Umwigisha Ubuhanzi: Intambwe-Kumurongo Amabwiriza yo Gusukura Igishushanyo cya Electrode

Ifoto yerekana ni ibice byingenzi muburyo butandukanye bwinganda, cyane cyane mumatanura ya arc (eaf) kumusaruro wibyuma kandi mubisabwa bya electrochemical. Imiterere yaelectrodeUbuso bugira ingaruka itaziguye, imikorere, no kuramba. Kubungabungwa cyangwa budakwiyeelectrodeirashobora gutuma yiyongeragukoresha, imikorere idahwitse, ndetse n'ibizagusenyuka. Aka gatabo gatanga byuzuyeamabwirizauburyo bwo gukoresha nezaisukukandi ukomeze ibyaweIgishushanyo cya electrodeubuso, gushushanya mubushishozi bwuruganda. Waba uri umukoresha wa EAF nka Mark Thompson, uhangayikishijwe nubwiza nubushobozi-imikorere, cyangwa aumuhangaKwitegura gusobanukaelectrochemicalIbipimo, Gusobanukirwa ubu buryo ningirakamaro kubisubizo byiza. RekaShakishaimpamvu aisuku electrodeibibazo nuburyo bwo kubigeraho.

1. Kuki igishushanyo cyerekanwe hejuru yingenzi kugirango ukore imikorere?

Imikorere ya aIgishushanyo cya electrodeni ifitanye isano nubuso bwayo. Mubisabwa hejuru yubushyuhe nkitanura rya arc, aisukuUbuso buremeza neza imishinga myiza y'amashanyarazi. Abapfumu bakora nk'ibyifuzo, kongeramo amashanyarazi. IYI IHUNGU GAHUNDA YO GUKORA AMAFARANGA ZINYURANYE KUBONA Ubushyuhe bumwe bwo gushonga, biganisha ku mbaraga nyinshigukoreshakandi yagabanije imikorere - urufunguzo rwingenzi kubatwara ibicuruzwa-bameze neza. Byongeye kandi, isaranganya ritaringaniye ryatewe no kugirira nabi hejuru irashobora gukora ahantu hashyushye, kongera imihangayiko yubushyuhe hamwe ningaruka zagusenyukacyangwa kwambara imburagihe.

Hanze ya EAFS, murielectrochemicalPorogaramu, TheUbuso bwa electrodeniho ibikorwa bibaho - ni ngombwaImigaragarirehagati yaelectrodeibikoresho naelectrolyte. Abapfumu barashobora guhagarika imbuga zifatika, inzira ya alter reactions, cyangwa kumenyekanisha ibisubizo bidakenewe. Ibi bitera imbaraga ukuri kandi byoroshye kubipimo. Kurugero, muri voltammetriry, umwandaGukora electrodeUbuso burashobora kugoreka kugorekaimpingaimiterere, yahindutseimpingaubushobozi, no kugabanukaikimenyetsoubukana, bigatuma bigora neza isesengurakwibandacyangwa kwiga uburyo bwo gukora. Aisuku electrodeUbuso nibyingenzi kugirango ubone kwizerwaelectrochemicalamakuru. Kugumana Pristineelectrodehejuru iremeza ko abapimweelectrochemicalIgisubizo gigaragaza rwose inzira iperereza.

Ubusugire bw'ingingo zihuza, byumwiharikourudodoibice ahoelectrode ebyiriInjira ukoresheje acleple, nayo irakomeye. Abapfumu nkumukungugu cyangwa amavuta muriurudodoIrashobora kubangamira gutembera no kuganisha kurubanza. Iyi ni ingingo isanzwe yo gutsindwa, akenshi bikavamokurekura, yongerewe kurwanya amashanyarazi, cyangwa ndetsegusenyuka. Guharanira umubiri nyamukuruubusono guhuzaurudodoUturere twitonzeisukuni ngombwa kubijyanye n'imiterere kandi ubusugire bwa byoseelectrodeInkingi, cyane cyane iyo uhuye na electrode nini ya diamester isaba hejurutorquemu Nteko.

2. Ni ubuhe buryo bwanduye busanzwe bwa electrode ya electrode?

IgishushanyoelectrodeUbuso burashobora kwanduzwa binyuze mubyiciro bitandukanye - mugihe cyo kubika, gutunganya, no gukora. Gusobanukirwa abanyabyaha basanzwe bifasha muguhitamo uburyo bukwiye bwo gukora isuku. Inkomoko imwe ikomeye niAmavuta n'amaziibisigisigi, akenshi byimurirwa mubikoresho cyangwa amaboko yabakozi. Umukungugu hamwe nikibazo cyo kubikamo ibidukikije cyangwa ikirere cyibimera gishobora gutura kuriubuso, cyane cyane mububiko bwibishushanyo bimwe. Ibi birasa nkaho ari bito, ariko nubwo bitoroshye birashobora gukora neza imikorere.

Mugihe cyo gukora, cyane cyane mu bice,Ibishushanyobahura nibibazo bikaze. Slag Splash, MetallicKubitsaibice, nibikoresho bya okiside birashobora kubahiriza ushikamye kurielectrode ubuso. Izi ndumubano zijyanye nazo akenshi zirakomera kugirango zikureho kandi zishobore guhindura cyaneelectrodeAmashanyarazi n'umutima. Inelectrochemicaligenamiterere, abapfumu barashobora guturuka kurielectrolyteubwayo (umwambaro, ibicuruzwa byangiza), Rebaelectrodekumeneka, cyangwa kwamamaza molekile kuva kumurongo wa Matrix kurihejuru ya electrode. ABANYARWANDA BAKORESHEJWE BASHOBORA GUSABAelectrodeKubangamira kwimura amadozi.

Ni ngombwa kandi gusuzuma ibisigisigi byo kugerageza cyangwa gukora. Gukaraba bidakwiye gusukura cyangwa ibikoresho byo gusiga (nka alumina cyangwadiyamapaste yakoreshejwe murielectrochemical electrodeKwitegura) ubwabo gukora nk'abanduye. Ndetse no kuzigamakasetiikoreshwa kurielectrodeImitwe irashobora gusiga ibisigazwa bifatika niba bidakuweho neza. Kubwibyo, isuku nezainziraUgomba kubara kugirango ukureho umwanda wo hanze gusa ahubwo usuzuguroga hose muburyo bwo gusukura ubwabwo. TugombagusesenguraIsoko rishobora kwangiza guhitamo ingamba nziza zo gukora isuku.

3. Ibikoresho byingenzi nibikoresho byo gukora isuku neza?

Kugira ibikoresho byiburyo nibikoresho biri ku ntoki bituma inzira isuku ziteka kandi zikora neza. Ibintu byihariye bikenewe birashobora gutandukana gato bitewe naelectrodeAndika no gusaba (EAF naelectrochemical selile), ariko ibikoresho byibanze bigomba kubamo:

• Ibikoresho by'umutekano:Buri gihe ushyire imbere umutekano. Ibi birimo uduce dukwiye (urugero, nitrile cyangwa neoprene kugirango tunanire impyisi) hamwe nibirahure byumutekano cyangwa ibirahure kugirango birinde amacakubiri hamwe nibice byikirere.
• Brushes:Brush yoroshye (nka Nylon) muri rusange ihitamo isuku isanzwe kugirango wirinde gushushanyaIgishushanyo cya electrode ubuso. Awire brush(nibyiza umuringa, byoroshye kurutaibyuma) birashobora gukoreshwaubwitonziKubwo gukuraho kwisiga cyane kuri electrode yinganda, ariko ntizigera byoroshyeelectrochemicalelectrode. ByihariyeurudodoGusukura no guswera nabyo birasabwa.
• Imyenda:Icyuma kidahanagurika cyangwaumwenda(nka microfiber) ni ngombwa muguhanagura hejuru udasize inyuma fibre. Impapuro zisanzwe zigomba kwirindwa.
• Ibisubizo:GuhitamoSolvenbiterwa n'uwanduye.
  • Isopropyl inzoga (IPA)cyangwaacetoneni amahitamo asanzwe yo gukuraho amavuta,Amavuta n'amazi. Buri gihe ugenzure kugirango uhuze na politikeIgishushanyo cya electrodeIcyiciro na Downstream Gusaba (cyane cyane muburyo bworoshyeelectrochemical igeragezwaakazi).
  • Amazi meza (di)cyangwaamazi yatoboyeni ngombwa kugirango azeze, cyane cyane murielectrochemicalGusaba, kwirinda kumenyekanisha ionaminants ya Ionic.
• Umwuka ufunzwe:Isoko yo mu buryo busukuye, bwumutseumwuka ufunzweni ntagereranywa yo kuvuza umukungugu nimyanda idahwitse, no kumishaelectrodenyuma yo gukaraba. Menya neza ko gutanga ikirere bitarimo amavuta.
• Ibikoresho byo muri Polonye (kuri electropesle ya electrode):Kwiteguraelectrochemicalelectrodes, amanota atandukanye yibitangazamakuru byo muri posinye birakenewe, nka:
  • Alumina slurries (urugero, 1.0μm, 0.3μm, 0.05μm)
  • Diyamapaste / sprays (urutonde rusa nubunini)
  • Polonye (imyenda ya emerymuri rusange ntabwo ari ibihano, imyenda yihariye ikoreshwa)
• Ibikoresho:Gusukura Beakers cyangwa Tray yo gufata ibicuruzwa mugihe cyo gukaraba cyangwaultrasonicIsuku.

Dore imbonerahamwe yihuse:

Guhitamo ibikoresho byiza nintambwe yambere yo gusukurwa nezaIgishushanyo cya electrode.

4. Intambwe kuntambwe

IsukuIbishushanyo, yaba nini kubitanura cyangwa ntoya kuri laborato, bisaba inzira yubukwe. Dore rusangeinzira, ushobora kumenyera ukurikije ielectrodeingano no kwanduza urwego:

1. Ubugenzuzi bwambere & Umutekano:Shyira ibirahure byawe n'umutekano wawe.WitonzeKugenzuraelectrodeKubibonekaibyangiritse, ibice, cyangwa kwanduza cyane. Rebaurudodoahantu nyaburanga.
2. Isuku yumye:Koresha isuku, kubusaumwuka ufunzweguturika umukungugu cyangwa ibintu byose bihuriye na byoseubuso, harimo urudodo. Brush yoroshye arashobora gufasha kwikuramo ibintu byubahirizwa. Kora ahantu hafite umwuka mwinshi.
3. Solvent Ihanagura (niba bikenewe):Niba ibisigara byamavuta (Amavuta n'amazi) birahari, bihumura nezaumwendahamwe nibyo bikwiyeSolven(nka isopropyl inzoga). Shyira witonze ahantu handuye. Irinde gushiraelectrode, cyane cyane ubwoko bugaragara, keretse iyo gukora nkanagukaraba. Ihanagura mu turere tw'isuku rugana ku turere twanduye. Ku nsanganyamatsiko, koresha urudodo rwabugenewe cyangwa umwenda uzengurutse igikoresho kuriisukuAbakunzi.
4. Kubitsa byinangiye (electrode yinganda):Kuri electrode yanduye cyane (urugero, eAFelectrodehamwe na slag), Isuku ya mashini irashobora kuba ikenewemberegukaraba. Ibi birashobora kubamowitondegusiba hamwe nigikoresho kitari ibyuma cyangwa gukoresha ubwitonzi wumuringawire brush. Icyitonderwa Cyakabijebirakenewe kugirango wirinde kwangiza Uwitekaelectrode ubuso. Iyi ntambwe muri rusangentabwoBikoreshwa kuri delicateelectrochemicalelectrode.
5. Kwoza:Niba ibiti byakoreshejwe, cyangwa gukaraba muri rusange,kwozatheelectrodeneza. Kurielectrochemicalelectrode, koresha isuku-amazi menshi cyangwa ubuziranengeSolvenikoreshwa mu isuku. Kuri electrode yinganda, bitewe numukozi wogusukura no gutunganya ibikenewe, amazikwozahakurikiraho kugirango wuzuze burundu hashobora kuba bihagije. Intego ni ugukuraho ibimenyetso byose byumukozi ushinzwe isuku no guhungabana. Ibigega byinshi birashobora kuba ngombwa.
6. Kuma:Emereraelectrodeguhumeka neza rwose ahantu hasukuye. Urashobora kwihutisha kumisha ukoreshejeumwuka ufunzwe(kwemeza ko bifite isuku). Gushyushya witonze (urugero, mu kigero munsi 100C) irashobora gukoreshwa, ariko irinde ubushyuhe bukabije bushoboraokisidecyangwa gutitira. Theelectrodeigomba kuba yumye neza mbere yo kubika cyangwa gukoresha, cyane cyane mbere yo guhuza ingingo cyangwa kwibiza muri anelectrolyte. Igihe gisanzwe cyumye kirashobora kuba 30minkugeza kumasaha menshi, bitewe nubunini nuburozi. Electrode igomba kubayemerewe gukamaneza.
7. Ubugenzuzi bwa nyuma:Bimaze gukama, kora ubushakashatsi bwa nyuma bwerekana kugirango abehoubusoni kimweisukukandi nta gisigi cyangwaibyangiritse. Reba imvange.

Ubu buryo butunganijwe butuma UwitekaIgishushanyo cya electrodeisukurwa neza mugihe ugabanya ibyago byaibyangiritse. Ibuka gukemuraelectrodewitonze byose.

5. Ni uruhe ruhare rwo gukora isuku ultrasonic electrode ya slatie?

UltrasonicGusukura bitanga uburyo bukomeye bwo gukora isuku ugereranije no guhanagura cyangwa gukaraba. Ikoresha amajwi menshi-yijwi kugirango ukore ibinyobwa mumaziSolven. Ibibyimba byangiza hafi yaelectrodehejuru, kubyara inzira nto, ikomeye hamwe ningutu zaho zihindura zidahwitse zanduye naubuso, harimo na pore nibintu bifatika nkidodo. Bitekerezeho nkibikorwa bya microscopique.

Ubu buryo bukora cyane cyane kugirango bukureho ibibazo byinangiye, byiza, ibisigara byatanzwe muburozi bwuzuye, cyangwa umwanda mubice bikomeye bigera nkimizi ya aurudodo. Kurielectrochemicalelectrode, anultrasonic gukaraba(Mubisanzwe 5-15min) muburyo bukwiyeSolven.electrode ubuso. Nintambwe isanzwe muri protocole ikomeye ishishikaje igamije nezahejuru ya electrode.

Ariko,ultrasonicIsuku igomba gukoreshwa mubushishozi. Imbaraga zikomeye zirashobora gutera ubusoibyangiritsecyangwa isuri, cyane cyane hamwe namanota yoroshye cyangwa ibihe byinshi byo guhura. Ni ngombwa kuri:

• HitamobikwiyeSolvenbihuye nibishushanyo hamwe nabanduye.
• Kugenzura igihe (tangira nibihe bigufi, urugero,Iminota 2kugeza 5min, kandi wiyongere gusa nibiba ngombwa).
• Menya nezaelectrodentabwo biruhukira munsi yaultrasonickwiyuhagira (koresha aufitecyangwa uhagarike).
• Kwozaneza nyuma yaultrasonicintambwe kugirango ukureho imyanda yangiritse kandi isigayeSolven.

Ultrasonicisuku nigikoresho gikomeye murielectrodeGusukura Arsenal, ariko ntabwo buri gihe bikenewe cyangwa bikwiye. Suzuma ubwoko bwo kwanduza no kumva nezaelectrodembere yo gukoresha ubu buhanga. Kubikorwa byinshi byogusukura, uburyo bwintoki bwasobanuwe mbere birahagije.

6. Nigute utegura electrode mubushakashatsi bwa elegice?

Gutegura anelectrodekuri anelectrochemical igeragezwaIrasaba kwitondera neza isuku nubuzima, nkuko no gushushanya umwanda bishobora kugira ingaruka cyane kubisubizo. Intego ni ukugera ku buryo bworoshye, bworoshye, no gukoraubuso. Nezainzirabiterwa naelectrodeIbikoresho (urugero, karubone, igishushanyo cya paste, pyrolytic igishushanyo) hamwe nibyihariyeigeragezwa, ariko muri rusange bikubiyemo gusya, gusukura, rimwe na rimweelectrochemicalMbere yo kuvurwa.

Urukurikirane rusanzwe rwo kwiteguraIgishushanyo cya electrode(Nka karubone yikirahure) irashobora kumera gutya:

1. Gusomana kwa mashini:Iyi ntambwe igamije gukuraho umwanda wabanjirije cyangwa ibice byatanzwe kandi bikarema bishya, byoroshyeubuso.
   • Tangira hamwe na Coarser Poiling itangazamakuru (urugero, 1μmalumina cyangwadiyamapaste) kumurongoumwenda. Igipolonye mu gipongo-umunani Icyifuzo cya 1-Iminota 2.
   • Kwozaneza n'amazi ya di.
   • Kwimuka kugirango ushubire polonye (urugero, 0.3μm, hanyuma 0.05μmalumina). Igipolonye 1-Iminota 2hamwe na buri cyiciro.
   • KwozaNukuri n'amazi hagati ya buri ntambwe.
2. Isuku ya Ultrasonic:Nyuma yo gusya, shyiramoelectrodeinama mu ntera n'amazi ya di (cyangwa rimwe na rimwe ethanol / isopropanol) na sonikiya kuri byinshimin(urugero, 5min) Kuraho imyanda yo gusya yafatiwe muri microscopique.
3. Kwoza CYIZA: Kwozacyane hamwe nisuku ndende-amazi. Porotokole zimwe zishobora kuba zirimo finalekwozahamwe naelectrolytegukoreshwa muriigeragezwa.
4. Mbere ya electrochemical pre-kuvura (bidashoboka):Ukurikije porogaramu, theelectrodebirashobora gusabaelectrochemicalgukora cyangwa gukora isuku. Ibi akenshi bikubiyemo gusiganwa ku magare ubushobozi bwihariye mugushyigikiraelectrolyte. Iyi ntambwe irashobora gufasha gukuraho oxide isigaye cyangwa amoko ahinnye kandi itujeelectrode ubuso. Izi nacycleIbipimo birihariye kurielectrodeibikoresho naelectrolyteSisitemu. Intego akenshi ni ukugera ku gihaza, gito kiriho kandi gisobanuwe nezaelectrochemical impingaibisubizo kubashakanye bazwi (nka ferrocene cyangwa pondusim ferriririyanide) nkigenzuraelectrodeibikorwa.
5. Kuma (niba bikenewe):Nibaelectrodentabwo ikoreshwa ako kanya, igomba gukama yitonze (urugero, hamwe numugezi witonda wa azote cyangwa argon) kandi ubitswe neza.

Ubwiza bwaelectrochemical selileSetup, harimo ibisobanuro na konti ya electrode, nubuziranenge bwaelectrolytena socvents, ni ngombwa kimwe. Byateguwe nezaGukora electrodeNtuzatanga amakuru meza niba ibindi bice ari amakosa cyangwa byanduye. Kugera kuri Sharp, Bisobanuwe nezaelectrochemical impingahamwe nubushobozi buteganijwe akenshi ni ikimenyetso cyingenzi cyateguwe nezaelectrodenaselile.

7. Kwirinda ibyangiritse: Ni izihe ngamba zingenzi mugihe cyo gusukura electrode?

Mugihe isuku ari ngombwa, tekinike idakwiye irashobora gutera ibibi kuruta ibyiza. Igishushanyo, nubwo ubushyuhe bwimbitse-bukabije, burashobora gutontoma kandi byoroshye kuri mishiniibyangiritse. Hano hari ingamba zikomeye zo gufata:

• Irinde imbaraga zikabije:Ntuzigere ukoresha imbaraga zikabije mugihe cyoza, guhanagura, cyangwa gukoresha ielectrode. Igishushanyo gishobora gushushanya cyangwa chip. Koresha brush yoroshye hamwe nimyenda idafite lint. Irinde kugabanuka cyangwa gutangazaelectrode, nkuko ibi bishobora gukurura ibizagusenyuka.
• Kurinda insanganyamatsiko:TheurudodoIbice nibyingenzi kugirango bihuze kandi bikubiyeho ariko nabyo birababaje.
  • BurigiheisukuImitwe yitonze, irindi nta myanda ikomeza.
  • Koresha ingofero yo kurinda cyangwakasetihejuru yurwego mugihe gikomeye cyumubiri nyamukuru cyangwa mugihe cyo kubika / gutwaraIrinde electrodeinsanganyamatsiko kuvaibyangiritse.
  • Iyo uhuzaelectrode ebyiri, menya neza imitwe ihujwe neza mbere yo gukomera. KoreshatorqueIbisobanuro - Guhirika kwaguka birashobora gushimangiraurudodokandi biganishagusenyukaNyuma, mugihe hakoreshejwe-gukomera bishobora guterakurekurano kwishyurwa. Koresha Ikwiyeufitecyangwa kunyeganyeza mugihe cyo guterana / kwisenyuka. Irinde gukoreshaibyumaIbikoresho kubishushanyo niba bishoboka, cyangwa ubikoreshe hamwe no kwitabwaho bikabije.
• Guhuza imiti:Menya neza ko bidatinze cyangwa abakozi bashinzwe gusukura bihuye nicyiciro cyihariye cyaIgishushanyo cya electrodekandi ntazasiga ibisigara byangiza kubisabwa. Ibi birakomeye cyane kubishushanyo bisukuye cyangwaelectrochemicalPorogaramu aho no kuba umwanda. Burigihekwozaneza.
• Ubushyuhe:Irinde impinduka zihuse. NtukurehoelectrodeKandi meshesha mumazi akonje, cyangwa ubushyuhe butoseelectrodebyihuse. Buhoro buhoro imikino ihinduka nurufunguzo rwo gukumira imihangayiko yubushyuhe no gucika (gusenyuka). Niba ukeneyegutekaanelectrodeKuma, koresha ubushyuhe buciriritse (urugero, <100-120C) kandi wemerere gushyushya buhoro buhoro.
• Ultrasonic yitonda:Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, gabanya igihe nuburemere bwaultrasonicgusukura kugirango wirinde gukubita cyangwa guterura Uwitekaelectrode ubuso.

Mugukurikiza ibyo biringa, urashobora rwoseisukuibyaweIbishushanyoutabangamiye ubunyangamugayo bwabo cyangwa imikorere. Gukumiraibyangiritseni ngombwa nkuko gukuraho byanduye.

8. Nigute Kugenzura no Kugenzura isuku ya electrode nyuma yo gukaraba?

Nyuma yo gukora isuku, nigute ushobora kumenya nibaelectrodeni mubyukuriisukubihagije? Kugenzura nintambwe yingenzi, cyane cyane mubisabwa bikomeye. Uburyo buturuka kuri cheque yoroshye yerekana uburyo bwo gusesengura ubuso buke bwo gusesengura.

Kuri electrode rusange yinganda (nka Electrode ya Electrode), ubugenzuzi bwuzuye buragaragara nuburyo bwibanze. Shakisha:

• Isura imwe:Theubusougomba kureba neza, nta shusho yo guhagarika, ibisigisigi, cyangwa yanduye kugaragara nka peteroli cyangwa ivumbi.
• Imiterere:Witondere cyane kuriurudodoGroove n'amaso. Bagomba kuba badafite imyanda, amavuta, naibyangiritse.
• Ihanagura Ikizamini:Wice witonze agace gato kasukuye, byumyeubusohamwe nisuku, yera, lint-kubuntuumwenda. Umwenda ugomba kuguma ufite isuku, byerekana ko nta gisilarakuyeho yimuwe.

Kurielectrochemicalelectrode, aho ubuso bwibanze buranga, kugenzura akenshi bukomeye:

• Kugenzura amashusho (Microscopic):Kugenzura nezaubusoMubukwe bushobora kwerekana ibishushanyo, ibyobo, cyangwa ibikoresho byo gusiga.
• Kwipimisha Amashanyarazi:Kwiruka Pliclic Voltamgram (CV) muburyo busanzweelectrolyteIgisubizo kirimo couple yitwaye neza (urugero, 1 Yamazaki Ferricanide muri 0.1 m KCL) nigikoresho rusange cyo gusuzuma. Isuku kandi ikoraelectrodeigomba kwerekana:
  • Amateka make.
  • Okiside nziza no kugabanyaimpingaimiterere.
  • BiteganijweimpingaGutandukana (Δep), biraba hafi ya 59 / n mv mubushyuhe bwicyumba cya n-electron. Gutandukana kenshi byerekana ubunebwe cyangwa bwanduyeubuso.
  • Gusiganwa gusiga kumagare yasubitswe.
• Gupima Inguni:Inzira igitonyanga cyamazi cyangwaelectrolyteamasaro hejuru (cyangwa akwirakwiza) kurielectrodeUbuso burashobora gutangaubushishoziMu isuku yacyo na hydrophobicity / hydrophilitity, bishobora kumva neza hejuru yanduye.
• Ubuhanga bwo hejuru bwa tekinike (ateye imbere):Muburyo bwubushakashatsi, tekinike nka x-ray Photofectronts Specroscopy (XPS) cyangwa Raman spectroskopi irashobora gukoreshwagusesenguraibigize amashanyarazi no mu miti yaelectrode ubuso, kwemeza kubura abanduye. Uru rwego rwaIsesenguraIbisobanuro mubisanzwe bigenewe R & D.

Kugenzura buri gihe no kugenzura, bikwiranye no gusaba, menya neza ko inzira yo gukora isuku ifite akamaro kandi koIgishushanyo cya electrodeyiteguye gukora neza. Ibi bifasha gukumira kunanirwa byihuse cyangwa bidahwitsegupimaIbisubizo.

9. Gukomeza Isuku: Nigute UBUYOBOZI BWO GUKORESHA STOPRODE YAMARA?

IsukuIbishushanyoni ngombwa, ariko kwirinda kwanduza mbere yaho ni byiza kurushaho. Ububiko bukwiye no gutunganya ni ngombwa kugirango tubungabunge isuku no gukumiraibyangiritse. Hano hari ibikorwa byiza:

• Ububiko busukuye kandi bwumutse:Bika amatora ahantu hasukuye, kwumye, kure yumukungugu, ubuhehere, imyuka yimiti, hamwe ningaruka zifatika. Irinde kubika hasi. Koresha ibikoresho byagenwe cyangwa pallets.
• Gupakira:Komeza electrode mubikorwa byabo byumwimerere kugirango bikonjere igihe kirekire gishoboka. Kuri electrode yinganda, ibi akenshi bikubiyemo gupfunyika no kwiyubakira. Amabere (Guhuza amapine) nabyo bigomba kubikwa witonze, akenshi mumasanduku yitanze.
• Kurinda umutwe:Burigihe gukoreshakurindaingofero cyangwa plugs kurielectroden'imboga nple mugihe cyo kubika no gukora. Ibi birinda kwanduza no kumubiriibyangiritseKuri ibyo bice bikomeye. Menya neza ko imipira ubwayo ifite isuku.KasetiIrashobora gukoreshwa nkigipimo cyigihe gito ariko urebe neza ko idasiga ibisigisigi bifatika.
• Gukemura:
  • Buri gihe ukoreshe ibikoresho byo guterura (imigozi, clamps,ufiteibikoresho). Menya neza ko ibikoresho byo guterura bitangiza amavuta cyangwa umwanda. Guterura ibintu byihariyescrewmurielectrodesock ikunze gukoreshwa kuri electrode nini.
  • Kugabanya gufata. Tegura imigendere kugirango wirinde kwimuka bitari ngombwa.
  • Abakozi bakemura amatora bagomba kwambara gants isukuye kugirango yirinde kwimuraAmavuta n'amazicyangwa umwanda mu biganza byabo.
• Gutandukanya:Niba bishoboka, ubike electrode nshya zitandukanye kuva ikoreshwa cyangwa igice cyatwanyweho kugirango wirinde kwanduza.
• Igenzura ry'ibidukikije:Mubyifuzo byunvikana (nk'ibyumba byaelectrochemicalAkazi cyangwa Semiconductor Gutunganya), Komeza Igenzura rikomeye Ibidukikije Kugabanya Ibikoresho bya Aborborne.

Gushyira mu bikorwa ububiko bworoshye ariko bunoze no gutunganya birashobora kugabanya cyane gukenera gukora isuku cyane, prolongelectrodeUbuzima, menya neza imikorere, kandi wirinde bihenzegusenyukacyangwa ibibazo bikora. Nka nyiri uruganda (nkanjye, Allen), dushimangira aya bikorwa imbere kandi tukabasaba cyane abakiriya bacu nka Mark Thompson, baha agaciro kwizerwa no gukora neza. Gushora muriIbikoresho byiza cyaneni igice cyo kugereranya gusa; Kwitaho neza ni ngombwa kimwe.

10. Kureka gusukura: Gushakisha uburyo bwo kuvura bushimishije kuri electrode ya graprote?

Mugihe isuku yitonze ikomeza imiterere ya A.Igishushanyo cya electrode, rimwe na rimwe ibyifuzo bisaba ibiranga imikorere. Ibi byatumye habaho iterambere ryibinyuranyo bitandukanye byo kuvura no guhindura. Aba barenze gusukura gusaubusokandi intego yo guhindura imyitwarire yayoumutungoumwirondoro winyungu zihariye. RekaShakishaIngero nke:

• Amavuta yo kurwanya oki-okiside:Igishushanyo gikundaokisideku bushyuhe bwo hejuru imbere y'umwuka, biganisha ku kwiyongeragukoresha, cyane cyane mu bice cyangwa ubundi buryo bwo hejuru cyane. Gukoresha Ikirangantego (E.g., UkurikijesiliconCarbide, Alumina, cyangwa ibindi bikoresho byo kuboneza) birashobora gukora inzitizi yo kurinda, kugabanya cyane igihombo cya okiside no gutangaelectrodeUbuzima. Ibi bice bigomba gutoranya neza kugirango batagira ingaruka mbi mumashanyarazi cyangwa kwanduza gushonga.
• Imikorere yubuso (electrochemical):Kurielectrochemicalkumva no kwamavumwe, theIgishushanyo cya electrode ubusoirashobora guhinduka nkana kugirango yongere imikorere yayo. Ibi birashobora kubamo:
  • ElectrochemicalKubikametallicnanoparticles (nka zahabu cyangwa platine) kugirango ugabanye reaction yihariye.
  • COVATACY ihinduka molekile zihariye cyangwa polymers kugirango ikore imbuga zatoranijwe kugirango zisesengura.
  • Gufata plasma kugirango ugaragaze amatsinda yimikorere (nka ogisijeni cyangwa azote) ihindura ingufu hamwe naelectrolytecyangwa reaction.
    Izi mpinduka zigamije kunoza ibitekerezo, guhitamo, cyangwa igipimo cyimyitwarire yihariyeelectrochemicalibipimo, gusunika imipaka irenze ibyo byoroshyeIgishushanyo cya electrodeirashobora kubigeraho. Dukunze kubona ainziraKugana byinshihejuru ya electrodeMu giheIsesengurachimie.
• Gutavuga:Amanota amwe arashobora guterwa nibikoresho nkibisohoka cyangwa ikibuga mbere yo gushushanya no guteka kugirango ugabanye uburozi kandi utezimbere imbaraga cyangwa ibitabya. Mugihe mubisanzwe igice cyibikorwa, nyuma yo kuvurwa birimo kudashobora kudashirwa mubikoresho byihariye (nkumuringa wo kunoza ibintu bimwe na bimwe, cyangwa antimany kugirango bashingerwe) barakoreshwa, nubwo badasanzwe cyaneIbishushanyo.

Iyi miti yateye imbere yerekana ibisubizo byihariye bikwiranye nibibazo byihariye. Mugihe isuku isanzwe yibanda ku kubungabunga imikorere yibanze yibicuruzwa nkaUhp graprodecyangwaibishushanyo mbonera, guhindura hejuru bitanga inzira kugirango ubushobozi bwongerewe ubushobozi bwo gusaba ibyifuzo. Ibi biratanga agaciroubushishozimudushya dukomeje mu nganda zishushanyije. Guhitamo no gushyira mu bikorwa ubu buvuzi bisaba ubuhanga bukomeye kugirango babone inyungu zifuzwa batamenyereye ibibazo bishya.

Imashini yingenzi kuri electrode ya electrode no kubungabunga:

• Isuku ni ngombwa:IsukuIgishushanyo cya electrode ubusoni ngombwa kubikorwa byiza byamashanyarazi, hasigukoresha, imikorere ihamye (mu bice), kandi nezaelectrochemicalibipimo (ityayeimpinga, kwiringirwaikimenyetso).
• Menya impumuro yawe:Menya amasoko adashoboka (Amavuta n'amazi, umukungugu, umwuga uhagaze) kugirango uhitemo uburyo bwiza bwogusukura.
• Koresha ibikoresho bikwiye:Koresha brush yoroshye, imyenda yubusa, ibishoboka byose (ipa, acetone, amazi), hamwe nibikoresho byumutekano. Irinde ibikorwa bibi cyane keretse bibaye ngombwa kandi bikozwe neza.
• Kurikiza inzira y'ubukwe:Kugenzura, byumyeisuku (umwuka ufunzwe,gukaraba(Solvent Guhanagura / kwoza), byumye neza, no kongera kugenzura. Kurinda imitwe.
• Reka dusuzume ultrasonic gake:Ingirakamaro mugusukura cyane ariko ukoreshe witonze kugirango wirindeibyangiritse. Kugenzura igihe kandikwozaNibyiza.
• Igenamigambi rya electrochemical rifite imbaraga:Bisaba gusya (alumina /diyama), imbata zuzuye, akenshiultrasonicisuku, kandi rimwe na rimweelectrochemicalGukora kugirango ugere ku kwanduzaubuso. Gukurikirana na cvimpingaIsesengura.
• Irinde ibyangiritse:Gukora neza, kurinda insanganyamatsiko, koresha nezatorque, irinde ihungabana ryubushyuhe, hanyuma urebe guhuza imiti. Kwirinda ni urufunguzo.
• Kugenzura Isuku:Koresha ubugenzuzi buboneka, guhanagura ibizamini, kandi kurielectrochemicalakazi, CV Ikizamini.
• Ububiko kandi ukore neza:Komeza amashanyarazi, yumye, irinzwe (cyane cyane insanganyamatsiko), kandi ukemure nibikoresho bisukuye / uturindantoki kugirango ugabanye.
• Ubuvuzi bwateye imbere burahari:Amajyambere n'imikorere arashobora kuzamura imitungo nkindwara yo kurwanya okiside cyangwaelectrochemicalibikorwa kubikenewe byihariye.

Mugushyira mubikorwa aya mabwiriza, abakoreshaIbishushanyoIrashobora kwemeza ko imikorere myiza nubuzima buva muri ibi bice binenga, bigabanya ibibazo byimikorere no gukora neza.