Kugaragaza Imbaraga za UHP Showrodes: Ubuyobozi bwawe Kuri Hejuru Yamamoto ya ARC Imikorere

Iyi ngingo isize inkunga ikomeye yaIbishushanyo, cyane cyaneUltra-Imbaraga Zisumbuye (UHP) hashushanyije, muri iki giheamashanyarazi arcibikorwa. Tuzasesengura imitungo yabo yihariye, inyungu, nuburyo batanga umusanzu muburyo bwiza kandi bwo hejuruibyumaumusaruro. Waba uri umwuga umwuga cyangwa utangiye kwiga gusaigishushanyoIbicuruzwa, iki gitabo gitanga ubushishozi.

1. Ni ubuhe buryo bwa electrote, kandi kuki ari ngombwa kubera ibyuma bigezweho?

Ibishushanyoni ibice byingenzi muriitanura rya arc (eaf) ibyumainzira. Ubu silindricalelectrodeByakozwe cyane cyaneigishushanyo, akaruboneAllotrope igaragaza imitungo idasanzwe kuri iyi porogaramu isaba. Imikorere yabo yibanze ni ugukora byinshiamashanyaraziikiriho kugirango utanga ubushyuhe bukabijegushonganagutunganya ibyuma.

Muri anEaf, Ibishushanyo bya electrode ikoreshwagukora anamashanyaraziarc hagati yaelectrodeinama naibyumaibisigazwa, cyangwa kwishyuza, imbere muriitanura. Iyi arc itera hejuruubushyuhe- akenshi urenga 3.000 ° C - Ninde wihutagushongaibisigazwaibyuma. Ubu bushobozi bwo kwimura nezaamashanyaraziimbaraga mu ingufu zumuhanda zikoraIbishushanyoNtabyingenzi muri iki giheibyuma.

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2. Uhp graprode ya electrodes na ubundi bwoko: Niki kibasumba hejuru?

Hano hari amanota menshi yaIbishushanyo, harimoUltra-Imbaraga Zinshi (UHP), imbaraga nyinshi (hp), hamwe nububasha busanzwe (rp).Uhp graprodeihagarare kubera imikorere yabo isumba byose, cyane cyane mubisabwa-bisabwa-bigezwehoEaf ibyuma. None, ni izihe nyungu zihariye zaUhp graprode?

Itandukaniro ryibanze riri mubushobozi bwabo bwo kwihanganira hejuru cyaneamashanyaraziimigezi.Uhp graprodeByakozwe mubikoresho byibanze byibanze, nka peteroli yo hejuru-isukuyecokenaCoke, kandi ugakorainziraKugera ku bidasanzweimashiniimbaraga, hasiKurwanya amashanyarazi, kandi hejuruubushyuheGukora. Ibi bibafasha gukemura imbaraga zikomeye zisabwa zigezwehoEafibikorwa, biganisha ku byihusegushongaibiciro, byiyongereyeitanuraUmusaruro, no kugabanyaelectrodegukoresha. Ibinyuranye, amanota ya RP na HP birakwiriye kubisabwa byingufu, ariko ntibishobora guhuza imikorere kandigukora nezayaUhp graprodemugusaba ibidukikije.

3. Igikorwa cyo gukora: kuva ibikoresho fatizo kugeza kuri electrode ndende

TheingandayaIbishushanyoni ikintu gikomeyeinzirabirimo ibyiciro byinshi byingenzi. Theinziraitangirana no guhitamo ibikoresho byiza byibanze. Ibikoresho byibanze byibanze niCotroleum CokenaCoke, hamwe na binder nka coal tar tar. Ibi bikoresho byatoranijwe neza kugirango harebwe isuku hamwe nukwifuzwaUmutungokumukino wanyumaelectrode. Intambwe z'umutekano ni:

• Imyiteguro y'ibintu: Thecoken'ibindi bikoresho byarajanywe, byerekanwe, kandi biranga neza.
• Kuvanga no guteka: Ibikoresho fatizo bivangwa na Binder kandi bikanamateka kugirango bibe paste.
• Gukandagira cyangwa kubumba: Paste irasigaranye cyangwa yahinduwe muburyo bwa silindrike.
• GutekaIcyatsielectrodebatetse hejuruubushyuheKuzamuka bunder kandi wiyongereimashiniimbaraga.
• Kudahinduka: Yatetseelectrodeirashobora guhinduka kutagira ingaruka zo kunoza ibyaboubucuciken'imbaraga.
• Gushushanya: Theelectrodebashyuha cyaneubushyuhe(mubisanzwe hejuru ya 2,500 ° C) muburyo bwo gushushanyaitanura. Ibi bihindura amorphouskaruboneKuri kristuigishushanyoimiterere, kuzamuraamashanyarazinaubushyuheGukora.
• Imashini: Igishushanyoelectrodehanyuma bafashijwe muburyo busobanutse, harimo impera zikubita kugirango zihuze byinshielectrodehamwe.
• Kugenzura no Kwipimisha: ByarangiyeelectrodeGukora uburyo bukomeye bwo kugenzura kugirango bakemure neza ibisobanuro bifatika.

4. Ibintu byingenzi bya electrode ya graprote: Niki kibatera gukora?

Imikorere idasanzwe yaIbishushanyoni ibisubizo byihariye byumubiri na shimiUmutungo. Gusobanukirwa ibiUmutungoni ngombwa kugirango uhitemo iburyoelectrodekuri porogaramu yihariye. Ibintu byinshi byingenzi bigira uruhare mubikorwa byo hejuru bya aIgishushanyo cya electrode:

• Umutekano muremure w'amashanyarazi: Igishushanyoni aumuyobozi mwizay'amashanyarazi, yemerera Uwitekaelectrodekwimura nezaamashanyaraziubungubu kuriitanura. Ibiumutungoni ngombwa mu kubyara ubushyuhe busabwagushongatheibyuma.
• Imyitwarire myiza: Igishushanyoafite kandi byizaubushyuheItwara, ifasha gutandukanya ubushyuhe bwakozwe na ARC, kugabanya imihangayiko yubushyuhe no kurengeraelectrodeUbuzima.
• Imbaraga zo hejuru: IbishushanyoUgomba kwihanganira bifite akamaroGuhangayikishwaMugihe cyo gukora, harimo uburemere bwabo, imbaraga za ARC, hamwe no kugenda muriitanura.
• Kurwanya amashanyarazi make: MunsiKurwanyakugabanya igihombo cyingufu mugihe cyo gukora, kunoza Uwitekagukora nezayainzira yo gusebanya.
• Kurwanya indashyikirwa: Igishushanyoni urwanya okiside hejuruubushyuhe, kugabanya ibyo kurya no kwagura UwitekaelectrodeUbuzima bwa serivisi.
• Ingingo yoroheje: Igishushanyoifite cyaneIngingo yoroheje, kubikemerera kwihanganira hejuru cyaneubushyuhebyakorewe muriEaf.

5.

IbishushanyoKina uruhare runini mu kuzamura Thegukora nezayaamashanyarazi arc inzira yo gusebanya. Dore uburyo:

• Ibiciro byihuse: Uhp graprode, kuberako hejuru yaboamashanyarazinaubushyuheGushoboza KwihutagushongaIbiciro, bisobanurira mu mazi magufi kandi yiyongereyeumusaruro.
• Kugabanya ibiyobyabwenge: HasiKurwanya amashanyaraziyaIbishushanyokugabanya igihombo cyingufu, biganisha kuri byinshigukora nezaGukoreshaamashanyaraziimbaraga.
• Ubwiza bwo kunoza ibicuruzwa: Igenzura nyaryo ryaamashanyaraziarc yemerera kugenzura neza kuriinzira yo gusebanya, bivamoubuziranenge ibyumahamwe n'imiterere idahwitse.
• Amafaranga yo gukora: MugiheUhp graprodeBirashobora kugira igiciro kinini cyambere, ubuzima bwabo busanzwe kandi bugabanuka gukoresha ingufu bitanga umusanzu mugutanga amafaranga yo gukora muri rusange.
• Kuzamura itanura: Mugugabanya igihe cyo hasi no kwemerera ibihe byihuta,IbishushanyoOngera muri rusangeitanura umusaruro, emeraabaserikubyara byinshiibyumamu gihe runaka.
• Kugenzura neza: IterambereIbishushanyoEmerera byinshiibisobanuromuriinzira yo gusebanya, kugabanyakwanduzano kunozaubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa.

6. Guhitamo Iburyo Iburyo Amashanyarazi: Ibipimo byingenzi byo guhitamo

Guhitamo uburenganziraIgishushanyo cya electrodeni ngombwa kuri OptimalEafimikorere. Dore ibyo ukeneye gusuzuma:

• Ubwoko bw'itanura n'imbaraga: Ubwoko n'imbaraga zaEafni ibintu byibanze bigena ibikwiyeelectrodeamanota (urugero,Uhp, Hp, rp).Uhp graprodemubisanzwe bikoreshwa mubikomeye cyaneEafs.
• Ubucucike: Theelectrodeigomba gushobora gukemura ikibazo ntarengwa cyaitanura.
• IcyicaroUbwoko bwaibyumaGukorerwa bigira ingaruka kurielectrodeguhitamo. Bimweibyumainzira zisaba byihariyeelectrodeibiranga.
• Imigenzo ikora: Theitanuraimikorere ikora, nkibikoresho byo kwishyuza, ubwoko bwagusebanya, naGushonga, irashobora guhindura Uwitekaelectrodeimikorere.
• Diametrode: Hitamo anelectrodediameter ikwiranye nitanura ryawe hamwe namashanyarazi.
• Igipimo cyo gukoresha: Reba ibyateganijweelectrodeigipimo cyo gukoresha, ni umubare waelectrodeibyo bikoreshwa mugihe cyainzira yo gusebanya.

7. Gusobanukirwa amanota atandukanye yibishushanyo bya electrode (UHP, HP, RP): Ni ryari gukoresha?

Nkuko byavuzwe, hari amanota atatu yibanze yaIbishushanyo: Uhp, Hp, na rp, buri kimwe cyagenewe gusaba imbaraga:

• Uhp (ultra-horgenk): Ibi nibikorwa byinshielectrode, yagenewe gusaba cyaneEafibikorwa. Zirangwa nubushobozi bwabo bwo gutwara, hasiKurwanya, kandi byizaimbaraga za mashini. Uhp graprodezikoreshwa muri iki gihe, imbaraga-nyinshiEafs, aho byihusegushongakandi hejuruumusarurobasabwa.
• Hp (imbaraga nyinshi): Hpelectrodebirakwiriye kubisabwa hamwe nububasha buciriritse. Batanga uburimbane bwibiciro nibikorwa, bikabatera guhitamo bitandukanyeEafibikorwa. Hpelectrodebakunze gukoreshwa mukurengaitanuraibishushanyo.
• RP (imbaraga zisanzwe): Rpelectrodeni amanota yibanze kandi mubisanzwe akoreshwa muriEafshamwe n'imbaraga zo hasi. Bafite ubushobozi bwo hasi butwara ubungubu kandi biroroshye cyane gutandukana kuruta hp cyangwaUhp electrode. Rpelectrodebikunze gukoreshwa muri bitoitanuracyangwa kubwo gushonga ntabwo ari feriIbyuma.

Urufunguzo rwo guhitamo icyiciro cyiburyo ni uguhuza naelectrodeubushobozi bwo gukora hamwe naitanuraibisabwa imbaraga nibisabwa byihariye byainzira yo gusebanya.

8. Kugenzura ubuziranenge no Kwipimisha: Guharanira impinduka nziza-zishushanyije

Igenzura ryiza ni ngombwa muriIgishushanyo cya electrode ingandakwemeza imikorere ihamye no kwizerwa. Dore inzira nyamukuru yo kwipimisha no kugenzura:

• Ikizamini cya Raw: Theibikoresho fatizo, nka peterolicokenaCoke, ukinira ikizamini gikomeye kubitunganijwe, ingano yinshi, nibindi bifatikaUmutungo.
• Kugenzura igice: Buri umweelectrodeni usuzumye byimazeyo kugirango ugereranye neza, harimo diameter, uburebure, hamwe nibipimo byugari.
• Kwipimisha no kwipimisha: Theubucuciken'ubupfura bwaelectrodebipimwa no gusuzuma ubunyangamugayo bwabo no kurwanya okiside.
• Igipimo cy'amashanyarazi: TheKurwanya amashanyarazibipimwa kugirango umenye neza koelectrodeyujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa.
• Imbaraga Imbaraga: Theimbaraga za mashiniigeragezwa kugirango yemezeelectrodeirashobora kwihanganiraGuhangayikishwamugihe cyo gukora. Ibi birimo ibizamini byo kwikuramo imbaraga, imbaraga za kanseri, n'imbaraga zo mucyiciro.
• Ubushyuhe bwo kwipimisha: TheubushyuheGutegereza bigeragezwa kugirango ndebeelectrodeubushobozi bwo gutandukanya ubushyuhe.
• Kugenzura: Buri umweelectrodeiragenzurwa mu buryo butandukanye n'impande, chipi, n'ubusembwa bwo hejuru.
• Kwipimisha ultrasonic: UltrasonicKwipimisha birashobora gukoreshwa kugirango utange inenge zimbere zishobora kutagaragara hejuru.
• Kwipimisha kwangiza: Uburyo bumwe bwo gupima burasenya. Ibizamini byangiza birimo ibizamini birimo ivu, noguswera.

9. Ejo hazaza h'ishimwe rya electrode muri stalmaking: Udushya ninzira

TheIgishushanyo cya electrodeInganda zihora zihinduka, hamwe udushya dukomeje kandi tugenda neza:

• Ibikoresho byanonosowe: Ubushakashatsi bukomeza ku bikoresho bishya bya fatizo no gutunganya ibikorwa byo kuzamuraelectrodeImikorere, harimo no kunoza okiside,imbaraga za mashini, naamashanyaraziGukora.
• IHURIRO RY'INGENZI: Amagana mashya arimo gutezwa imbere kugirango urindeelectrodekuva kuri okiside no kugabanya ibiyobyabwenge.
• Automation na robotics: Theinzira yo gukorani Byihuse, hamwe no gukoresha imikoreshereze ya robo yo gufata no gufataelectrode.
• Digitalisation: Isesengura ryamakuru hamwe na sensor yubwenge irakoreshwa mugukurikiranaelectrodeimikorere, guhitamoitanuraimikorere, no guhanuraelectrodeUbuzima.
• Kuramba: Hariho kwibanda ku mikorere irambye muriIgishushanyo cya electrodeInganda, zirimo gukoresha ibikoresho zitunganijwe no kugabanya ingaruka zishingiye ku bidukikije.
• Ubundi Tekinoroji: MugiheIbishushanyoguma ikoranabuhanga ryiganje, ubushakashatsi burakomeje muburyo bundi bushya bwaibyuma, nka plasmaitanurano kwishyurwa gushyushya. Ariko,Ibishushanyobiteganijwe gukomeza gukurikizwaEafimikorere yigihe kizaza.
• Gusaba Gukura: YiyongereyeibyumaIbisabwa, cyane cyane mubukungu bwinjira, biteganijwe ko bizakomeza gukeneraIbishushanyo, cyane cyaneUhpamanota.

10. Aho wasanga abatanga isoko byizewe bya electrode nziza

Kubona Utanga isoko YizeweIfoto-nziza nzizani ngombwa kugirango umenye neza gutsindaEafibikorwa. Dore icyo ushaka:

• Uburambe n'icyubahiro: Hitamo utanga isoko hamwe na enterineti yagaragaye yo kubyaraIfoto-nziza nzizan'icyubahiro gikomeye muriinganda.
• Ibyemezo byiza: Shakisha abaguzi bafite ibyemezo bifatika, nka ISO 9001, byerekana ko biyemeje kugenzura ubuziranenge.
• Ubuhanga bwa tekinike: Utanga isoko agomba kugira itsinda rikomeye rya tekiniki rishobora gutanga inkunga nubuyobozi kurielectrodeGuhitamo, kwishyiriraho, no gukora.
• Ubushobozi bwumusaruro: Menya neza ko utanga umusaruro ufite ubushobozi buhagije bwo gukemura ibyo ukeneye muri iki gihe kandi ejo hazaza.
• Ibiciro: Mugihe ubwiza nibyingenzi, ibiciro byo guhatanira nabyo ni ngombwa.
• Serivise y'abakiriya: Hitamo utanga isoko atanga serivisi nziza zabakiriya, harimo igisubizo cyihuse kubibazo nigihe cyo gutanga amategeko.
• INGINGO: Baza uwatanze isoko kubindiibyumaurusyo cyangwaEafabakora bakoresha ibyaboelectrode.
• Sura uruganda: Niba bishoboka, sura uwabitanzeIbikoresho byo gukoraGusuzuma Igenzura ryizainziran'ubushobozi bw'umusaruro.

Mugusuzuma witonze ibyo bintu, urashobora guhitamo utanga isoko yizeweIbishushanyoIbyo bizagufasha kugera kubintu byizaEafimikorere no kugwiza ibyaweibyuma gukora neza.

Mw'isoko ryisi yose, ni byiza ko isoko yaweIbishushanyoKuva mu bihugu nk'Ubushinwa, ahoingandaUbushobozi nibiciro byo guhatanira akenshi birahungana. Ibi bituma ibigo nka Mark Thompson yabonaubuziranengeibicuruzwa mugihe utezimbere ibiciro byabo no kubungabunga inyungu.UbuziranengeGutesha agaciro ni urufunguzogukora neza.

Hano hari ibintu bike byingenzi ugomba gusuzuma mugihe uhisemo utanga isoko:

• Suzuma inzira yo gukora: Shakisha abatanga isoko bateye imbereingandaIbikoresho, kugenzura ubuziranengeinzira, n'ubushobozi bwo gutanga umusaruroelectrodekuba byujuje ubuziranenge mpuzamahanga.
• Umwete: Kora umukoro wawe. Kora ubushakashatsi ku mateka y'abatanga, umutekano w'amafaranga, no gusuzuma abakiriya.
• Itumanaho: Itumanaho ryiza ni ngombwa. Menya neza ko utanga isoko yitabira kugurisha asobanukirwa ibyo ukeneye kandi ashobora gutanga inkunga ku gihe. Ibi bizafasha kugabanya ibibazo byose byitumanaho cyangwa gutinda.
• Impamyabumenyi: Shyira imbere abatanga isoko bashobora gutanga ibyemezo bikenewe, nka ISOMERIWE, byerekana ko biyemeje ubuziranenge.
• Ibikoresho no kwishyura: Menya neza ko utanga isoko ashobora gucunga neza kandi atanga uburyo bwo kwishyura byoroshye kugirango byorohereze neza.

Mu kwibanda kuri izi ngingo zingenzi, ibigo birashobora kunyuramo ibintu bigoye byisi no gushaka abatanga isoko ryujuje ibyo bakeneye. Ubufatanye bwiza burashobora kuzamura ibyaboibyumaibikorwa.

• Wibande ku imurikagurisha: Imurikagurisha nkibintu byakiriwe nikoranabuhanga ryibyuma & Icyuma (AIST) ni ntagereranywa cyo kumenya ibishobora gutanga.
• Koresha Google Shakisha Google: Koresha ijambo ryibanze nka "igishushanyo cya electrode ya electrode Ubushinwa" kugirango ubone abatanga isoko bireba kumurongo.

Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, gusobanukirwaibipimoGuhitamo bizana neza cyaneubuziranenge bwibicuruzwakandi ugabanye ibibazo byose bishoboka.Ibishushanyomugire nezaamashanyaraziimitungo. Ibuka,Ibishushanyontabwo ari ibice gusa; ni abafatanyabikorwa bakomeye muriweibyumaintsinzi.

Incamake: Gufata

• Ibishushanyoni ngombwa kubigezwehoEAF ibyuma, Gushoboza ubushyuhe bukabijegushonganagutunganya ibyuma.
• Uhp graprodeni urwego rwo gukora cyane, cyiza cyaneEafs.
• Theinzira yo gukorani ikintu gikomeye.
• UrufunguzoUmutungoshyiramo hejuruamashanyarazinaubushyuheGukora,imbaraga za mashini, na okisideKurwanya.
• Guhitamo amanota yukuri ni ngombwa kurigukora nezanaumusaruro.
• Igenzura ryiza ni ngombwa mu kubungabunga imikorere no kwizerwa.
• Reba ibintu nkuburambe, impamyabumenyi, nubuhanga bwa tekiniki mugihe uhisemo uwatanze isoko.

Uhp graprodeni ibice byingenzi kuri buri weseamashanyarazi arcUmukoresha ureba hejurugukora nezakandi kubyara ubuziranengeibyuma. Gusobanukirwa imitungo yabo, amanota,inzira yo gukora, kandi ibipimo byo guhitamo bizagufasha kunoza ibyaweibyumaibikorwa no kugera ku ntego zawe. Hamwe nubumenyi bukwiye nuwatanga isoko iburyo, urashobora gukoresha imbaraga zaigishushanyogutwara ubucuruzi bwawe imbere. Niba uri urusyo rwicyuma, amashanyarazi arc umukoresha, urwango, isosiyete ya metallurgie, cyangwa igishushanyo cya electrode ya electrode ishakisha aubuziranengeno gutanga ibicuruzwa byaIbishushanyo, Twandikire Uyu munsiReka dugufashe. Turi aUruganda rwa electrodeHamwe n'imirongo 7 yumusaruro kandi ifite ibihugu byingenzi byoherezwa mu mahanga: Amerika, Amerika y'Amajyaruguru, Uburayi, na Ositaraliya. Dutanga ubuziranengeigishushanyoibikoresho, hasiKurwanya amashanyarazi, hejuruubushyuheGukora, okiside nzizaKurwanya, n'ibicuruzwa byafashwe neza mu manota atandukanye (urugero,Uhp, Hp), byose byubahiriza amahame mpuzamahanga. Reba kandi ibyacuImikorere yo hejuru yambere yatetse ya anode karubone.