhakamileyo yokuPhila iMifanekiso ePhakamileyo ibhekisa kwigrafu ngomxholo wekhabhoni engaphezu kwe-99.9%. Ibinzana elithi "ubunyulu" kule meko libonisa ubukho obuncinci bezinye izinto okanye ukungcola. Iimveliso zegraphity eziphezulu zegraphity zithatha oku, zihlala ziphumelela amanqanaba ococeko angaphezulu kwe-99.999%. Eli nqanaba lokucoceka kubalulekile kwizicelo ezifunwayo apho kufikelela kwixabiso lezinto ezingcolisekileyo zinokuchaphazela kakubi ukusebenza. I-China Minmetals, umzekelo, iphumelele ukuvelisa iimveliso zegrafu ezinesidanga se-99.995%, ukuseta i-Benchmark entsha kwishishini.

Olu nyulu olugqithisileyo luphucula ikakhulu iipropathi zemveli, njengokutyeka okuhle kunye nokuzinza kwemichiza kunye nokusebenza okuhle, zenza ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwezicelo eziphakamileyo. UTuda, njengomthengisi waseTshayina, uzinikele ekuhlangabezaneni nale migangatho engqongqo, imveliso yezemveliso ilungele amashishini amaninzi.

2. Kutheni kubaluleke kakhulu igrafu? Iipropathi eziphambili kunye neziBonelelo

Ukubaluleka kwe-phymatite ephezulu yegraphite isuka kwindibaniselwano yayo eyahlukileyo yepropathi:

• Ukuqhutywa kombane okhethekileyo:Igrafice ephezulu yegrafu inika ukunganyangeki kombane okuphantsi, kuyenza umqhubi oqinisekileyo wombane.
• Ukuqhutywa okukhulu kwe-surmal:Isebenza ngokufanelekileyo ubushushu, kubaluleke kakhulu kwizicelo ezibandakanya amaqondo obushushu aphezulu.
• Uzinzo lwekhemikhali:Igrafu ePhakamileyo ePhakamileyo ayinyangeki ekusuleni nasekuhlaseleni iindawo zemichiza.
• Ukunganyangeki kobushushu obuphezulu:Igcina ingqibelelo yayo kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu.
• I-Lubrity:I-graphlite yendalo yendalo inciphisa ukuxabana nokunxiba.
• Ukunganyangeki kwe-oxidation:Igrafikhi ePhezulu iPhezulu iyaphepha ukungcola kwe-oxidation.

Ezi ndawo, ziphuculwe linqanaba eliphezulu lezibonelelo eziphezulu, ziguqulela kwizibonelelo ezibalulekileyo, kubandakanya ukusebenza okuphuculweyo, ixesha elide lokuphila kwamacandelo, kunye nokuncitshiswa kweendleko zokulondolozwa. Umzekelo, kwimveliso yentsimbi, igrafikhi yokucoceka ePhezulu e-Ectrodes efana neI-Ultra-ephezulu yamandla e-IltradeUkuphucula ukusebenza kwezixhobo ze-ARC zombane ze-ARC.

3. Ithini igrafu ephakamileyo njani? Inkqubo yokucoca

Ukufezekisa ubunyulu obuphakamileyo kwigrafu kufuna iinkqubo zokucamngca ezikhethekileyo. Ezi ziwela njengamacandelo amabini:

• Ukucocwa kwemichiza:Oku kubandakanya ukuphatha igrafu ene-asids eqinileyo kunye nezinye iichemicals zokususa ukungcola. Le ndlela iyasebenza kodwa inokuba ngumceli mngeni wokusingqongileyo.
• Ukucocwa kwe-thermal (ukucoca ubushushu obuphezulu):Le ndlela isebenzisa ubushushu obuphezulu kakhulu (rhoqo kwi-vacuum) ukufaka i-vaponeise kwaye isuse ukungcola. Oku kuyinto ngokubanzi ithathelwa ingqalelo ngendlela enobubele kwindalo esingqongileyo kwaye iyakwazi ukufezekisa amanqanaba e-Urtra. Ukucocwa kwegrafu eqhubekayo sisitshixo sokuhlangabezana nemfuno ekhulayo.

Ukukhetha kwendlela kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba elifunwayo kunye nesicelo esijongwayo. Umzekelo, igrafu yebanga lenyukliya ifuna ukuba amanqanaba aphezulu okucoceka, ahlala ephunyezwa ngokucocwa kwengqolowa. Iqela lophando kwi-Mimetals Iqumrhu lisebenze ukugqibelela kokubini kokucocwa komzimba kunye neqela elikhawulezayo, kwaye iqela liyakhawulezisa uphando kunye nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji ephambili.

4. Isetyenziswe phi igrafiki ephezulu? Izicelo kumashishini onke

Igrafiti ePhakamileyo ePhakamileyo ifumana izicelo zoluhlu olubanzi lwamashishini, kubandakanya:

• Imveliso yentsimbi:I-Electrodes Electrodes zizinto ezibalulekileyo kwiziko le-ARC le-ARC elisetyenziselwa imveliso yentsimbi.
• Imveliso ye-semicondcuctor:Igrafu ePhakamileyo ePhakamileyo isetyenziswa kwimveliso ye-sefes ye-silicon kunye nezinye izinto ze-semicondcuctor, kubandakanyaIgrafu yezicelo ze-semiconductor.
• I-MetalArgy:Igrafu Crucables kunye nezikhuselo zisetyenziselwa ukunyibilika kwaye ziphosa izinyithi, ngakumbi izinyithi ezingenakugxininisa.
• Ishishini lenyukliya:Igrafu ye-Inyukliya isetyenziswa njengemodareyitha kunye nokuchonga abakwi-nyukliya.
• I-Aerospace:Izinto eziPhezulu zeMizobo ePhezulu zisetyenziswa kwi-rocket Nozzles kunye nezinye iinkqubo zeqondo lobushushu.
• Ishishini leekhemikhali:Ukunganyangeki kwe-igrasite ye-igrasite kwenza ukuba ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokuqhubekisa kwamachiza.
• Iziseko: Iziseko zisetyenziswa igraphiriya yepropathi yayo yobushushu ephezulu.
• I-EDM (i-Ecuphur yoMbane):I-Ilectros ye-iCombrodes isetyenziselwa ukuchaneka kwezezinyithi.
• I-Lubinants:I-Microforaff igraphy kunye nepolisi yegrafu isetyenziswa njengezixhobo ezomileyo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo.
• Imveliso eyongeziweyo: Igrafu kukufumana iSETSETYENZISIWEYO KWIINGXAKI ZEEMPAWU ZE-CARBON.

5. Ngawaphi amabakala ahlukeneyo okuphezulu kwegrafu ephezulu?

Igrafite ePhakamileyo ePhakamileyo ifumaneka kumabanga ahlukeneyo, nganye ilungiselelwe izicelo ezithile. La mabakala ahlelwahlulwahlulwa ngokusekwe:

• Inqanaba lokucoceka:Ukusukela kwi-99.9% ukuya ngaphezulu kwe-99.999%.
• Ubungakanani bentsundu:Ukusuka kwi-Coardes kwi-claes ukuya kwi-Poit Prografite Powder.
• Umxholo we-Ash:Ubungakanani bokungcola okungasasebenziyo.
• Ukuxinana:Ichaphazela amandla omxholo kunye nokukhathazeka.
• Ukunganyange kombane

AmaBanga aqhelekileyo abandakanya:

• I-UHP (i-ultra-sulsund ephezulu):Isetyenziswe kwezona zicelo zifunwayo, ezinje ngemveliso ye-semicondcuctur.
• I-HP (ukucoceka okuphezulu):Ilungele uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo zemveliso.
• I-RP (ukucoceka rhoqo):Inokusetyenziselwa izicelo ezibaluleke kakhulu.

I-6. Ukucoceka okuphezulu kwegrafiki vs. Ezinye iindlela zekhabhoni: Ukuqonda umahluko

Ngelixa zonke iintlobo zekhabhoni zabelana ngesakhiwo esisisiseko seatom, iipropathi zabo zinokwahluka kakhulu. Igrafiti ePhakamileyo yeGeplence yahlukile kwezinye iindlela, ezinje:

• Idayimani:Idayimane yindlela enzima kakhulu kwaye eyomeleleyo yekhabhoni, kodwa ayingomqhubi olungileyo wombane.
• I-Amorphous carbon:Le ndlela yekharbon ingenayo isakhiwo sekristali ye-crystalline kwaye siye sezantsi.
• Ikhabhoni emnyama:Indlela eyahluleleneyo yecarbon esetyenziswe njenge-pigment kunye nokunyanzelisa iarhente.

Isakhiwo esikhethekileyo somfanekiso, apho iiathom ze-carbon zicwangciswe e-Hexagonal Sheet, zisinika iimpawu zayo zophawu lwexabiso le-tyhumation kunye nokuqhubela phambili. Ucoceko oluphezulu luphucula ezi ndawo.

7. Yintoni onokuyijonga kumthengisi oPhezulu wokuPhila?

Ukukhetha umthengisi ofanelekileyo kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni umgangatho kunye nokungaguquguquki kwegrafu ephezulu yegrafu. Izinto eziphambili ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe zibandakanya:

• Isiqinisekiso sokucoceka:Umthengisi kufuneka anike isiqinisekiso esiqinisekileyo senqanaba lokucoceka kwegrafu, njengamanqanaba e-I-ISO kunye neenkcazo ezibonakalayo.
• Izakhono zeMveliso:Umthengisi kufuneka abe netekhnoloji kunye nobuchule bokuvelisa ibakala elithile kunye nefom yegrafu efunekayo.
• Ulawulo lwemeko:Inkqubo eqinileyo esemgangathweni ibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni umgangatho wemveliso engaguqukiyo.
• Amava nodumo:Umthengisi onengxelo eqinisekisiweyo kwishishini kunokwenzeka ukuba abonelele ngenkonzo ethembekileyo kunye neemveliso ezisemgangathweni.
• Izixhobo kunye neChain:Umthengisi kufuneka abe ne-chain yokubonelela nge-gold ukuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwangexesha.
• Amaxabiso okhuphiswano: Amaxabiso kufuneka alungelelanise ngomgangatho.

I-8. I-China: Umthengisi ophambili weemveliso eziphambili zegrafu eziphezulu-imeko yeTuoda

I-China ivele njengomdlali ophambili kwimakethi ye-jikelele, eneendawo ezibalulekileyo zegraphite yendalo kunye nemveliso yegrafu ngokukhawuleza. Iinkampani ezinje nge-TUODA ziphambili koku kukhula, eziqhubela phambili itekhnoloji yetekhnoloji kunye nolawulo olusemgangathweni ophantsi ukuvelisa iimveliso zegrafiutha eziphezulu ezihlangabezana nemigangatho yamagqwirha.

I-TUODA, kunye nemigca yemveliso yesi-7 yayo, inikezela ngoluhlu olubanzi lweemveliso zegrafu, kubandakanya:

• I-Ecpitite ePhakamileyo ye-Ecline
• Iibhloko zegrafu
• I-phydite rods
• I-greyitite crucabs
• I-phymate powder, njengaleyoUPURINT WEPREARE 99.9% graphite yomgubo.
• Igrafu eyandisiweyo.
• Igrafu yaziva

Ukugxila kukaTuoda kumgangatho, kudityaniswe namaxabiso okhuphiswano, kwenza ukuba kube ngumthengisi onomdla wokwenza amashishini kwihlabathi liphela, ngakumbi e-USA, eNyakatho Melika, eYurophu nase-Australia. Njengomzi-mveliso, i-TUODA igxininisa unxibelelwano ngqo kunye nokungafihlisiyo, ukujongana namanqaku eentlungu kuhlala kuqhutywa ngabathengi njengoMark Thompson.

9. Ikamva leMifanekiso ePhakamileyo yeGepy: Iindlela ezivelayo kunye nezinto ezintsha

Ibango lemifanekiso eliphakamileyo legrafice kulindeleke ukuba iqhubeke ukukhula, iqhutywa ngenkqubela phambili kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Iindlela eziphambili zibandakanya:

• Ukonyuka kwemfuno yezithuthi zombane:Igrafu yinto ebalulekileyo yeLithium-i-ion yebhetri esetyenziswa kwizithuthi zombane.
• Ukukhula kwemveliso ye-semicondcuctor:Imakethi yokwanda kwe-semiconductor iya kuqhuba imfuno ye-Ultra-programer eqinileyo.
• Uphuhliso lwezicelo ezitsha:Uphando luyaqhubeka nokuphonononga izicelo ezitsha zegrafu ephezulu yegrafu, njengakwiinkqubo zokugcina amandla e-Advanced kunye neZinto eziNgcono.
• Gxila kuzinzo:Kukho ukugxininisa okukhulayo kwiinkqubo zokwenza uzinzo kwizicwangciso zamatyala.

Iimveliso ze-China ze-China-Puir pictur Generation ifikelele kwinqanaba lamazwe aphantsi, nge-heilongjiang ethatha indima ekhokelayo. Iimveliso ziye zafikelela kumgangatho wehlabathi, kwaye ezinye, ezinjengezi zivela e-China, ngaphezulu kwe-99.999 yepesenti.

10. Ukujongana neenkxalabo eziqhelekileyo: umgangatho, izinto, kunye nonxibelelwano

Abathengi banjengoMark Thompson, abakhulisa iimveliso zegrafu kumazwe asaphuhlayo, iinkxalabo ezithile ziyinto entle:

• Uvavanyo olusemgangathweni:Ukuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho ongaguqukiyo wegrafu ibalulekile. Oku kufuna uvavanyo olungqongqo kunye nokuqinisekiswa. Iidilesi ze-TUODA oku ngokulandela iinkqubo zokulawula umgangatho ngokungqongqo kunye nokubonelela ngeziqinisekiso ezifanelekileyo.
• Izinto zokuLungiswa kunye nokuThunyelwa:Izinto ezifanelekileyo nezinokuthenjwa zibalulekile ukuphepha ukuphazamiseka kwemveliso. I-TUODA YOKUZONWABISA NOKUVUNYELWA KWAKHONA NAMAZWE KUMAZWE AMAZWI AYENZIWEYO UKUYINYULA UMSEBENZI WOKUGQIBELA.
• Unxibelelwano kunye nokungafihlisiyo:Unxibelelwano olucacileyo nolunempumelelo nomthengisi lubalulekile. I-TUODA, njengomzi-mveliso, ixhase unxibelelwano ngqo nabathengi, ukukhuthaza ukungafihlisi kunye nokuphendula.
• Ubuqhetseba besiqinisekiso:Ukuqinisekisa ubunyani beziqinisekiso zibalulekile. UTuoda ugxininisa ukungafihlisi kwaye kubonelela ngamaxwebhu anokuqinisekiswa ngokulula.

Iqhosha le-Geaways:

• Umxholo oPhezulu wokuPhilisa, umxholo wekhabhoni ongaphezulu kwe-99.9%, ibalulekile kumashishini ahlukeneyo ngenxa yepropathi eyahlukileyo.
• I-Ultra-pice Short Graftine, igqithile kwi-99.999% ukucoceka, kubalulekile ukuba ufuna i-semicondcuction.
• I-China ngumthengisi ophambili weemveliso eziphambili zegrafu, kunye neenkampani ezinje ngeTuoda inika uluhlu lweenketho ezahlukeneyo.
• Ukukhetha umboneleli onokuphika ngokuhambelana noqinisekiso olungqinisisiweyo kunye ne-chain yonikelo olubalulekileyo.
• Ibango lemifanekiso eliphakamileyo legrafice kulindeleke ukuba iqhubeke ukukhula, iqhutywa ngenkqubela phambili kumashishini ahlukeneyo.
• Unxibelelwano ngqo nomzi-mveliso, njengeTuoda, lunokunciphisa iinkxalabo ezininzi ezibathengiswayo ze-B2B.
• Ukuhlolwa okusemgangathweni akunakuphikiswa kubathengi, ngakumbi xa kufuneka kwamanye amazwe.
• Ukujongana nemicimbi efana nokulibaziseka kwenqanawa ngokuhamba phambili kubalulekile ekugcineni ukusebenza kakuhle.
• Soloko wenza ukukhuthala okufanelekileyo kwiziqinisekiso zokuthintela ubuqhetseba.

Ngokuqonda intshukumo yegrafu ephezulu yegrafu kwaye ukhethe umthengisi ofanelekileyo, amashishini angavula amandla apheleleyo kwezinto ezibalaseleyo kwaye afumane inzuzo yokhuphiswano kumashishini awo akhuphisana. Nxibelelana nathi namhlanje.