Kuvhura mukana weiyo pyrolytic graphite: zvivakwa uye zvinoshandiswa

Pyrolytic graphite ndiyo yakasarudzika fomu yegirazi ine zvivakwa zvakasiyana, zvichiita kuti ive yakakosha kune venhama akawanda. Ichi chinyorwa chinonyangadza muhunhu, kugadzirwa, uye zvinoshandiswa zvakasiyana zvePyrolytic graphite, zvichiratidza chikonzero nei chiri chinhu chesarudzo yekudaidzira nharaunda. Isu tichaongorora chimiro chayo chakasarudzika, zvivakwa zvekupisa uye zvemagetsi, uye kuti izvi zvinobatsira sei pakushandisa kwaro mune zvese kubva mumagetsi kune erospace. Kune nyanzvi dzakafanana nemako Thompson, kunzwisisa izvi zvinyorwa kunogona kupa mupendero wemakwikwi mumusika wepasi rose.

1. Chii chaizvo chiri pyrolytic graphite?

Pyrolytic graphiteIyo yakasarudzika, yakagadzirwa-yakagadzirwa graphite inogadzirwa kuburikidza nemaitiro anonzi makemikari apikuiswa(CVD). Kusiyana nechisimba graphite kana akajairwa graphite,Pyrolytic graphiteIcho chidimbu chePolycrystalline, zvinoreva kuti zvakaumbwa nemakristasi madiki madiki egirazi. Nekudaro, makristasi aya aripoinotungamirwa zvakanyanya, kupaPyrolytic graphitezvimwe zvakakosha kwazvo zvivakwa. Izvo zvinyorwa zvakafanana negrafiti chakagadzirwa kana ahydrocarbongasi (senge methane) inotsveneswa kune zvakanyanyakupisa kwakanyanyamumhepo inert. Izvi zvinokonzera gasi kunekuora, uyecarbon atomus yakaiswa dhizaini nedenderedzwa pane asubstrate.

Iyi yakagadzirirwa chimiro kiyi yekunzwisisaPyrolytic graphite. Zvakafanana nekutora akawanda matete mapepa. Pepa rega rega rinomiririra danda reGrapheye, kupicarbon atomus dzakasungwa kwazvo mune hexagonal lattice. Aya mabhendi ari mukati meiyo ndege yakasimba (covent zvisungo), asi zvisungo pakati peGraphite Layersvane simba zvakanyanya (Van der waals mauto). Uyu musiyano musangano musungo pakati penzvimbo uye kunze kwendege, inokonzera zvinyorwa zvacho kuve nazvoAnisotropy.

2. Graphlytic graphite yakagadzirwa sei? Kutarisa pane iyo deposition maitiro.

Kugadzirwa kwePyrolytic graphiteinosanganisira maitiro akajeka anozivikanwa semakemikarivapor deposition. Chaizvoizvo, ahydrocarbongasi, senge methane (Ch4), inounzwa mukamuri yekufemba ine asubstrate. Iyo chammy yakabva yapiswa zvakanyanyakupisa kwakanyanya, kazhinji mumhando ye2000 ° C kusvika 3000 ° C. Uku kupisa kwakanyanya kunoita kutihydrocarbongasi kusvikakuora- Maitiro anozivikanwa sePyrolysis.

MunguvaPyrolysis, thecarbon atomus kubva kugasi rakarongedzwa rakaiswa panesubstrate. Maatomu anozviruramisa mune yakachengetedzwa kwazvo, yakarongedzwa chimiro, kugadziraPyrolytic graphite. Chiyero chekuiswa, tembiricha, uye dzvinyiriro iri mukati mekamuri iri zvese zvakanyatso kudzorwa kuti uchengetedze zvinhu zvekupedzisira zvePyrolytic graphite. Kutonga pamusoro peaya paramita kunobvumira kuitisa density yezvinhu,inobata, uye humwe hunhu.
Izvi zvinogona kusanganisiraPyrolytic graphite mashitsi.

3. Ndezvipi zvinhu zvakakosha zvePyrolytic graphite?

The thezvivakwa zvePyrolytic graphiteTsika zvakananga kubva kune yayo yakasarudzika, yakanyanya kurwiswa yakarongedzwa chimiro. Izvi zvinogadzira kusiyana kwakakosha mukuita kwayo zvichienderana negwara. Heano mamwe maitiro akakosha:

• Anisotropy:Izvi zvimwe zvinoshatisa chimiro chePyrolytic graphite. Zvivakwa zvayo zvakanyanyisa kutungamira. Mukati meiyo ndege yezviyero (in-ndege), inoratidzira yakanaka kwazvoThermaluyemagetsi maitiro. Nekudaro, muneKutungamira Perpendicularkune zviyero, izvi zvivakwa zvakadzikira zvakanyanya.
• High Thermal Discount (mu-ndege): Pyrolytic graphiteanozvirumbidza zvakasiyanainobatamundege yematehwe ayo, kunyange kupfuura iyo yemhangura pakupisa kwemimba.
• Yakaderera inofamba-famba (perpendicular kune ndege):Kusiyana, izvoinobataPerpendicular kune zvigadziko zvakaderera kwazvo, zvichiita kuti inyonganiso yakanakisa yekupinda mugwara iro.
• Diamagnetism: Pyrolytic graphiteyakasimbadiamagnetic zvinhu, zvichireva kuti zvinodzoramagneticminda. Ichi chivakwa chiri zvakare anisotropic.
• Yakanyanya kupisa tembiricha:Inogona kumira chaizvokupisa kwakanyanyamune inert emagariro pasina kudzvanywa kwakakosha.
• Chemical Inerness: Pyrolytic graphitezvirokwazvoinert, kuramba maitiro nemakemikari mazhinji.

4. Nei Pyrolytic graphite's Friphite's's yekurayisa inoshamisa?

Zvakasiyanainobata concivity yePyrolytic graphiteMundege yematare ayo nekuda kwekufamba kwakanaka kwedono (vibrations) kuburikidza neiyo yakasungwa yakasungwacarbon atomunetwork. Funga nezvazvo kunge mafungu achifamba nekukurumidza kuburikidza neakasimba, akasungwa zvakarongedzwa zvinhu pane kuburikidza neakasununguka, akashambadzirwa. Iyo yakasimba covent bond mukatiGrapheyematanda anopa nzira yakajeka yeaya maguru ekufamba nekudzikama kushoma. The theinobatainogona kusvika kashanu iyo yemhangura.

Nekudaro, nekuti zvisungo pakati peGraphite Layershavana kusimba (van der waals mauto), mafoni ane kunetseka kuchinjisa kupisa pamusoro pematunhu. Izvi zvinotsanangura zvakadererainobatamunzira yekutanga. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvinhu izvi zviwanekupisa kunonyura.

5. Kuongorora iyo Anisotropy yePyrolytic graphite.

Anisotropy, sezvambotaurwa, hunhu hwakakosha hwePyrolytic graphite. Zvinoreva kuti zvivakwa zvezvinyorwa zvakasiyana zvichienderana negwara. Uyu ndiwo mhedzisiro yakananga yeruvara rwayo rwakasarudzika. Kufananidza kwakanaka kwehuni: Zviri nyore kupatsanura huni pamwe neiyo yezviyo kupfuura iyo.

Uku kutungamira kuvimba kwakakosha kune akawanda ekushandisa kwayo. Semuenzaniso, zvakakwirira kwazvomu-ndege inobata dondersuye yakaderera perpendicularinobataIta kuti ive yakakodzera kupisa mumidziyo yemagetsi, zvinobudirira kudhirowa kupisa kure kubva kune zvakanyanyisa zvikamu zvichirindira kubva kune dzimwe nzvimbo. Kugona kwecleaveizvo zviga zvePyrolytic graphite, zvakafanana neizvoMicayakajeka, inobvarura kubva pane izviAnisotropy.

6. Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinowanzoitika zvePyrolytic graphite?

Iyo yakasarudzikazvivakwa zvePyrolytic graphiteIta kuti zviite kuti zviite kuti zviite huwandu hwakawanda hwekushandisa, dzakawanda dzipi dzipi dzinowedzera its anisotropic thermal uye yemagetsi zvivakwa. Dzimwe nyaya dzinosanganisira dzinosanganisira:

• Kupisa kuparadzira uye kupisa kunonyura:Mukatizvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, Pyrolytic graphiteinoshandiswa kunyatso simbisa iyokupisa kunogadzirwanezvikamu, zvichidzivirira nekuvhundutsa uye kuona kuvimbika kuvimbika.
• Crability uye Molds:Yayo yakakwira-tembiricha yekurwisa uye makemikari interness inoita kuti ive yakakodzera zvinyorwa zvekukweretesa zvinoshandiswa mune yakakwira-tembiricha yemaitiro.
• Monofromators:Zvakanyanyisa kushandiswa muX-ray, uye neutron monochromators.
• Biomedical Zvikumbiro:Kuziva kwayo kwakakonzera kushandiswa kwayo mune mamwe maipuranga ekurapa.
• Zvinhu zveAerospace:Kugadzikana kwaro kwakakwirira uye zvisikwa zvinorema zvinoita kuti zviitike mukunyorera kweAerospace.
• Scanning Probe microscopy:Pyrolytic graphite, kunyanyayakanyanya kugadzirwa pyrolytic graphite, inoshandiswa sesubstrateforkuongorora tunnelingmicroscopy (sm) nekuda kweiyo flat, yekuita nzvimbo. Inogona kuve yakajeka kakawanda kakawanda.

7. Pyrolytic graphite mune zvemagetsi zvishandiso uye semiconductors.

Muzvigadzirwa zvemagetsiuyesemicononductorMaindasitiri,Pyrolytic graphiteanoita basa rakakosha mukugadzira manejimendi. Magetsi emazuva ano gadzira huwandu hwakakura hwekupisa, uye kushanda kwakashanda kunokosha kune kukosha kwekuita uye kuzere.Pyrolytic graphite'Sixionalmu-ndege inobata dondersInoita kuti ive yakanakisa zvinhu zvekuparadzira kupisa kubva kune zvinopisa mavara, senge processors uye simba amoplifiers.

Uyezve, zvakadererainobataPerpendicular kune iyo ndege inobatsira kuzvitsaura kupisa, kudzivirira kubva mukukanganisa zvakabatana zvikamu zvakaringana. Iyo yakatetepa, yakareruka midziyo yePyrolytic graphite mashitsiZvakare vanozviita vakakodzera kuti vashandise mune compact zvemagetsi zvigadzirwa uko nzvimbo ishoma. Izvo zvinyorwa zvichashandiswawo mukatiMasero emafutaforsimba rekuchengetedza simba.

8. Pyrolytic graphite yakafanana nedzimwe nzira dzegirisheni?

Nepo marudzi ese eGripite Griphi akagovana iyo Basic HexAgonal Carbon chimiro,Pyrolytic graphiteinomira kunze nekuda kweiyo yakanyanya kudiwa, yakagadzirirwa chimiro. Izvi zvinopa izvo zvakasiyana zvivakwa zvichienzaniswa nemamwe marudzi, se:

• Natural Graphite:Mined kubva pasi, natural graphite ine chimiro chisina kunyorwa kupfuuraPyrolytic graphite, zvichikonzera kudereraThermaluyemagetsi maitiro.
• Yakajairika graphitekanaYayoraficial graphite:Izvi zvinowanzogadzirwa kubvakabhoni demauye binder, akabva abatwa uye akafirwa. Iyo ine yakawanda isotropic chimiro (zvivakwa zvakafanana mumativi ese) zvichienzaniswa nePyrolytic graphite.
• Grapheye:NepoPyrolytic graphiteinogadzirwa nekumisikidzwaGrapheyezvikamu, single-layerGrapheyeine zvakatowanda zvakaringana zvivakwa. Nekudaro, kugadzira yakakura, kuremara-yemahara mashitsi eGrapheyeinoramba iri dambudziko.

Tichienzanisa izvi zviviri zvinhu,Pyrolytic graphiteInorova chiyero pakati pekuita uye kugadzira kugadzirwa, zvichiita sarudzo inoshanda kune akawanda maapplication. Tarisa uoneYakakwira Simba Graphite BlockPeji yechigadzirwa.

9. Ndezvipi zvisingakwanisi uye zvinetso zvekushandisa pyrolytic graphite?

Kunyangwe zvawanikwa zvakawanda zvakanaka,Pyrolytic graphiteine zvimwe zvausingakwanisi:

• Brittleness:Inogona kunge iri brittle uye inowanzo kupaza, kunyanya pamwe chete nehurongwa hwekuchena.
• Mutengo:Iyo CVD yekugadzira maitiro inogona kuve inodhura, kugadziraPyrolytic graphitezvakanyanya kudhura kupfuura mamwe marudzi egirazi.
• Machokina:Kunyange zvingaitwe The thecrystallizationuyeinhomogeneityinogona kuita izvi.
• Oxidation pakupisa kukuru:Kunyangwe akagadzikana mune inert emagariro,Pyrolytic graphiteinogona oxidize (ita neokisijeni) atTembiricha dzakakwiridzirwaMumhepo, kudzikamisa kushandiswa kwaro mune imwe yakakwirira-tembiricha inoshanda pasina machira ekudzivirira. Inofanira kuchengetwa pazasi400 ° C.

10. Ramangwana rePyrolytic graphite: kubuda uye kutsvagisa.

Tsvakiridzo inoenderera mberi nekuongorora manyorero matsva uye anonakidza maficha ePyrolytic graphite. Nzvimbo Dzinonakidza Dzinosanganisira:

• Advanced Thermal Management:Sezvo zvishandiso zvemagetsi zvinoramba zvichidzika uye kuve nesimba rakawanda, kudiwa kwekunyatsotambisa kusarudzika kwekushambadzira kwekushambadzira kuchatyaira kuwedzera kukura kwePyrolytic graphite-zvivakwa zvinhu.
• Kuchengetedza Energy:Itsmagetsi maitiroUye chimiro chakarukwa chikaita kuti ive mukana wekushandiswa kwekushandisa mumabhatiri epamberi uye masimba makuru. Zvinyorwa zvirichemical inert.
• Sensors:Zvivakwa zvaro zvakasarudzika zviri kuongororwa kuti ushandiswe mumhando dzakasiyana siyana dze sensors.
• Biomedical engineering:Kuwedzera kutsvagisa mune yayo yekukonzeresa kunogona kutungamira kune matsva ekushandisa mune zvishandiso zvekurapa uye zvishandiso.
  * Zvidzidzo zveMorekuruScients Scientists vanoshandisa hopg seyakajeka pane iyo yekufunda akasiyana siyanaAnomatic mamesrulles. Hopg inopayakafumurwa nzvimbo yakachenakunyangwe mushure mekugara mukatimhepo kwemaawa. Substrate inogonaSimbisa mamorekuru ** uye ipa ndege yekufambisa.
• Nanantation: Thenanantationyakaonekwa kuratidzasemiconductingmaitiro.

Key Dealoways: Pyrolytic graphite zvakakosha

• Pyrolytic graphitefomu yakasarudzika yegrafiti ine yakachengetedzwa kwazvo, yakagadzirirwa chimiro.
• Inoratidza kusarudzikaAnisotropy, neyakakwiraThermaluyemagetsi maitiroMundege yematemo uye yakaderera maitiro ePetendicular kune ndege.
• Iyo yakagadzirwa kuburikidza nemakemikari mupfukuiswa (Pyrolysis), maitiro anotendera kutonga pamusoro pezvivakwa zvayo.
• Kiyi yekunyorera inosanganisira kupisa kupisa, crwantions, zvinhu zvemhando, uye subsmates yeMicroscopy.
• Chinhu chakakosha mukatizvigadzirwa zvemagetsiuye semiconducductors yekufambisa manejimendi.
• Nepo zvakanyanya kudhura kupfuura mamwe marudzi egirazi, zvivakwa zvayo zvakasarudzika zvinoruramisa kushandiswa kwayo mukudaidzira mafomu ekushandisa.
• Kuenderera mberi kwekutsvaga kuri kuongorora zvikumbiro zvitsva mukuchengetedza simba, sensors, uye biomonyical engineering.
• Rangarira kuongorora kweduYakanyanya Kuchena 99.9% graphite podauyeKupisa kwakanyanya kurwisa graphite kuchinjiswa kwekunyungudikaZvigadzirwa mapeji.
• Titarise yakoElectrode zvinyorwazvinodiwa.
  Iyo graphite delocalizedSystempamusoro peFomu Graphene Sheetsine basa remagetsiKubata uye kuporakugadzikana.
• Zvakakosha kuti unzwisisedelocalized π-chisungopakati pemashitikuita sarudzo dzekutenga dzinotenga.