Ibishushanyo mbonera: guhamya amatara ya arc arc itanura ryicyuma hamwe nimbaraga nyinshi zubukanishi

Murakaza neza kwisi ya noneibyumaGukora! Niba warigeze kwibaza uburyo byinshiscrap ibyumaByahinduwe mubicuruzwa bishya, bifite ireme, uri ahantu heza. Umukinnyi wingenzi muriyi nzira itangaje niIgishushanyo cya electrode. Iyi ngingo iziba cyane mubintu aIgishushanyo cya electrodeni, impamvu ari ngombwa kuriamashanyarazi arc(EAF) ibikorwa, nuburyo bifashagushonga ibyumaneza. Tuzasesengura urugendo kuvaIbikoresho bya Rawkurangizaelectrode, sobanukirwa ubwoko butandukanye, hanyuma urebe imbaraga zidasanzwe zaamashanyarazi arc. Kubantu bose muriibyumaInganda, kuva ba nyiryine nka Mark Thompson muri Amerika kubashinzwe gutanga amasoko, gusobanukirwaIgishushanyo cya electrodeni ngombwa gukora neza kandi bifite akamaroEAF ibyuma. Twifatanye natwe, Allen, Kuva ku kuyoboraUruganda rwa electrode yumwugaMubushinwa, uko duhishura amabanga inyuma yibi bice byingenzi birataimbaraga zo hejuruno gutwaraibyumagusubiramo impinduramatwara. Iki gice gikwiye gusoma kuko byoroshya inzira zigoye kandi zitanga ubushishozi bwo gushakisha cyangwa gukoreshaIbishushanyo.

Niki rwoseIgishushanyo cya electrodeIkoreshwa muri anAmashanyarazi arc?

A Igishushanyo cya electrodeni inkingi nini, silindrike ikozwe mubishushanyo byo kurandura hejuru. Bitekerezeho nk'ikaramu nini, ikomeye-ikomeye, ariko aho kwandika, yagenewe gutwara byinshiamashanyaraziimbaraga. Ibielectrodeni ikintu gikomeye muriamashanyarazi arc(EAF) Ibikorwa, bikoreshwa cyane cyane gushongascrap ibyumanaicyuma. Akazi k'ibanze ka aIgishushanyo cya electrodeniamashanyarazimu itanura. Iyo ubu bubashaAmashanyarazi ararenganabinyuze murielectrodehanyuma usimbukire kuri Metallic yishyure (thescrap ibyuma), irema anamashanyarazi arc. Ibiarcni ishyushye idasanzwe, isohokaIngufu z'amashanyarazi, nkinkuba igenzurwa na bolt.

Theubushyuhe bukabijebyakozwe nibiarc, Kugeraubushyuheya kugeza3000 dogere celseescyangwa no hejuru, nibyo bishongascrap ibyumaimbere muriamashanyarazi arc. Rero,Igishushanyo cya electrodentabwo itwara imbaraga gusa; Nigikoresho gifasha itanurakubyaratheubushyuhe bukeneweguhindura icyuma gifatika muri aibyumakwiyuhagira. Hatariho Uwizewe kandi UhejuruIgishushanyo cya electrode, yoseEAF ibyumainzira ntibyashoboka. Ibielectrodebyateguwe cyane kwihanganira ibintu bikabije muri anamashanyarazi arc, harimo ubwoba bwinshi bwumuriro hamwe nibidukikije byoroshye. Ibisobanuroibihimbanono gukora kuri buriIgishushanyo cya electrodeni urufunguzo rw'imikorere yacyo.

A Igishushanyo cya electrodenicyo kintu kirenze umuyobozi gusa; Nigikoresho gikoreshwa gikina anUruhare rudasanzwemuriinzira yo gusebanya. TheIbishushanyo bya electrode ikoreshwamuri seti, mubisanzwe muri bitatu, muri ac (guhinduranyaikigezweho) amashanyarazi arc. Theimitereren'ubunini bwaIgishushanyo cya electrodeirashobora gutandukana bitewe nubushobozi bwamatanura hamwe nubusobanuro bwihariyeimikorereibisabwa. Guhitamo uburenganziraIgishushanyo cya electrodeni ngombwa kugirango utegure imbaragagukoreshano kunoza theibisohokayaamashanyarazi arc.

Kuki Uwiteka ariIgishushanyo cya electrodeimfurukaEAF ibyumaKuriGushonga Ibyuma?

TheIgishushanyo cya electrodeni ishingiro rwose kuriEAF ibyumaKuberako nuburyo bwonyine bufatika bwo gutanga colossalIngufu z'amashanyarazibisabwagushongatoni yascrap ibyuman'ibindi bikoresho by'icyuma. Muri anamashanyarazi arc, theIbishushanyokora nkibintu byo gushyushya. Ubushobozi bwabo bwo kuyobora cyaneAmashanyaraziubucucike no guhindura ibiamashanyaraziimbaraga muriubushyuhe bukabijeBinyuze muriarcnibyo bituma inzira zose zimeze. Ibiubushyuhe no gushongaUbushobozi nibyingenzi kugirango dusubiremoibyuma, urufatiro rwo gukora neza.

Tekereza kugeragezagushongamoteri y'imodoka cyangwa ibiti bishaje. Ukeneye umubare udasanzwe wibanzeubushyuhe. TheIgishushanyo cya electrodekubigeraho mugukora anarcibyo birashyushye kuruta ubuso bwizuba mugihe gito aho itunganyascrap. Iyi porogaramu itaziguyeubushyuheni byiza cyane. TheIgishushanyo cya electrodeubwabwo agomba gutunga ibintu bidasanzwe:Umutekano muremure w'amashanyarazikugabanya igihombo cyingufu naKurwanya ubushyuhemurielectrodeubwayo, hejuruubushyuheguhungabanaKurwanyaKurwanya byihuseubushyuheimpinduka, kandi bihagijeimbaraga za mashinikwirinda gutandukana mugiheimikorereno gukora. Ibi bintu byemeza nezaIgishushanyo cya electrodeirashobora gukora akazi gasaba.

Byongeye kandi, theEAF ibyumainzira, kwishingikiriza cyane kuriIgishushanyo cya electrode, itanga inyungu zikomeye zishingiye ku bidukikije hejuru yuburyo butuje butarimoibyuma. Eafscyanegushonga scrap ibyuma, kugabanya gukenera isugiIbikoresho bya Rawno kugabanya imyuka ihumanya. TheIgishushanyo cya electrodeni rero igishobora gushoboza greeneribyumaumusaruro. ThegukoreshayaIgishushanyo cya electrodeni ikintu, ariko uruhare rwarwo muguhitamo ingufu neza kurigushongathescrapnagutunganyatheibyumaniNtabyingenzi. Nta mikorere ikomeye ya aIgishushanyo cya electrode, kugera kubyo wifuzaubushyuhenaicyuma cyashongeshejweubuziranenge muri anamashanyarazi arcntibishoboka.

Nigute anAmashanyarazi arcKoresha aIgishushanyo cya electrodeKuriGushonga Scrap?

Anamashanyarazi arc(EAF) mubyukuri ni inkono nini, itunganijwe nezagushongaAmafaranga y'icyuma, cyane cyanescrap ibyuma, ariko nanone rimwe na rimwe bitandukanijweicyuma(DR) cyangwa ibyuma bishyushye. Inzira itangirana no gupakira itanura hamwescrap. Bimaze gupakirwa, igisenge kiremereye, gitwajeIbishushanyo(mubisanzwe bitatu), yazungurutse ahantu hamwe naelectrodeGumanura kuriscrap. Aha niho amarozi yaIgishushanyo cya electrodeIza gukina.

Hejuruvoltage Amashanyarazihanyuma arenga muriIbishushanyo. Nk'isonga rya anelectrodeyegera cyane kuri metallicscrap, cyangwa undielectrodeMubogamiye, theamashanyaraziItandukaniro rishobora kuba rikomeye kuburyo UwitekaIbinyuranyeunyuze mu kirere (cyangwa ikirere kiri mu itanura), ionizing kandi bigakoraamashanyarazi arc. Ibiarcni umucyo mwinshi kandi ushyushye cyane. Theubushyuhebyakozwe nibiarc(na naKurwanyayascrapubwayo kuriikigezweho) ibisobanuro bitaziguye kuristeel, bitumaubushyuhehejuru byihuse kandigushonga. TheIgishushanyo cya electrodeni ingenzi kuri ibiinzira ya arcibisekuru.

Nkascrap gushonga, theIbishushanyobuhoro buhoro hafashwe mu itanura, kubungabungaarcno gukomeza inzira yo gushonga kugeza byosescrapihinduka ikidendezi cyaibyuma. Umukoresha ugenzura neza imbaraga (ikigezwehonavoltage) yatanzwe kuriIgishushanyo cya electrodesisitemu yo gucunga igipimo cyashonga kandiubushyuhe. Muri iki gikorwa, theIgishushanyo cya electrodeubwayo irya buhoro buhoro kubera hejuruubushyuhen'imyanda. Imikorere yaamashanyarazi arcni uguhuzwa cyane nubwiza kandi bukwiye bwa buriIgishushanyo cya electrode, nkuko bitaziguyeGushobozaihinduka ryaIngufu z'amashanyarazimu mbaraga zubushyuhe zikenewekubyara steel.

Niki gitangaje igishushanyo cyizaIbikoresho bya Rawkuri anElectrodemu majyaruguru-UbushyuheIbyuma?

Igishushanyo cyatoranijwe nkaIbikoresho bya RawKuri ibyo bikomeyeelectrodekubwimpamvu nyinshi zikomeye, zose zituruka kumubiri idasanzwe kandiimitiimitungo. Ubwa mbere, igishushanyo cyirata bidasanzweUmutekano muremure w'amashanyarazi. Ibi bivuze ko ishobora gutwara amafaranga menshiAmashanyarazibikenewe kugirango ugire imbaragaarchamwe na mibiriamashanyarazi Kurwanyamurielectrodeubwayo, bityo kugabanya igihombo cyingufu nkuko udashakaubushyuhemurielectrode. Iyi mikorere ningirakamaro kubiciro-byiza byaEAF ibyuma.

Icya kabiri, igishushanyo gifite ubusonga bwihuse (cyangwa ahubwo, kuganduka) - hejuru3000 dogere celsees. Ibi bitumaIgishushanyo cya electrodegukora kuri bikabijeubushyuhebyakozwe naamashanyarazi arcutiriwe wishongora. Irashobora kwihanganira Uwitekaubushyuhe bukabijekurielectrodeINGINGO ahoarcYashinzwe. Hamwe nibi ni byizaubushyuheguhungabanaKurwanya. TheIgishushanyo cya electrodeInararibonyeubushyuheimpinduka, cyane cyane iyo iarciratangizwa cyangwa iyo yakuweho. Igishushanyo kirashobora gukemura ibibazo nta guswera cyangwa kunanirwa, byingenzi kugirango byoroshyeimikoreremuriamashanyarazi arc.

Icya gatatu, igishushanyo gifite ibyizaimbaraga za mashini, cyane cyane kuriubushyuhe bwo hejuru. Nubwo bisa nkaho bihuye kubikoresho bizwiho gukoreshwa mumakaramu, igishushanyo mbonera cyinganda, cyane cyane ubwoko bwakozwe kuvaCokecyangwa ubuziranengeCotroleum Cokekandi bakorerwaGushushanya, birakomeye cyane. Izi mbaraga ni ngombwa kugirango ushyigikire uburemere bwigihe kirekireelectrodeinkingi no guhangana n'imbaraga za electromagnetic nubushake bwamashanyarazi mugihe cyagushongainzira. Byongeye kandi, igishushanyo kiroroshye kwimashini muri silindrike nzizaimitererena sokorked portike isabwaIbishushanyo. TheUbushyuhe bwo gushushanyaikoreshwa mugukora ibielectrodeni ikintu cyingenzi mugushikira ibintu byifuzwa. Uku guhuzaUmutekano muremure w'amashanyarazi, hejuru-ubushyuheGuhagarara,ubushyuhekwihangana, no bihagijeimbaraga za mashiniGukora igishushanyoNtabyingenziibikoresho kuri buri weseelectrodeigeneweEafs.

Hariho amanota atandukanye yaIgishushanyo cya electrodekuri bitandukanyeAmashanyarazi arcUkeneye?

Yego rwose! Ntabwo aribyoseamashanyarazi arcibikorwa ni bimwe, kandi ntabwo aribyo byoseIbishushanyo. Ibishushanyomuri rusange bashyizwe mubyiciroUbwoko butatucyangwa amanota ashingiye kumiterere yabo nimbaraga zisabwa itanura zigenewe. Izi ngeso ni: Imbaraga zisanzwe (RP), imbaraga nyinshi (HP), na ultra-imbaraga zo hejuru (UHP). GuhitamoamanotaIngaruka zitaziguye itanura ryamatanura,electrode gukoreshaigipimo, kandi umusaruro muri rusange.

1. Imbaraga zisanzwe (rp) gushushanya electrode:

   • Ibielectrodebikozwe mu bwiza busanzweCotroleum Coke.
   • Bafite hejuruamashanyarazi Kurwanyano hepfoUbucucikeubushobozi ugereranije na hp na uhpelectrode.
   • Rp Ibishushanyomubisanzwe bikoreshwa muri bitoAmashanyarazi archamwe nubutegetsi buke, akenshi kugirango ushongeicyumaGutakaza cyangwa kugabanyaibyumaPorogaramu.
   • Igikorwa cyabo cyo gukora, harimoUbushyuhe bwo gushushanya, ntibikabije.
   • Urashobora kubona byinshi kuri bo hano:Igishushanyo gisanzwe cyamashanyarazi.

2. Imbaraga ndende (HP) Ibishushanyo:

   • Hp electrodebakozwe hakoreshejwe ibikoresho byibanze byibiciro byibiciro byibiciro, akenshi uruvange rwaCotroleum Cokena bimweCoke.
   • Barashobora kwihanganira hejuruikigezwehoubucucike kandi butange nezaubushyuheguhungabanaKurwanyakurutaRp electrode.
   • IbiIbishushanyobirakwiriyeAmashanyarazi arcikora murwego rwohejuru, mubisanzwe bikoreshwakubyara steely'amanota atandukanye.
   • ThekudahindukaInzira ikunze gukoreshwa mugutezimbere ubucucike bwabo n'imbaraga zabo.

3. Ultra-Imbaraga Zisumbuye (UHP) hashushanyije:

   • Uhp graprodeguhagararira pinsecle yaelectrodeikoranabuhanga. Bakozwe hafi gusa kuva muri Premium-amanotaCoke, ifite imiterere ya kirisiti cyane.
   • Ibielectrodegutunga hasiamashanyarazi Kurwanya(ibisobanuroKurwanya hasi), hejuruUbucucikeubushobozi, buhebubashaimbaraga zo hejuru, kandi irengaubushyuheguhungabanaKurwanya.
   • Uhp IbishushanyoniNtabyingenzikuri bigezweho, umusaruro mwinshiAmashanyarazi arcikorera murwego rwo hejuru cyane, nkibi bimenyereyekunukaubwinshi bwascrapvuba kandi nezakubyara ibyuma birebire.
   • Inganda zabo zirimo hejuru cyaneGushushanya ubushyuhekugirango ugere kumiterere yifuzwa.
   • Kubikorwa bisaba ibikorwa, anUltra-Imbaraga Zisumbuye Igishushanyoakenshi ni amahitamo meza.

Guhitamo nezaamanotayaIgishushanyo cya electrodeni ngombwa. Ukoresheje anRp electrodemu itanura rya uhp ryatera kwihutagukoreshakandi birashoboka ko yamenetse, mugihe ukoresha aUhp electrodeMu itanura rito ridashobora kuba ryiza. Nka auruganda, dukorana cyane nabakiriya bacu, nka Mark Thompson, kugirango bahitemo neza.Igishushanyo cya electrode amanotaKuriikositimuyihariyeamashanyarazi arc imikorerekandi ubafashe kugera kuringaniza neza hagati yimikorere kandielectrode gukoresha.

AbanyambaragaArc: Nigute aIgishushanyo cya electrodeKubyaraUbushyuheKuriGushonga Ibyuma?

Theamashanyarazi arcni umutima waamashanyarazi arc, naIgishushanyo cya electrodenibyo bitumaarcbirashoboka. Inzira ni kwerekana bishimishije bya fiziki. Iyo ari hejuruAmashanyarazi(Akenshi ibihumbi icumi bya amperes kuri anAcitanura) bitangwa kuriIgishushanyo cya electrode, kandi inama yacyo yashyizwe hafi yicyuma gitwara nezascrap(cyangwa undielectrode), theamashanyaraziUmwanya mu cyuho kiba gikomeye. Uyu murima ukomeye wambura electron muri atome ya gaze mu cyuho (umwuka, cyangwa itanura ry'itanura), bitera inzira ya gaze ya ionised, uzwi kandi ku izina rya Plasma.

Iyi nzira imaze gushingwa, iAmashanyarazi ararenganaBinyuzemo, Gukora isohoka rikomeje - theamashanyarazi arc. Ibiarcni ibintu bidasanzwe kandi bishyushye cyane. Theubushyuhe muri arcPlasma irashobora kugera ku bihumbi byinshidogere celsees, kurenza kure ingingo yo gushonga yaibyuma(hafi 1500 ° C). TheIgishushanyo cya electrodeUruhare ni ugukomeza ibiarcMugukomeza gutangaIngufu z'amashanyarazi. TheIbishushanyo bya electrode kubyaraibiubushyuhebigenzurwa neza.

Theubushyuhekwimura kuriscrap ibyumabibaho binyuze muburyo butandukanye:

• Imirasire itaziguyeKuva kuriarcinkingi ubwayo.
• ConvectionNkuko imyuka ishyushye mu itanura rikwirakwiza.
• GukoraahoarcAboheye kuriscrap.
• Kurwanya KurwanyamuriscrapnkaikigezwehoBinyuze muri yo.

TheIgishushanyo cya electrodeyagenewe kwibanda kuri ubu buniniubushyuhekuriscrapneza. Theelectrodeinama irashyushye cyane ariko ntabwogushongakubera imitungo ya graveite. Imbaraga zigenzurwa naarc, gucungwa no guhindura Uwitekaikigezwehobinyuze muriIgishushanyo cya electroden'umwanya wacyo, yemerera abakora kugenzura neza inzira yo gushonga no kuzana UwitekaibyumaKuriubushyuhenaibihimbanoKurigutunganyaBibyifuzaamanotayaibyuma. Ubushobozi bwaIgishushanyo cya electrodegukora no gukomeza imbaraga zikomeyearcNukuri niki giteraEAF ibyumainzira.

Nigute ubuziranengeIgishushanyo cya electrodeKuzamura imikorere muriAmashanyarazi arc?

UbuziranengeIgishushanyo cya electrodeni umukino-uhindura imikorere ya anamashanyarazi arc. Iyo tuvuze ubuziranenge, turimo kuvuga ibiranga nka hasiamashanyarazi Kurwanya, hejuruubushyuheItwaramico, IbyizaubushyuheguhungabanaKurwanya, naimbaraga zo hejuru. Ibi bintu, duharanira gutunganya muri buriIgishushanyo cya electrodekuva muruganda rwacu, sobanura neza inyungu zifatika kuriibyumaUmukora.

Ubwa mbere, munsiamashanyarazi KurwanyamuriIgishushanyo cya electrodebisobanura bikeIngufu z'amashanyarazini ubusaubushyuhemurielectrodeubwayo. Byinshi byatanzweamashanyaraziyagiye gushingaarcno gushongascrap, biganisha ku kugabanuka muri rusangegukoreshakuri ton yaibyumabyakozwe. Iki nikiguzi gikomeye cyo kuzigama, cyane cyane hamwe nibiciro byingufu zihindagurika. IbyizaIgishushanyo cya electrodeikora nezaumuyobozi.

Icya kabiri, superubushyuheguhungabanaKurwanyanaimbaraga za mashinigabanya amahirwe yaelectrodegusenyuka cyangwa kuguca (gukata hejuru). Kumeneka ni umutwe ukomeye muriEAF ibyuma- Bitera gutinda gukora, birashobora kwangiza itanura, kandi bigatera kwiyongeraIgishushanyo cya electrode gukoresha. UrufunguzoIgishushanyo cya electrodeuhereye ku kigerourugandaMugabanye izo ngaruka, ifata neza, ikomezaimikorere. Ibi ni ngombwa cyaneImbaraga-Imbaraga Zihejuru ElectrodePorogaramu aho imihangayiko ifite akamaro.

Hanyuma, ubuziranenge buhamye muri aIgishushanyo cya electrodebisobanura imikorere ihanuwe. Ibi bitumaibyumaAbakora ibihingwa kugirango basobanure imyirondoro yabo kandi bigabanye impinduka muriinzira yo gusebanya. Biteganijweelectrode gukoreshaIbiciro bifasha kandi gucunga neza. Kurugero, ukoreshejeHp na uhp Ibishushanyobikozwe muri premiumCokeirashobora kuzamura cyaneibisohokan'imbaraga zigezwehoEafs, kubikemereragushonga scrapbyihuse kandikubyara ibyuma birebireubukungu. Gushora mubwizaIgishushanyo cya electrodeni ishoramari mubikorwa rusange no kunguka byamashanyarazi arc.

Niki kigira ingarukaGukoreshaIgipimo cya aIgishushanyo cya electrodeMu gihe cyaIbyuma GushongaInzira?

ThegukoreshayaIgishushanyo cya electrodemu gihe cyaibyuma gushongainzira muri anamashanyarazi arcni ikintu gikomeye kubiciro byibikorwa. Ibintu byinshi bigira uruhare muburyo bwihuseelectrodeikoreshwa. Gusobanukirwa ibi birashobora gufasha abakora kugabanyagukoreshano kunoza imikorere. Imwe mu mpamvu nyamukuru zagukoreshani Amashuri Yitaruye: Birakabijeubushyuhe bwinshikuriarcUmugereka utanga igishushanyo cyo guhindukira kiva kuri gaze. Iki nigice kidashobora kwirindwa cyainzira ya arcgushyushya.

Ikindi kintu gikomeye ni okiside. Ubuso bushyushye bwaIgishushanyo cya electrode, cyane cyane igice cyerekanwe nitanura hejuru yagusebanyaumurongo, reacts hamwe na ogisijeni na karuboni dioxyde, biganisha kurigukoresha. Iyi niyo mpamvu itanura ryimweikoreshwaimbaho ​​zikonjesha amazi cyangwa amatara yihariye kuricooltheelectrodeimpande no kugabanya okiside. Imitiibihimbanoyagusebanyakandi ikirere cyatanura nacyo kigira uruhare. UmunyamahaneGukubitaImyitozo cyangwa ikirere cyinshi cya okisifuro gishobora kwihutaIgishushanyo cya electrode gukoresha.

Ibibazo byubukanishi nabyo ni nyirabayazana. Gusenyuka kwaIgishushanyo cya electrodekubera gufata nabi, kunyeganyega gukabije, bidahungabanascrapamafaranga (biganisha ku buvumo bushobora gukubitaelectrode), cyangwa guhuza nabielectrodeIbice birashobora gutuma habaho igihombo gikomeyeelectrodeibikoresho. Ubwiza bwaIgishushanyo cya electrodeubwayo ni igihe kinini; Ibintu nk'igituba, imbaraga, n'ubwiza bwaIbikoresho bya Raw(nkaCokenaCotroleum Coke) Ingaruka zitaziguyeKurwanyaKuri ubushyuhe nubu buryo, bityo bigira ingaruka kurigukoreshaigipimo. Byongeye kandi, theimikorereIbipimo byaamashanyarazi arc, nkaUbucucike, umwirondoro winjiza imbaraga, nigihe cyaubushyuhe, byose bigira uruhare runiniIgishushanyo cya electrodeibikoresho biribwa kuri toni yaibyumabyakozwe. Kugenzura witonze kuri ibyo bintu, uhujwe no gukoresha ubuziranengeIbishushanyo, ni urufunguzo rwo gucungagukoresha.

EAF ibyumaImirongo gakondo: theIgishushanyo cya electrodeURUHARE

Amashanyarazi arc itanura.Igishushanyo cya electrodeni kumutima wubu buryo bugezweho. Uburyo gakondo bukoreshwa cyane cyaneibyumank'ibyingenziIbikoresho bya Raw, kuyihinduraicyumamu itanura ryaturika, ritunganijweibyumamuri bof. Iyi ni inzira ihambaye hamwe na karubone nini ya karubone.

Ibinyuranye,EAF ibyumaahanini ikoreshascrap ibyumank'ibiryoIbikoresho bya Raw. Aha nihoIgishushanyo cya electrodekumurika.Eafs ikoreshwa Ibishushanyo bya electrode kubyaraanamashanyarazi arc, gutangaubushyuhe bukabijebikenewe kurigushongathesteelnagutunganyaNi. Ubu buryo bwo gutunganya-centric bivuze koEafsirashoborakubyara steelhamwe nu myanda yibyuka byoroshye (kugeza kuri 75% bike) ugereranije na bf-bof inzira, bikagira inzira nziza cyanekubyara steel. TheIgishushanyo cya electrodenibyingenzi byingenzi byumubiri winshuti ibidukikije, gukora nkibanzeisokoGuhindura.

GuhindukaEafs, byoroherejwe nubugenzuzi busobanutse butangwa naIgishushanyo cya electrodeIbitekerezo byimbaraga, ni ikindi cyingenziakarusho. Barashobora gutangira bagahagarara byoroshye kuruta itanura ryaka, bigatuma bikwiranye no ku isoko ryihindagurika bihindagurika no gutandukanascrapkuboneka. Barashobora kandi gutanga urugero runini rwaibyumaamanota, harimo ubuziranengealloyIbyuma, nukwitondera kwitondera kuvanga kandi inzira yo gushonga ikoreshwa naIgishushanyo cya electrode. MugihegukoreshayaIgishushanyo cya electrodeni ikiguzi gihoraho, uruhare rwayo mugutanga neza, guhinduka, no kurushahoibyumaUmusaruro ubikora anNtabyingenziIbigize muri iki kigezwehoibyumaInganda zihindukaEAF ibyuma. TheIgishushanyo cya electrodentabwo ari igikoresho gusa; Ni ikimenyetso cyiterambere muriinzira yo gusebanya.

Ubuyobozi bwo Gutebera: Ni iki ukwiye gushakisha muri aIgishushanyo cya electrodeUtanga isoko yaweAmashanyarazi arc?

Kubantu bakunda Mark Thompson, nyirubwite hamwe numukozi ushinzwe amasoko aha agaciro ubuziranenge nibiciro byo guhatanira mugihe uguraIbishushanyoKubakiriya be (urusyo rwe, bafatiwe), bahitamo isoko iburyo ni umwanya munini. Nka Allen, uhagarariye aUruganda rwa electrode yumwugaHamwe n'imirongo 7 yumusaruro no kohereza muri Amerika yohereza muri Amerika, Amerika ya Ruguru, n'Uburayi, ndumva izo mpungenge cyane. Dore icyo ushaka:

• Igenzura ryiza nicyemezo:Ibi ntabwo biganirwaho. Saba ibisobanuro birambuye hamwe nibimenyetso byubahiriza amahame mpuzamahanga (urugero, iso). Kwizerwaurugandabizahita bitanga raporo y'ibizamini kuri buri cyiciro cyaIgishushanyo cya electrode, birambuye birambuye nkaamashanyarazi Kurwanya, ubucucike,imbaraga za mashini, naIvu rya Ash. Witondere abatanga abatanga cyangwa batanze ibyemezo bikemangwa. Ku kigo cyacu, kugenzura ubuziranenge ni ibintu byose, kuvaIbikoresho bya Raw(Nka premiumCokekuriUhp Ibishushanyo) guhitamo binyuze muriGushushanyaKuri Kuri.
• Ubuhanga bwa tekinike n'inkunga:IbyaweIgishushanyo cya electrodeUtanga isoko agomba kuba ibirenze ibiro byo kugurisha. Shakisha aurugandahamwe nubumenyi bwimbitse bwa tekiniki. Bagomba kuba bashobora kuganira ku buryo bwaweamashanyarazi arc imikorere, vuga ibibazo byawe (urugero, hejurugukoresha, gusenyuka), hanyuma usabe nezaamanotayaIgishushanyo cya electrode(RP, HP, cyangwa UHP) kugirango utegure imikorere yawe kandigushongagukora neza. Itumanaho risobanutse ni urufunguzo, cyane cyane kugirango wirinde ingingo z'ububabare nk'ikiganiro kidakora.
• Inyandiko yagaragaye kandi yizewe:Shakisha abatanga isoko bafite amateka yubuziranenge buhamye kandi mugihe cyo kubyara. Gutinda kubyoherezwa birashobora kwifatira gahunda yumuntu, ububabare bukomeye kuri buri weseibyumaProducer. Baza ibyerekeranye cyangwa ubushakashatsi bwibanze, cyane cyane kubakiriya mukarere kawe cyangwa inganda. Ubunararibonye mu biro byo kohereza mu gihugu cyawe (nkuburambe bwacu hamwe na USA) bivuze ko bumva ibikoresho bya logistique nuburyo bwa gasutamo. Urashobora kandi gutekereza kubicuruzwa nkaibishushanyo byizaNiba ibyo ukeneye bikarenze electrode gusa, nkububiko bwuzuye bushobora kuba inyungu.
• Ibiciro bisobanutse hamwe namagambo meza yo kwishyura:Mugihe ubwiza ari urufunguzo, ibiciro bigomba guhatana. Sobanukirwa nigiciro rusange, harimo kohereza ninshingano zose zikoreshwa. Utanga isoko meza azatanga amagambo asobanutse kandi ufungure kuganira ku buryo bwo kwishyura bukorera impande zombi. Intego ni ubufatanye burebure, ntabwo ari ugucuruza kimwe gusa.
• Gukemura Gukemura:Utanga isoko hamwe numurongo wabo bwite, nkuwacu, ugenzura neza ubuziranenge no guhuzagurika. Birashoboka cyane gushora imari muri R & D kandi ubudahwema kunoza ibyaboIgishushanyo cya electrodeibicuruzwa. Gusura uruganda (niba bishoboka) cyangwa kugira Urugendo rusanzwe rushobora gutanga ubushishozi bwingenzi mubushobozi bwabo no kwiyemeza kuri burielectrode.

Kubona IburyoIgishushanyo cya electrodeUtanga isoko arimo umwete. Ntukibande gusa ku giciro cyo hasi; igiciro nyacyo cya anelectrodeHarimo imikorere yayo, ubuzima bwawe bwose, hamwe no kwizerwa kwutanga isoko. Gushonga nezascrapKurikubyara ibyuma birebirebiterwa cyane kumikorere yaweIgishushanyo cya electrode, gukora iki cyemezo cyo kurega cyane kubwaweamashanyarazi arc.

Urufunguzo rufata urufunguzo: Imbaraga zigishushanyo cya electrode

• Ngombwa mu bice: IbishushanyoniNtabyingenzikuriamashanyarazi arc(EAF)ibyuma, gukora nk'abashinzwe gutwara ibidukikijeamashanyarazi arcbikenewe kurigushonga scrap ibyuma.
• Ibishushanyo Byihariye bya Graveite:Igishushanyo nicyizaIbikoresho bya RawBitewe nabyoUmutekano muremure w'amashanyarazi, bikabijeubushyuhe Kurwanya, byizaubushyuheguhungabanaKurwanya, kandi nibyizaimbaraga za mashini.
• ARC Nkomeye:Theamashanyarazi arcbyakozwe naIgishushanyo cya electrodeitangaubushyuhe bukabije(hejuru3000° C) Gushonga nezascrapkwishyuza muriamashanyarazi arc.
• Amanota: Ibishushanyongwino mumanota atandukanye (RP, HP, UHP) kuriikositimuurwego rwingufu zinyuranye hamwe nibikenewe bikora, hamweUhp graprodeByakozweCokeGutanga imikorere yo hejuru yo gusabaEafs.
• Efficiency Booster:UbuziranengeIbishushanyokunozaamashanyarazi arcgukora neza no kugabanyaamashanyaraziingufugukoresha, kugabanya kumeneka, kandi ugaho nezaimikorere.
• Ibintu byo gukoresha: Electrode gukoreshani Byatewe no Kugabana Inama, Okiside,gusebanyaimikorere, ibibazo bya mashini, naelectrode'Ubwiza bwanjye kandiamanota.
• Icyatsi kibisi: EAF ibyuma, ikoreshwa naIbishushanyo, ni urugwiro rwinshutikubyara steelugereranije nuburyo gakondo ukoreshejeibyuma, nkuko bisanzwe bitangascrap.
• Ubwenge bwerekeza:Iyo uhisemo aIgishushanyo cya electrodeUtanga isoko, shyira imbere ubuziranenge, inkunga ya tekiniki, kwizerwa, igiciro kibonerana, no gukora ubushobozi bwo gukora neza kugirango imikorere myiza yawe yaweamashanyarazi arc.