Gufungura ubushobozi bwibishushanyo bya Pyrolytic: Ibintu na porogaramu

Igishushanyo cya Pyrolytic nuburyo budasanzwe bwibishushanyo hamwe numutungo udasanzwe, biga cyane cyane munganda nyinshi. Iyi ngingo isize ibiranga, umusaruro, hamwe nibisabwa bitandukanyeIgishushanyo cya Pyrolytic, kwerekana impamvu ari ibikoresho byo guhitamo kugirango usabe ibidukikije byikoranabuhanga. Tuzasesengura imiterere yihariye, imitungo yubushyuhe kandi yamashanyarazi, nuburyo ibi bigira uruhare mugukoresha muri byose kuva electronics kugera aerospace. Kubanyamwuga nka Mark Thompson, gusobanukirwa ibi birambuye birashobora gutanga impande zirushanwa kumasoko yisi yose.

1. Nibyiza mubyukuri pyrolytite?

Igishushanyo cya Pyrolyticni uburyo bwihariye, bukozwe n'abantu bwakozwe binyuze mubikorwa bita imyuka ya chimiqueKubitsa(CVD). Bitandukanye nigishushanyo nyamaza cyangwa igishushanyo kimwe,Igishushanyo cya Pyrolyticni ibikoresho bya polycrystalline, bivuze ko igizwe na kristu nyinshi nto. Ariko, aya makarito niireba cyane, gutangaIgishushanyo cya Pyrolyticbimwe bidasanzwe cyane. Ibikoresho bisa nibishushanyo byakozwe mugihe aHydrocarbongaze (nka metani) irashyuha cyaneubushyuhe bwinshimu kirere cya inert. Ibi bitera gazekubora, naAtoms yashyizwe kumurongo ukoresheje layer kuri asubstrate.

Iyi miterere yubatswe nurufunguzo rwo gusobanukirwaIgishushanyo cya Pyrolytic. Birasa no gufata impapuro nyinshi zoroshye. Urupapuro rwerekana urwego rwaumuringe, ahoAtoms irahujwe cyane muri sattice ya hexagonal. Izi mbogamizi ziri mu ndege zirakomeye (covalent), ariko iminyururu hagati yaIbishushanyoni intege nke cyane (van der waails imbaraga). Itandukaniro riri hagati yindege hagati yindege no hanze yindege, bitera ibikoresho kugiraanisotropy.

2. Igishushanyo cya Pyrolytite gikozwe gute? Reba muburyo bwo kubitsa.

Umusaruro waIgishushanyo cya Pyrolyticbikubiyemo inzira ihanitse izwi ku izina rya shimiKubika Vapor. Byingenzi, aHydrocarbongaze, nka metani (ch4), yatangijwe mucyumba cya vacuum kirimo asubstrate. Urugereko rurashyuha cyaneubushyuhe bwinshi, mubisanzwe murwego rwa 2000 ° C kugeza 3000 ° C. Ubu bushyuhe bukabije butera UwitekaHydrocarbongaze kurikubora- inzira izwi nkaPyrolyse.

Mu gihePyrolyse, theAtoms kuva muri gaze yangirika ishyirwa kurisubstrate. Atome tegura muburyo buteganijwe cyane, bushingiye ku gihimbaIgishushanyo cya Pyrolytic. Igipimo cyaKubitsa, ubushyuhe, hamwe nigitutu kiri imbere mucyumba byose bigenzurwa neza kugirango bigire ingaruka kumiterere yanyuma yaIgishushanyo cya Pyrolytic. Kugenzura ibipimo bituma kugirango udoda ibikoresho ubucucike,Ubushyuhe, n'ibindi biranga.
Ibi birashobora kubamoImpapuro za pyrolytic.

3. Nibihe bintu byingenzi byibishushanyo bya Pyrolytic?

Theimitungo yibishushanyo bya pyrolyticstem muburyo butaziguye, bushingiye cyane. Ibi bitera itandukaniro ryingenzi mumyitwarire yayo bitewe nubuyobozi. Hano hari ibintu byingenzi biranga:

• Anisotropy:Ibi birashoboka ko ari ikintu gisobanuraIgishushanyo cya Pyrolytic. Imitungo yayo ni icyerekezo cyane. Mu ndege y'ibice (mu ndege), bigaragaza ko ari byizaubushyuhenaImyitwarire y'amashanyarazi. Ariko, muriicyerekezo perpendicularku bice, iyi mitungo iragabanuka cyane.
• Imyitwarire myiza yubushyuhe (mu ndege): Igishushanyo cya Pyrolyticubwato budasanzweUbushyuheku ndege yacyo, ndetse irenga iz'umuringa kuriubushyuhe bwicyumba.
• Imbere yubushyuhe buke (perpendicular mu ndege):Ibinyuranye, byayoUbushyuhePerpendicular kubice ni bike cyane, bikabigira insulator nziza cyane muri icyo cyerekezo.
• Diamagnetism: Igishushanyo cya Pyrolyticni ikomeyeIbikoresho bya diamagnetic, bivuze ko irangamagneticimirima. Uyu mutungo nawo ni anisotropic.
• Ubushyuhe bwinshi:Irashobora kwihanganira cyaneubushyuhe bwinshiMu kirere cya inert nta gutesha agaciro.
• Impeta yimiti: Igishushanyo cya Pyrolyticni ugereranijeinert, kurwanya reaction hamwe n'imiti myinshi.

4. Kuki imiti ya Pyrolytic ishushanyije cyane cyane?

BidasanzweUbushyuhe bwumuriro bwibishushanyo bya PyrolyticMu ndege yacyo iterwa no kugenda neza kwa fonons (kunyeganyega) binyuze mu mugoziAtomumuyoboro. Bitekerezeho nkumuhengeri ugenda cyane ukoresheje ibintu bikomeye, byuzuye ibintu bifatanye kuruta uko uboshye, udahungabana. Ubumwe bwa covostrict muriumuringeIbice bitanga inzira isobanutse kuri ibi bigo byo gutembera hamwe no kurwanya bike. TheUbushyuheirashobora kugera ku gihe kigera kuri bitanu iy'umuringa.

Ariko, kubera ko ingwate hagati yaIbishushanyobafite intege nke (van der waails imbaraga), fonons ifite ikibazo cyo kohereza ubushyuhe hejuru yimigabane. Ibi birasobanura hasiUbushyuhemu cyerekezo cya perpendicular. Ibi bituma ibi bikoresho bikwiyeUbushyuhe.

5. Gushakisha anisotropie yibishushanyo bya Pyrolytic.

Anisotropy, nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, ni ikintu cyibanze cyaIgishushanyo cya Pyrolytic. Bisobanura ko imitungo yibikoresho itandukanye bite bitewe nubuyobozi. Iyi ni ingaruka zitaziguye zimiterere yacyo. Ikigereranyo cyiza ni inkwi: biroroshye cyane kunyura mu biti kuruta ibyangombwa.

Uku kwishingikiriza ningirakamaro kuri byinshi mubikorwa byayo. Kurugero, hejuruMu ndege yo mu ndegena perpendicularUbushyuheGira intego yo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe mubikoresho bya elegitoroniki, Gukuramo neza ubushyuhe kure yibice byoroshye mugihe ubitse kubibuza utundi turere. Ubushobozi bwokomeraibice byaIgishushanyo cya Pyrolytic, bisa nuburyoMikani isuku, nanone ibiti bivuye kuriyianisotropy.

6. Ni ubuhe buryo busanzwe bwo kwerekana amashusho ya Pyrolytic?

Umwiharikoimitungo yibishushanyo bya pyrolyticKora uburyo bukabije bwa porogaramu, inyinshi murizo zikoresha ubushyuhe bwa Anisotropique n'imitungo y'amashanyarazi. Ikoreshwa ryingenzi rikoresha harimo:

• Shyushya ubushyuhe nubushyuhe:InIbikoresho bya elegitoroniki, Igishushanyo cya Pyrolyticikoreshwa mugutandukanya nezaubushyuhe bwakozwen'ibigize, birinda gusura no gukora ibikorwa byizewe.
• Cricubible na molds:Kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi nububiko bwa chimique bituma bigira ibikoresho bikwiye kubambwa bikoreshwa mubushyuhe bwa meturgical.
• Monochrators:Ikoreshwa cyane muri x-ray, na neutron monowromator.
• Porogaramu y'ibinyabuzima:Bioitamogetage yatumye habaho imbaraga zimwe na zimwe.
• Ibigize Aerospace:Ubushyuhe bwayo buhamye hamwe na kamere yoroheje ikora agaciro muri porogaramu ya Aerospace.
• Sikana Microscopy:Pyrolytit igishushanyo, cyane cyaneIgishushanyo gishushanyije cyane Pyrolytit, ikoreshwa nka asubstratekuriGusikanaMicroscopy (stm) kubera ubuso bwacyo, bune. Irashobora gusunikwa inshuro nyinshi.

7. Igishushanyo cya pyrolytic mubikoresho bya elegitoroniki na semicondu.

MuriIbikoresho bya elegitoronikinasemiconductoringanda,Igishushanyo cya Pyrolyticbigira uruhare rukomeye mu micungire yubushyuhe. Amashanyarazi agezweho atanga ubushyuhe bwinshi, kandi gutandukana neza ni ngombwa kugirango imikorere no kuramba.Igishushanyo cya Pyrolytic'BidasanzweMu ndege yo mu ndegebituma bikora ibintu byiza byo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe kure yibibanza bishyushye, nko gutunganira nimbaraga za amplifiers.

Byongeye kandi, hasiUbushyuhePerpendicular mu ndege ifasha gutandukanya ubushyuhe, kubibuza ingaruka zigize ibice byerekeranye. Kamere yoroheje, yoroheje yaImpapuro za pyrolyticBituma biba byiza kugirango bikoreshwe mubikoresho bya elegitoroniki aho umwanya ari muto. Ibikoresho bizanakoreshwa muriIngirabuzimafatizokuriKubika ingufu.

8. Nigute pyrolytite igereranya nubundi buryo bwibishushanyo?

Mugihe uburyo bwose bwibishushanyo basangiye imiterere yibanze ya karubone,Igishushanyo cya Pyrolyticigaragara kubera imiterere yacyo iteganijwe cyane, yumvikanye. Ibi bitanga imitungo itandukanye ugereranije nubundi bwoko, nka:

• Igishushanyo gisanzwe:Yacukuwe ku isi, igishushanyo gisanzwe gifite imiterere idateganijwe kurutaIgishushanyo cya Pyrolytic, bivamo hepfoubushyuhenaImyitwarire y'amashanyarazi.
• Igishushanyo gisanzwecyangwaIgishushanyo:Ibi mubisanzwe byakozwe kuvakarubonena bunder, hanyuma batetse kandi bashushanyije. Ifite uburyo butandukanye bwa Isotropic (imitungo isa muburyo bwose) ugereranije naIgishushanyo cya Pyrolytic.
• GrafeN:MugiheIgishushanyo cya Pyrolyticbigizweumuringeibice, urwego rumweumuringeifite ni ibintu bidasanzwe. Ariko, kubyara impapuro nini, zifite inengeumuringeakomeje kuba ingorabahizi.

Kugereranya ibi bikoresho byombi,Igishushanyo cya Pyrolyticyibasiye uburinganire hagati yimikorere no gukora, bikaguma amahitamo afatika kubisabwa byinshi. RebaGuhagarika imbaragaurupapuro rwibicuruzwa.

9. Ni ubuhe buryo bugarukira n'ingorane zo gukoresha amashusho ya Pyrolytic?

Nubwo ari inyungu nyinshi,Igishushanyo cya Pyrolyticbifite aho bigarukira:

• Ubuntu:Birashobora kuvunika kandi bikunze kuvunika, cyane cyane ku ndege ya spavage.
• Igiciro:Inzira ya CVD irashobora kuba ihenze, gukoraIgishushanyo cya Pyrolyticbihenze kuruta ubundi buryo bumwe bwibishushanyo.
• Imashini:Nubwo bishobora gukoreshwa, kamere yayo ya anisotropic irashobora gutuma itoroshye kugera ku miterere myiza no kwihanganira. TheCrystallsationnaInhomoGeneityirashobora gukora ibi.
• Okidation ku bushyuhe bwinshi:Nubwo uhagaze mu kirere cya inert,Igishushanyo cya Pyrolyticirashobora kunyerera (reba ogisijeni) kuriubushyuhe bwo hejuruMu kirere, bigabanya imikoreshereze mubyiciro byimisozi miremire bidafite aho birinda. Bigomba kubikwa hepfo400 ° C..

10. Kazoza k'ibishushanyo bya Pyrolytic: Gusaba no gukora ubushakashatsi.

Ubushakashatsi bukomeje gushakisha ibyifuzo bishya kandi bishimishije kuriIgishushanyo cya Pyrolytic. Ibice by'inyungu birimo:

• Ubuyobozi buhanitse:Nkuko ibikoresho bya elegitoronike bikomeje kugabanuka no gukomera, hakenewe gusakuza ibisubizo byubushyuhe bikora neza bizatera imbereIgishushanyo cya Pyrolytic-ibikoresho.
• Kubika ingufu:YayoImyitwarire y'amashanyaraziImiterere yumviyeho ituma irashobora gukoresha muri bateri yateye imbere na supercacitors. Ibikoresho biriinert.
• Sensor:Umutungo wacyo wihariye urimo gukorwaho iperereza kugirango ukoreshe muburyo butandukanye bwa sensor.
• Ubwubatsi busanzwe:Ubundi bushakashatsi muri biocompaget irashobora kuganisha kubisabwa bishya mubikoresho byubuvuzi no ku mutima.
  * Ubushakashatsi bwa molekileAbahanga mu butaka bakoresha Hopg nkumutwe wo kwiga ibintu bitandukanyemolekile ihumura. Hopg itanga anhejuru yubusaNdetse na nyuma yo kuguma muriikirere cyamasaha. Substrate irashoboraGuhungabanya molekile ** no gutanga indege iyobora.
• NanoStureurture: TheNanoStureurturebyagaragaye ko byerekanasemiconductingimyitwarire.

Urufunguzo rufata: Icyaha cya Pyrolytic

• Igishushanyo cya Pyrolyticni uburyo budasanzwe bwibishushanyo hamwe nuburyo buteganijwe cyane, bwumvikanye.
• Yerekana bidasanzweanisotropy, hamwe no hejuruubushyuhenaImyitwarire y'amashanyaraziMu ndege y'ibishyimbo ndetse n'umurongo muto wa perpendicular mu ndege.
• Byakozwe binyuze mumitsi mibiKubitsa (Pyrolyse), inzira yemerera kugenzura imitungo yayo.
• Porogaramu nyamukuru zirimo gushushanya ubushyuhe, Cricubles, ibice bya Aerospace, hamwe na Microscopi.
• Nibintu byingenzi muriIbikoresho bya elegitoronikina semicondu gutsindira imiyoborere yubushyuhe.
• Mugihe bihenze kuruta ubundi buryo bumwe bwibishushanyo, imitungo yayo idasanzwe isobanura imikoreshereze yacyo mugusaba ibyifuzo.
• Ubushakashatsi bukomeje burimo gushakisha ibyifuzo bishya mububiko bwingufu, sensor, hamwe nubuhanga busanzwe.
• Wibuke gushakisha ibyacuIsuku ndende 99.9% Ifu ya GrapynaIgishushanyo kinini cyo kurwanya ubushyuhe buke cyane bwo gushongaimpapuro z'ibicuruzwa.
• Dutekereze kuri weweibikoresho bya electrodeibikenewe.
  Igishushanyo mbonerasisitemuhejuru yaIshiraho impapuro za Grafeneni yo nyirabayazana w'amashanyaraziGutwara hamwegushikama.
• Ni ngombwa kumvadelocalised π-bondhagati y'impapurogufata ibyemezo biboneye.