I-EctPite Ectrode Ectrode: Ukulawula i-Arc ye-Arc ye-Arc ye-Arc yanamhlanje ngamandla amakhulu oomatshini

Wamkelekile kwihlabathi lale mihlaintsimbiUkuvelisa! Ukuba ukhe uzibuze ukuba zingakanani izixa ezikhuluI-Scrap intsimbiziguqulwe zibe ziimveliso ezintsha, ezisemgangathweni, ukwindawo elungileyo. Umdlali ophambili kule nkqubo imangalisayo yileigrafu electrode. Eli nqaku liza kungena nzulu kwinto eigrafu electrodeyiyo loo nto ibaluleke kakhuluIsiko le-ARC le-ARC(I-EAF) Imisebenzi, kwaye inceda njaninyibilika intsimbingokufanelekileyo. Siza kuphonononga uhambo oluvelaImpahla engekasilwaukugqibai-electrode, qonda iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, kwaye ubone amandla ahlei-arc yombane. Nakubani na kwiintsimbiUmzi mveliso, ukusuka kubanini-manani abasekiweyo njengoMark Thompson kwi-USA ukuya kumagosa okuthenga, ukuqonda iigrafu electrodeibalulekile ekusebenzeni kakuhle nangokuziindlekoI-EAF Steeelmenking. Joyina, Allen, ukusuka kwindawo ekhokelayoUmzi mveliso wegrafikhie China, njengoko sityhila iimfihlo ezingekazo ezi zinto zibalulekileyo zokuqhayisaAmandla amakhulu oMatshinikwaye uqhube iintsimbiUkuhlaziywa kwakhona. Esi siqwenga kufanelekile ukuba sifundwe kuba senza lula iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo kwaye sinika ulwazi olusebenzayo kwabo bafumana okanye besebenzisaigrafu electroniki.

Yintoni kanye kanye aIgrafu electrodeIsetyenziswe kwiIsiko le-ARC le-ARC?

A igrafu electrodeIkholam enkulu, ye-cylindrical yenziwe kwi-phrimogerity eqinileyo. Yicinge njenge-guant giant, ipensile eyomeleleyo eqinileyo, kodwa endaweni yokubhala, yenzelwe ukuthwala amanani amakhuluumbaneamandla. Ezielectrodesyinxalenye ebalulekileyo kwiIsiko le-ARC le-ARC(EAF) Imisebenzi, ngokuyintloko isetyenziselwa ukunyibilikaI-Scrap intsimbikwayeintsimbi. Umsebenzi ophambili weigrafu electrodekukuziphathaumbanekwiziko. Xa Oku kunamandlaUkudlula kombanengei-electrodekwaye emva koko kutsiba kwi-metric ntlawulo (iI-Scrap intsimbi), yenza ii-arc yombane. Lei-arckukukhupha okumangalisayo, ukuqhuma kweamandla ombane, kakhulu i-bolt yombane olawulayo.

IUbushushu obukhuluIveliswe yile ntoi-arc, ukufikelelaamaqondo obushushuukuya kuthi gaI-3000 I-degrees Celsiusokanye ngaphezulu, yinto eqinileyoI-Scrap intsimbingaphakathi kwiIsiko le-ARC le-ARC. Ke,igrafu electrodeayinakuthwala amandla; Sisixhobo esenza ukuba iziko liyevelisaiubushushu buyimfunekoUkuguqula isinyithi esiqinileyo kwiIntsimbi enyibilikayoUkuhlamba. Ngaphandle komgangatho othembekileyo kwaye ophezuluigrafu electrode, yonkeI-EAF SteeelmenkingInkqubo ibingekabikho. Ezielectrodeszenzelwe ngokukodwa ukumelana neemeko ezigqithisileyo ngaphakathiIsiko le-ARC le-ARC, kubandakanya ukothuka okukhulu kwengqolowa kunye nendawo esebenzayo. I-PRECFISEukwakhiwakunye nemveliso nganye nganyeigrafu electrodeziphambili kwintsebenzo yayo.

A igrafu electrodeKuninzi ke kumqhubi nje wesithuthi; sisixhobo esisebenzayo esidlalayoIndima engenakuphikwakwiInkqubo yokuthambisa i-Steeelm. IIgrafu elektroniki isetyenzisiwekwiiseti, ngokuqhelekileyo ezintathu, kwi-AC (enyeokwangoku) Isiko le-ARC le-ARC. Iimilonobungakanani beigrafu electrodeingahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lokuthathwa kwesithando kunye neukusebenzaiimfuno. Ukukhetha ilungeloigrafu electrodekubalulekile ukuba ndisebenze amandlaukuselwakwaye yandise iimvelisoyeIsiko le-ARC le-ARC.

KutheniIgrafu electrodeilitye lebalaI-EAF SteeelmenkingukuyaNyibilika Intsimbi?

Iigrafu electrodeIbaluleke kakhulu kwiI-EAF SteeelmenkingKuba kuphela kwendlela esebenzayo yokuhambisa i-colossalamandla ombaneifunekanyibilikaiitoni zeI-Scrap intsimbikunye nezinye izinto ezingafunekiyo zentsimbi. KwiIsiko le-ARC le-ARC,igrafu electronikiyenza njengezinto zokufudumeza. Ukukwazi kwabo ukuqhuba phezuluUmbane wangokuUxinezelekiso kwaye uguqule leumbaneamandla ngaphakathiUbushushu obukhulungei-arcYintoni eyenza yonke le nkqubo isebenze. Leubushushu kwaye unyibilikeamandla asekwe kwindawo yokuphinda usebenzise kwakhonaintsimbi, ilitye lemveliso elizinzileyo.

Khawufane ucinge ukuzamanyibilikaInjini yemoto okanye imiqadi yakudala yokwakha. Udinga isixa esimangalisayo sokugxilaubushushu. Iigrafu electrodeuyakuphumelela oku ngokwenza ii-arcishushu kakhulu kunomhlaba welanga kangangexesha elifutshane apho linxibelelana khonaI-Scrap. Isicelo esingqalileyo seubushushuisebenza kakhulu. Iigrafu electrodeIso kufuneka ibe nepropathi ekhethekileyo:Ukuqhubela phambili kombane okuphezuluukunciphisa ilahleko yamandla njengokoukumelana ubushushungaphakathi kwii-electrodengokwayo, ephezului-thermalwothukaukumelanaukumelana ngokukhawulezaubushushuUtshintsho, kwaye lwaneleUkomelela kwamatshiniUkuthintela ukomelela ngexeshaukusebenzakunye nokuphatha. Ezi ndawo ziqinisekisa ukubaigrafu electrodeUnokwenza umsebenzi wayo ofuna.

Ngapha koko, iI-EAF SteeelmenkingInkqubo, ixhomekeke kakhulu kwiigrafu electrode, inika izibonelelo ezibalulekileyo zokusingqongileyo zendlela yokuqhuma kwelebhu ezisebenzisaigoqo lentsimbi. I-efsngokuyintlokonyibilika I-Scrap intsimbi, ukunciphisa imfuneko yentombiImpahla engekasilwakunye nokuthoba ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni. Iigrafu electrodeke ngoko kwangumsebenzi weGreenintsimbiimveliso. Iukuselwayeigrafu electrodeYinto, kodwa indima yayo ekwinqanaba lamandla afanelekileyo kwinyibilikaiI-Scrapkwayehlaziyaiintsimbiiukungabi nakho. Ngaphandle kokusebenza kakuhle kweigrafu electrode, ukufezekisa okufunekayoubushushukwayeinyibilikisiumgangatho kwiIsiko le-ARC le-ARCngekhe kwenzeke.

Ithini njaniIsiko le-ARC le-ARCSebenzisa iIgrafu electrodeukuyaNyibilika I-Scrap?

AIsiko le-ARC le-ARC.nyibilikaI-metric call, ikakhuluI-Scrap intsimbi, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ngamanye amaxesha zinciphiseintsimbi(I-DRI) okanye inyibilikisi eshushu. Inkqubo iqala ngokulayisha iziko kunyeI-Scrap. Nje ukuba ilayishwe, uphahla olunzima, luthwaleigrafu electroniki(Ngokwesiqhelo intathu), i-zungung ibe yindawo kunyeelectrodeszihlisiwe kwiI-Scrap. Kulapho umlingo weigrafu electrodeiza kudlala.

PhezuluI-Voltage Umbane wangokuemva koko idluliselweigrafu electroniki. Njengencam yei-electrodeisondele kakhulu kwi-metallicI-Scrap, okanye enyei-electrodengokokujonga, iumbaneUmahluko onokubakho uba mkhulu kangangokubaUkupasa okwangokungomoya (okanye iatmosfera ngaphakathi kweziko), i-iohing kunye nokwenza uzinzoi-arc yombane. Lei-arcyiplasma eqaqambileyo kakhulu kwaye ishushu kakhulu. IubushushuIveliswe yile ntoi-arc(kwaye nangeukumelanayeI-Scrapngokwayo kwiokwangoku) ngokuthe ngqo kwiIntsimbi yentsimbi, ukubangela ukubaubushushuukuphakama ngokukhawuleza kwayenyibilika. Iigrafu electrodeiphambili kokuInkqubo ye-Arc yombaneisizukulwana.

NjengeI-Scrap iinyibiba,igrafu electronikingokuthe ngcembe waqubuda kwikomi, gcinai-arckwaye ukuqhubeka nenkqubo yokunyibilika kude kube yonke iI-Scrapiba yichibi leIntsimbi enyibilikayo. Umqhubi ulawula ngononophelo amandla (okwangokukwayeI-Voltage) kubonelelwe kwiigrafu electrodeInkqubo yokulawula ireyithi yexabiso kwayeubushushu. Ngeli xesha lenkqubo,igrafu electrodengokwayo ngokuthe chu ngenxa yento ephezuluamaqondo obushushukunye ne-oxidation. Ukusebenza kakuhle kweIsiko le-ARC le-ARCibotshelelwe ngokusondeleyo kumgangatho kunye nokuphathwa ngokufanelekileyo kweigrafu electrode, njengoko bethetha ngokuthe ngqoyenzaUkuguqulwa kweamandla ombaneKumandla e-thermal oyifunayoVeza intsimbi.

Yintoni eyenza igrafu elungileyoImpahla engekasilwayeI-electrodeKum-UbushushuUkunyibilika kwentsimbi?

Igrafu ikhethiwe njengeImpahla engekasilwakuba ezi zigxekielectrodesNgezizathu ezininzi ezinyanzelekileyo, zonke zivela kwimbonakalo yayo eyahlukileyo kwayeikhemikhaliiipropathi. Okokuqala, igrafu iqhayisa ngokukhethekileyoUkuqhubela phambili kombane okuphezulu. Oku kuthetha ukuba inokuphatha izixa ezikhuluUmbane wangokuifuneka ukwenza amandlai-arcngexabiso elincinciumbane ukumelanangaphakathi kwii-electrodengokwayo, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa ilahleko yamandla njengokuthintelaubushushukwii-electrode. Oku kusebenza kakuhle kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kweendleko zeI-EAF Steeelmenking.

Okwesibini, igrafitite inomtsalane ophakame kakhulu (okanye endaweni yoko, inqaku)I-3000 I-degrees Celsius. Oku kuvumela iigrafu electrodeukusebenza ngokugqithileyoamaqondo obushushuiveliswe ngui-arc yombanengaphandle kokunyibilika. Inokumelana nayoUbushushu obukhuluei-electrodeicebiso aphoi-arcyenziwa. Idityaniswa nale yeyona nto ibalaseleyoi-thermalwothukaukumelana. Iigrafu electrodeamava ngokukhawulezaubushushuUtshintsho, ngakumbi xai-arciqalile okanye xa ikhutshiwe. Igrafu inokujongana nale ngxaki ngaphandle kokuqhekeza okanye ukusilela, oko kubalulekile ukuba igudileukusebenzangaphakathi kwiIsiko le-ARC le-ARC.

Okwesithathu, igrafiti inesifo esihleUkomelela kwamatshini, ngakumbi kwiamaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Ngelixa kunokubonakala ngathi yinto eyaziwayo ukuba isetyenziswe ngokusetyenziswa kwayo kwiipensile, igrafikhi yezamashishini, ngakumbi uhlobo olwenziweInaliti cokeokanye umgangatho ophezuluI-Petroleum Cokekwaye iphantsii-cografiki, yomelele kakhulu. Amandla alulekileyo ukuxhasa ubunzima bexesha elidei-electrodeIikholamu kunye nokumelana nemikhosi ye-elektromagnetic kunye noxinzelelo lomatshini ngexesha lenyibilikainkqubo. Ngaphaya koko, igrafu ilula kumatshini kwi-cylindrical echanekileyoimilokunye neziseko ezifundwayo ezifunekayoigrafu electroniki. IIqondo lobushushu legrafikiisetyenziselwe ukwenza ezielectrodesyinto ephambili ekufezekiseni ezi propati zifunwayo. Indibaniselwano yeUkuqhubela phambili kombane okuphezulu, phezulu-ubushushuuzinzo,i-thermalUkomelela, kwaye kwaneleUkomelela kwamatshiniyenza i-pitite phegiteukungabi nakhoisixhobo sayo nayiphi nai-electrodeyenzelweI-efs.

Ngaba kukho amabakala awo ahlukeneyoIgrafu electrodeeyahlukileyoIsiko le-ARC le-ARCIimfuno?

Ewe ngokupheleleyo! Akunjalo kwakonaIsiko le-ARC le-ARCimisebenzi iyafana, kwaye ayikho konkeigrafu electroniki. Igrafu electronikingokubanzi bahlelwaIindidi ezintathuokanye amabakala esekwe kwipropathi yabo kunye neemfuno zamandla eziko lenzelwe. La mabakala: Amandla aqhelekileyo (i-RP), amandla aphezulu (i-HP), kunye ne-Ultra-ephezulu (UhP). Ukhetho lweIbangaIfuthe ngokuthe ngqo impumelelo ye-zecece,i-electrode ukuselwaIxabiso, kunye nemveliso ngokubanzi.

1. Amandla aqhelekileyo (RP) igrafiti ye-Electrodes:

   • Ezielectrodeszenziwa kumgangatho oqhelekileyoI-Petroleum Coke.
   • Banenqanaba eliphezuluumbane ukumelanakwaye iphantsiUkuxinana okwangokuUmthamo uthelekiswa ne-HP kunye ne-UHPelectrodes.
   • Rp igrafu electronikizihlala zisetyenziswa mncinciIziko le-ARC le-ARCNgegalelo lamandla asezantsi, rhoqo ukunyibilikaintsimbiIIMPAWU ZOKUGQIBELAintsimbiizicelo.
   • Inkqubo yabo yokwenziwa, kubandakanyaIqondo lobushushu legrafiki, ayinzima kakhulu.
   • Unokufumana ngakumbi malunga nabo apha:I-cografite eqhelekileyo.

2. Amandla aPhezulu (HP) i-electronetrodes:

   • Hp electrodeszenziwa zisebenzisa izixhobo eziphezulu eziphezulu, zihlala zidibeneI-Petroleum Cokekunye nenxalenye yeInaliti coke.
   • Banokumelana nephezuluokwangokuUkuxinana kwaye unikele ngconoi-thermalwothukaukumelanakunokubaRp electrodes.
   • Eziigrafu electronikizilungeleIziko le-ARC le-ARCesebenza ngamanqanaba aphezulu ombane, aqheleVeza intsimbiyamabakala ohlukeneyo.
   • IUkungavavanywaInkqubo ihlala isetyenziselwa ukuphucula ukungcungcutheka kwabo kunye namandla.

3. I-Ultra-ephezulu yamandla e-Uhtra:

   • I-UHP ye-IHPRODRODRODRODRODSimele i-pinnecle yei-electrodeItekhnoloji. Zenziwe phantse kwibanga le-PremiyamuInaliti coke, enesakhiwo se-crystalline.
   • Ezielectrodesukuba neyona iphantsiumbane ukumelana(intsingiseloukuxhaphaka okuphantsi), kakhuluUkuxinana okwangokuUmthamo, ugqwesileyoAmandla amakhulu oMatshini, kwaye uphakamilei-thermalwothukaukumelana.
   • Uhp igrafu electronikizikhonaukungabi nakhoNgeemveliso zanamhlanje, kwimveliso ephezuluIziko le-ARC le-ARCesebenza ngamanqanaba aphezulu amakhulu, njengaleyo isetyenziselwai-smeltisixa esikhulu seI-Scrapngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyoVeza intsimbi esemgangathweni ephezulu.
   • Ukwenziwa kwabo kubandakanya ukuphakama kakhuluamaqondo obushushuukufezekisa iipropathi eziyifunayo.
   • Ukufumana imisebenzi, aI-Ultra-ephezulu yamandla e-Iltradeihlala ilukhetho olufanelekileyo.

Ukukhetha ngokuchanekileyoIbangayeigrafu electrodeibalulekile. Sebenzisa iRp i-electrodeKwiziko le-Uhp liya kukhokelela ngokukhawulezaukuselwakwaye kunokwaphuka, ngelixa usebenzisa iUhp i-electrodeKwiziko eliphantsi lokusebenza lisenokungasebenzi. Njengeumvelisi, sisebenza ngokusondeleyo nabathengi bethu, njengoMarkopson, ukuqinisekisa ukuba bakhetha eyona ifanelekileyoigrafu electrode IbangaukuyaisutingqoIsiko le-ARC le-ARC ukusebenzakwaye ubancede bafezekise eyona bhalansi ilungileyo phakathi kokusebenza kunyei-electrode ukuselwa.

AmagorhaI-arc: Wenza njaniIgrafu electrodeVelisa iUbushushuukuyaNyibilika Intsimbi?

Ii-arc yombaneIntliziyo yeIsiko le-ARC le-ARC, kwaye iigrafu electrodeyinto eyenza le ntoi-arckunokwenzeka. Inkqubo kukuboniswa okunomdla kwefiziksi. Xa kuphakamaNgangoku(ihlala inamashumi amawaka ee-Amperes zeI-ACIsithando) sinikezelwa kwiigrafu electrode, kwaye incam yayo isondelwe kwi-metallic esebenzayoI-Scrap(okanye enyei-electrode), IumbaneIntsimi emngxunyeni yomelele kakhulu. Le ntsimi inamandla i-elektroniki kwii-atom zegesi kwisikhewu (umoya, okanye kwimo yemo yeseti), eyenza indlela yegesi yegesi, ekwabizwa ngokuba yiPlasma.

Yakhe le ndlela yendlela yenziwa, iUkudlula kombaneNgayo, ukudala ukukhutshwa okuzinzileyo-i-arc yombane. Lei-arcIbike kakhulu kwaye ishushu kakhulu. Iubushushu ngaphakathi kwe-arc yombaneIplasma inokufikelela kumawaka amaninziI-degrees Celsius, kude kakhulu kwindawo yokunyibilikaintsimbi(malunga ne-1500 ° C). Iigrafu electrodeIndima kukugcina okui-arcNgokubonelela ngeamandla ombane. II-Ectrodes Electrodes ukuba iveliseleubushushuzilawulwa ngononophelo.

Iubushushutshintshela kwiI-Scrap intsimbiyenzeka ngeendlela ezininzi:

• Ngqo kwi-radiation ngqoisuka ei-arcikholamu ngokwayo.
• Ukuhambisanjengegesi eshushu kwindawo yokutya.
• Ukuqhubekekaaphoi-arcUkuma ngokuthe ngqo kwiI-Scrap.
• Ukuxhathisa Ukufudumezangaphakathi kwiI-Scrapnjengeokwangokuihamba kuyo.

Iigrafu electrodeyenzelwe ukugxila kule mkhuluubushushukwiI-Scrapngokufanelekileyo. Ii-electrodeIngcebiso ishushu kakhulu kodwa ayenzanganyibilikangenxa yepropathi yegrafu. Amandla alawulwayo ei-arc, ilawulwa ngokuhlengahlengisa iokwangokungeigrafu electrodekunye nendawo yayo, ivumela abaqhubi ukuba balawule ngokuthe ngqo inkqubo yokunyibilika kwaye bazise iIntsimbi enyibilikayongokuchanekileyoubushushukwayeukwakhiwaukuyahlaziyayonaIbangayeintsimbi. Amandla eigrafu electrodeUkwenza kwaye kugcinwe onamandlai-arcNgokwenene eqhubaI-EAF Steeelmenkinginkqubo.

Unjani umgangathoIgrafu electrodeNyusa ukusebenza kwiIsiko le-ARC le-ARC?

Umgangatho ophezuluigrafu electrodengumdlalo wokudibana ngokusebenza kakuhle kweIsiko le-ARC le-ARC. Xa sithetha ngomgangatho, sibhekisa kwiimpawu ezinjengezantsiumbane ukumelana, phezului-thermalukuqhubela phambili, kulungilei-thermalwothukaukumelana, kwayeAmandla amakhulu oMatshini. Ezi ndawo, esizabalazela ukugqibelela kuyo yonkeigrafu electrodeKumzi-mveliso wethu, ngokuthe ngqo kwi-Guqula kwizibonelelo ezibonakalayo zeintsimbiMaker.

Okokuqala, ezantsiumbane ukumelanakwiigrafu electrodekuthetha ngaphantsiamandla ombaneichithwe njengeubushushungaphakathi kwii-electrodengokwayo. Ngaphezulu kokunikezelwaumbaneisebenzai-arckwaye inyibilikisa iI-Scrap, ekhokelela ekunciphiseni amandla apheleleyoukuselwangetoni nganye yeintsimbiivelisiwe. Le yindleko ebalulekileyo ukugcina iindleko, ngakumbi ngokutshintsha amaxabiso amandla. Entleigrafu electrodeIzenzo njengefanelekileyoumqhubi wesifundo.

Okwesibini, ukuphakamai-thermalwothukaukumelanakwayeUkomelela kwamatshiniukunciphisa ukubakho kwei-electrodeukwaphuka okanye ukuphelisa (umphezulu we-chipping). Ukuqhekeka yintloko ebuhlunguI-EAF Steeelmenking-Bangela ukulibaziseka okusebenzayo, kunokulimaza iziko, kwaye kukhokelele ukwandaigrafu electrode ukuselwa. Iqhinaigrafu electrodeUkubuyaumvelisiUkunciphisa le mingcipheko, ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-duoorthest, iqhubekeukusebenza. Oku kubaluleke kakhuluI-Ecpitite ePhakamileyo ye-Eclineizicelo apho ingcibi ibalulekile.

Okokugqibela, umgangatho oqinisekileyo kwiigrafu electrodekuthetha ukusebenza kwangaphambili. Oku kuvumelaintsimbiAbasebenzi bezityalo zokuphucula iiprofayili zabo zokunyibilika kwaye banciphise ukwahluka kwiInkqubo yokuthambisa i-Steeelm. Iqinisekisiwei-electrode ukuselwaAmaxabiso anceda kulawulo lwe-inventri. Umzekelo, usebenzisaHp kunye ne-Uhp igrafu electronikiyenziwe kwipremiyamuInaliti cokeIngaphucula kakhulu iimvelisokunye nokusebenza kwamandla kwale mihlaI-efs, ebavumela ukuba bafumanenyibilika I-Scrapngokukhawuleza kwayeVeza intsimbi esemgangathweni ephezulukwezoqoqosho ngakumbi. Ukutyala imali kumgangathoigrafu electrodelutyalo-mali ekusebenzeni kunye nenzuzo yeIsiko le-ARC le-ARC.

Yintoni efuthoUkuselwaIreyithi yeIgrafu electrodeNgexesha leIntsimbi NyibilikaInkqubo?

Iukuselwayeigrafu electrodeNgexesha leintsimbi nyibilikaInkqubo kwiIsiko le-ARC le-ARCyinto ebalulekileyo yeendleko zokusebenza. Izinto ezininzi zinegalelo kwindlela ai-electrodeisetyenziswa. Ukuqonda ezi zinokukunceda abaqhubi banciphiseukuselwakunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle. Esinye sezizathu eziphambili zeukuselwaNgaba ukunkqonkqoza kweengcebiso: EyonaIqondo lokushisa eliphezuluei-arcInqaku lokuncamathisela libangela ukuba igrafu ijike ngqo kwi-suble kwigesi. Le yinxalenye engenakuphikwa kweInkqubo ye-Arc yombaneukufudumeza.

Enye into ebalulekileyo yi-oxidation. Umhlaba oshushu weigrafu electrode, ngakumbi inxalenye eboniswe kwimo yemo yesemo ngaphezulu kweslagumgca, uphinda wenze ioksijini kunye nekharbon diokside, ekhokelela kwiukuselwa. Yiyo le nto iziqithisebenzisaIipaneli ezipholileyo zamanzi okanye iingubo ezikhethekileyo kwikuhleii-electrodeamacala kunye nokunciphisa i-oxidation. ImichizaukwakhiwayeslagKwaye umoya owomileyo ubonelela ngendima. NgobukrakraukuxabanaImozulu okanye i-oxidical axcoiling kakhulu inokukhawulezisaigrafu electrode ukuselwa.

Imicimbi yoomatshini nayo ikwangumgaqo. Ukwahlula iigrafu electrodeNgenxa yokuphatha okukhulu, ukuzivalela okugqithisileyo, ukungazinziI-ScrapIintlawulo (ezikhokelela kwi-cave-ns ezinokuthi zibethei-electrode), okanye ukudibanisa okungafanelekanga kwei-electrodeAmacandelo anokukhokelela kwilahleko ebalulekileyo yokusetyenziswai-electrodeisixhobo. Umgangatho weigrafu electrodengokwayo yeyona nto ibalulekileyo; Izinto ezifana noxinano lwalo, amandla, kunye nomgangatho weImpahla engekasilwa(njengeInaliti cokevsI-Petroleum Coke) Impembelelo ngqoukumelanaKuzo zombini uxinzelelo lwe-thermal kunye noomatshini, ke oko kuchaphazela okoukuselwaireyithi. Ngapha koko, iukusebenzaiiparamitha zeIsiko le-ARC le-ARC, njengeUkuxinana okwangoku, iprofayili yokufaka amandla, kunye nexesha leubushushu, yonke impembelelo kangakananiigrafu electrodeIzixhobo zichithwa ngetoni nganye yeintsimbiivelisiwe. Ukulawulwa ngononophelo kwezi zinto, zidityaniswe nokusetyenziswa komgangatho ophezuluigrafu electroniki, sisitshixo sokulawulaukuselwa.

I-EAF SteeelmenkingIindlela zemveli zeMveli:Igrafu electrodeIndima yePivotali

I-Arc ye-Arc ye-ARC ye-ARC.igrafu electrodeiseyintliziyo yendlela yale mihla. Indlela yemveli isebenzisa ngokuyintlokoigoqo lentsimbinjengeyona nto iphambiliImpahla engekasilwa, uyiguqula ibeintsimbiKwiziko lenkukhu, emva koko lenziweintsimbikwi-bof. Le yinkqubo enzulu yamandla enomthi omkhulu we-carbon.

Okuchasene,I-EAF Steeelmenkingisetyenziswa ikakhuluI-Scrap intsimbinjengeImpahla engekasilwa. Kulaphoigrafu electrodekukhanya.I-efs sebenzisa I-Ectrodes Electrodes ukuba iveliseai-arc yombane, ukubonelela ngeUbushushu obukhuluifunekanyibilikaiIntsimbi yentsimbikwayehlaziyayona. Le ndlela yokurisayiki yeDenericy ithetha ukubaI-efsunakhoVeza intsimbinge-Eission ephantsi kakhulu ye-Co2Veza intsimbi. Iigrafu electrodeNgumsebenzi ophambili ophambili kule nkqubo yobuhlobo bemeko, esebenza njengeyona nto iphambiliUmthombo wamandlaiguquguqukayo.

Ukuguquguquka kweI-efs, ukuqhutywa ngolawulo oluchanekileyo olunikezelwaigrafu electrodeIgalelo lamandla, yenye enkuluinzuzo. Banokuqaliswa kwaye bamiswe ngokulula ngakumbi kuneliziko lokuqhuma, benza babe ngcono ukutshintsha iimfuno zentengiso kunye nokwahlukaI-Scrapukubakho. Banokuvelisa uluhlu olubanzi lweintsimbiAmabanga, kubandakanya umgangatho wenqanaba eliphezulualloyi-steels, ngokulawula ngononophelo umxube ohlawulelwayo kunye nenkqubo yokunyibilika exhotyiswe yiigrafu electrode. Ngelixaukuselwayeigrafu electrodeyindleko eqhubekayo, indima yayo ekunikezeleni esebenzayo, eguqukayo, kwaye ihlale ngakumbiintsimbiImveliso yenzaukungabi nakhoicandelo kule mihlaintsimbiI-Shift yeShishini ukuya kwiI-EAF Steeelmenking. Iigrafu electrodeayisiyo kuphela isixhobo; luphawu lwenkqubela phambili kwiInkqubo yokuthambisa i-Steeelm.

Isikhokelo sokuFunyanwa: Yintoni ekufuneka uyijonge kwiIgrafu electrodeUmboneleli wakhoIsiko le-ARC le-ARC?

Ngomntu onjengaManqaku eThompson, umnini wenkampani kunye neGosa lokuThengwa kweThemba elixabisa umgangatho kunye namaxabiso okhuphiswano xa uthengaigrafu electronikiKubathengi bakhe (iimayile zentsimbi, iziseko), ukukhetha umthengisi wasekunene kubalulekile. Njenge-allen, emele iUmzi mveliso wegrafikhiNgeemveliso ezisi-7 zemveliso kunye namava okuthumela ngaphandle kwi-USA, eNyakatho Melika, naseYurophu, ndiyaziqonda ngokunzulu ezi zinto zixhalabisayo. Nantsi into oza kuyikhangela:

• Umgangatho oqinisekisiweyo kunye neziqinisekiso:Oku akunakuphikiswa. Cela ukucaciswa kwezinto zezinto ezibonakalayo kunye nobungqina bokuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yamazwe aphesheya (i-E.G., iso). Unokuthenjwaumvelisiiya kubonelela ngengxelo yovavanyo kwi-batch nganye yeigrafu electrode, echaza iipropathi ezinjeumbane ukumelana, vernity,Ukomelela kwamatshini, kwayeumxholo. Lumkela abathengisi abathandabuzekayo okanye ababonelela ngezatifikethi ezinokuthandabuza. Kwiziko lethu, uhlolo olusemgangathweni lubalulekile kuwo onke amabanga, ukusukaImpahla engekasilwa(njengepremiyamuInaliti cokekubaUhp igrafu electroniki) Ukukhetha ngaphakathii-cografikikwi-wokopa lokugqibela.
• Ubuchule bobuchwephesha kunye nenkxaso:Akhoigrafu electrodeUmthengisi kufuneka angaphezulu kwe-ofisi yentengiso. Jonga iumvelisingolwazi lobuchwephesha obunzulu. Kuya kufuneka bakwazi ukuxoxa ngekhetho lakhoIsiko le-ARC le-ARC ukusebenza, qonda imiceli mngeni yakho (i.G., ephezuluukuselwa, ukwaphuka), kwaye ucebise eyona ifanelekileyoIbangayeigrafu electrode(Rp, i-HP, okanye i-UHP) yokukhuthaza ukusebenza kwakho kwayenyibilikaukusebenza kakuhle. Unxibelelwano olucacileyo lubalulekile, ngakumbi ukuthintela amanqaku eentlungu njengengxoxo engalunganga.
• Ingxelo eqinisekisiweyo kunye nokuthembeka:Funa abathengisi ngembali yomgangatho ongaguqukiyo kunye nokuhanjiswa kwexesha. Ukulibaziseka kokuhambisa kunokubangela ishedyuli yemveliso, indawo enkulu yentlungu kuyo nayiphi naintsimbiumvelisi. Cela iireferensi okanye izifundo zamatyala, ngakumbi kubathengi kwingingqi yakho okanye kwishishini. Amava okuthumela kwilizwe lakho (njengamava e-USA) kuthetha ukuba bayakuqonda oko kulungiso kunye neenkqubo zesiko. Unokuthatha iimveliso ezinjeIibhloko ezikumgangatho ophakathiUkuba iimfuno zakho zidlulisela ngaphaya kwee-electrodes, njengoko umthengisi opheleleyo onokuba yinzuzo.
• Amaxabiso abonakalayo kunye neMigaqo yokuhlawula elungileyo:Ngelixa umgangatho ophambili, amaxabiso kufuneka akhuphisane. Qonda iindleko ziyonke, kubandakanya ukuthunyelwa kunye nayiphi na imisebenzi esetyenziswayo. Umthengisi olungileyo uya kubonelela amagama acacileyo kwaye uvulekile ukuxoxa ngeendlela zokuhlawula ezisebenza kuwo omabini amaqela. Injongo yintsebenziswano yexesha elide, hayi intengiselwano yedwa.
• Ukubanakho kweMveliso:Umboneleli ngemigca yabo yemveliso, njengezethu, ulawula ngcono umgangatho kunye nokungqinisisa. Bangaphezulu kakhulu ukuba batyale imali kwi-R & D kwaye ngokuqhubekayo baphuculeigrafu electrodeiimveliso. Ukutyelela umzi-mveliso (ukuba kunokwenzeka) okanye ukuba ukhenketho olubonakalayo lunokubonelela ngokuqonda okuxabisekileyo kubuchule babo kunye nokuzinikela kwabo kumgangatho ngamnyei-electrode.

Ukufumana ilungeloigrafu electrodeumthengisi ubandakanya ukukhuthala okufanelekileyo. Sukugxila kwixabiso eliphantsi; Iindleko eziyinyani zei-electrodeKubandakanya ukusebenza kwalo, ixesha lokuphila, kunye nokuthembeka komthengisi. Ukunyibilika ngokufanelekileyoI-ScrapukuyaVeza intsimbi esemgangathweni ephezuluKuxhomekeka kakhulu kwintsebenzo yakhoigrafu electrode, ukwenza le meko ibaluleke kakhulu kweyakhoIsiko le-ARC le-ARC.

Iqhosha leqhosha: Amandla egrafini yefomati

• Ibalulekile kwi-EAFS: Igrafu electronikizikhonaukungabi nakhokubaIsiko le-ARC le-ARC(EAF)I-Steeelmenking, esebenza njengabaqhubi abadala abanamandlai-arc yombaneifunekanyibilika I-Scrap intsimbi.
• Iipropathi ezizodwa zegrafu:Igrafu yeyona nto ilungileyoImpahla engekasilwangenxa yayoUkuqhubela phambili kombane okuphezulu, ngokugqithileyoubushushu ukumelana, Ndigqwesilei-thermalwothukaukumelana, kwaye kulungileUkomelela kwamatshini.
• I-arc enamandla:Ii-arc yombaneiveliswe nguigrafu electrodekuvelisaUbushushu obukhulu(ngaphezuluI-3000I-C) ethambekele ngokufanelekileyoI-ScrapIntlawulo ngaphakathiIsiko le-ARC le-ARC.
• Ibanga le mente: Igrafu electronikiyiza kumabakala ahlukeneyo (i-RP, i-HP, UhP) ukuyaisutiAmanqanaba ombane ahlukeneyo kunye neemfuno zomsebenzi, kunyeI-UHP ye-IHPRODRODRODRODRODSyenziweInaliti cokeUkuhambisa eyona ntsebenzo iphakamileyo yokunyanzelwaI-efs.
• Ukusebenza kakuhle:Umgangathoigrafu electronikiphuculaIsiko le-ARC le-ARCukusebenza ngokukukoumbaneamandlaukuselwa, ukunciphisa ukwaphuka, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuxelwa kwangaphambiliukusebenza.
• Izinto zokusebenzisa: I-electrode ukuselwaichukunyiswe yi-tible sublimes, oxidation,slagUkuziqhelanisa, imiba yoomatshini, kunye nei-electrodeUmgangatho wakho kunyeIbanga.
• Greenerner Steel: I-EAF Steeelmenking, Ixhaswa nguigrafu electroniki, yindlela enobuhlobo obuyingqongileyoVeza intsimbixa kuthelekiswa neendlela zemveli ezisebenzisaigoqo lentsimbi, njengoko kunyanzelekileI-Scrap.
• I-SMART:Xa ukhetha iigrafu electrodeumthengisi, ukubabeka phambili umgangatho oqinisekisiweyo, inkxaso yobugcisa, ukuthembeka, amaxabiso abonakalayo, kunye nokukwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwakhoIsiko le-ARC le-ARC.