Igishushanyo cyubwenge

Igishushanyo cyumvaga, akenshi cyirengagizwa, nigikoresho cyingenzi mubisabwa bitandukanye cyane. Iyi ngingo isimbuka mwisi yaIgishushanyonaCarbone yumvise, gusobanura ubwoko bwayo, inyungu, n'impamvu uhitamo utanga uburenganzira bwaweUbushyuheikeneye ni ngombwa. Niba uri mu musaruro w'icyuma, ukora amashanyarazi arcitanuras, cyangwa ugira uruhare muri metallurgy, gusobanukirwaIgishushanyoirashobora guhindura cyane ibikorwa byawe no gukora neza.

Igishushanyo mbonera kimeze neza na karubone cyumvaga, kandi ni iki kibatandukanya?

Imbere yayo,Umvani umwenda udahabwe wakozwe na fibre dutose hamwe. Iyo iyi fibre ariCARBON fibrecyangwafibre, Ibikoresho bivamo byerekana kurwanya ubushyuhe budasanzwe. Uzabura kumva amagamboCarbone yumvisenaIgishushanyoByakoreshejwe kimwe, ariko hariho itandukaniro ryoroshye.Carbone yumviseni mubyukuri intangiriroIgishushanyo. Byakozwe na Pyrolysis ya fibre kama, nkaRayon Carbone, ku bushyuhe bwinshi muri angaze ya inertibidukikije. Iyi nzira ikuraho ibintu bitari karubone, gusiga inyuma yimiterere yabazwe cyanekarubone. KuremaIgishushanyo, theCarbone yumviseiyoboweubushyuhe buvuwendetse n'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru (mubisanzwe hejuru ya 1800 ° C). Iyi nzira, izwi kugereranya, tera gahunda yakaruboneatome muburyo buteganijwe, imiterere ya kristalline, guha UwitekaIgishushanyondetse no hejuruUbushyuhe. Theyumvise ibyakozweKuva muriyi nzira yihatiye bidasanzweUbushyuhe bwo kwishyuza, Kubakora ibya ngombwa munganda zikemura ubushyuhe bukabije.

Bitekerezeho gutya:Carbone yumviseni nkumushinga utoroshye, mugiheIgishushanyoni verisiyo yanyuma. Byombi bitanga byizaIbikorwa byo kwirega, arikoIgishushanyomuri rusange exyehye hejurugukoranaisuku. Iri tandukaniro mumiterere rigira ingaruka kumikorere yabo muburyo butandukanye. Guhitamo hagatiCarbone yunvikana nigishushanyoakenshi biterwa nibisabwa byubushyuhe nibikeneweisuku.

Pan graphite na Rayon yumvise: Ni ubuhe bushushanyo bwumvaga bukwiye kubisaba?

Iyo bigeze kubikoresho bibisi bikoreshwa mu gutanga umusaruroIgishushanyo, amasoko abiri y'ibanze aragaragara:isafuriya (Karuboni ishingiye) naRayon ishingiyefibre. Iri tandukaniro ritangira cyane ibipimo byanyuma nibicuruzwa bitandukanye kubisabwa bitandukanye.Rayon yumvise, bikozwe kuri fibre zishingiye kuri selile, ni ubwoko gakondo bwaCarbone yumvise. Nyuma ya karubonisation,Rayon Carbone yumviseitanga ibyizaUbushyuhe, ariko muri rusange ifite hepfoIbirimo bya karubonekandi irashobora kuba irimo ivu ryagereranijwe ugereranijeisafuriya. TheUbushyuhe bwa RayonbishingiyeUmvana no hasi.

Ku rundi ruhande,isafuriya, ukomoka muri polyacrylonike (Pan) Fibre, wirata imitungo yo hejuru. TheIgishushanyo cyunvikana ibicuruzwa byakozweKuvaisafuriyaimurikagurishaIkamyo yo hejuru n'ivu ryo hasiIbirimo, biganisha ku kuzamuraUbushyuhekandi kininiIgishushanyo mbonera. Ibi bikoraisafuriyabyiza gusaba ibyifuzo bisaba imikorere idasanzwe, nkaitanurainvacuum na inert itanura rya gazindetse no muriBatterinkavanadium reddox zitembanaBattox igenda. Kubaguzi nka Mark Thompson bashyira imbere ubuziranenge, bwacuIbiro birasaba cyane Pan-BishingiyeIgishushanyokubikorwa byo hejuru no kuramba. MugiheRayon yumviseIrashobora gutanga igisubizo cyiza cyo gusaba gusaba gusaba, inyungu ndende zaisafuriyaakenshi biruta itandukaniro ryambere. Iyo usuzumye aKugereranya na Rayon, inyungu yimikorere yaisafuriyamubisanzwe bifite akamaro.

Nibihe bintu byingenzi bya karubone nigishushanyo cyunvikana bituma bakora neza kubushyuhe bukabije?

Imikorere idasanzwe yakarubone n'igishushanyomubushyuhe bwinshi buturuka ku guhuza bidasanzwe byumutungo. Ubwa mbere, bidasanzweUbushyuheUbushobozi burakomeye. Imiterere ya fibrous ifata umwuka, igabanya ubushyuhe. Iyi ni ingenzi kugirango ingufu zingweitanuraPorogaramu. Icya kabiri, byombiFelts ikoreshwa nka electrodeGushyigikira bitewe nubushobozi bwabo bwo kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane butashonga.Igishushanyo, byumwihariko, kwerekana nezaUbushyuhe, bivuze ko ishobora gukwirakwiza neza ubushyuhe, irinde ahantu hashyushye muri sisitemu. Uyu mutungo nibyingenzi mubisabwa nkasilicon ihumura itanura.

Byongeye kandi,karubone n'igishushanyobazwiho kurwanya igitero cimique muri benshiInganda. Bakomeza guhagararagaze ya inertnavacuumibidukikije, nibisanzwe muburyo bwo gutunganya ubushyuhe bwinshi. TheubuziranengeyaIbishushanyoKandi bigira uruhare mu kurwanya okidation ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru, cyane cyane iyo ugereranije n'ibyuma. Mugihe igihe kirekire cyo guhura nikirere kidafite umwuka mubushyuhe bwinshi cyane amaherezo gishobora gutuma umuntu yangiriyeho, imitungo isanzwe yakarubonenaigishushanyogutuma biracyaza cyane kuruta ibindi byinshiIbikoresho byo kwikinisha. Imiterere yoroshye yaUBUBASHAyemerera kandi kwishyiriraho byoroshye no guhuza imitekerereze igoye, ishobora kuba inyungu zikomeye muriitanuraigishushanyo no kubungabunga. NubwoUmvaga uraboneka muri karubone nigishushanyoamanota, theIcyiciro cya Grapheite kirasaKu bushyuhe bwinshi, bikaviramo imikorere yongerewe mugusaba ubushyuhe.

Igishushanyo cya karubone cyumvise gikoreshwa he? Gushakisha ibyifuzo bitandukanye byinganda.

Ibisobanuro byaIgishushanyo cya karubonebituma nta cyifuzo kinini munganda nini. Porogaramu yacyo yibanze iri muriUbushyuhe bwinshi. Uzasangavacuum na inert itanura rya gazi, aho bifasha gukomeza kugenzura ubushyuhe kandi bigabanya igihombo cyingufu. Mu nganda za metallurgy,Igishushanyo cyunvikana kirakoreshwacyane muburyo bwo kuvura bukabije, gutanga ingenziINGINGO ZIKURIKIRA. TheUmvakandi ugira uruhare runini mu nganda za semiconductor, aho ryakoreshwa mu itanura rishinzwe gukura.

Birenze kwishisho, ibintu bitwara neza byaIgishushanyokora bikwiranye no gukoresha nkukoelectrodeIbikoresho mubisabwa na electrochemical, harimoBatteri. Igishushanyo cya Rayon cyumvaga, kurugero, akenshi ukoreshwa murivanadium reddox zitemba. Theyumvaga araharimuburyo butandukanye kandi birashobora kugengwa-byateguwe kubikenewe byihariye. Inganda za Aerospace nazo zikoreshaCarbone yumviseKubworoshye kandiUbushyuheubushobozi mu ndege yihuta kandi yoga. Ndetse no mu turere twihariye, nkaIgishushanyo cyagutseumusaruro,Umvaikora nk'ibice by'ingenzi. Ubushobozi bwaIgishushanyo cyumva gishobora gukoreshwainvacuumcyangwa na bimweokiside ubushyuhe(Nubwo mubisanzwe biri munsi yuburyo bwa inert) Broadens ikoreshwa. KuvaUbushyuhe bwinshimubushakashatsi muri laboratoire nini-ingandaitanura, karubone n'igishushanyonibikoresho bitandukanye.

Ni ukubera iki ubuziranenge bwibishushanyo bwunvikana cyane, kandi bigira izihe ngaruka kubikorwa?

TheubuziranengeyaIgishushanyoni ikintu gikomeye kigira ingaruka kumikorere yayo no kuramba, cyane cyane mugusaba ibyifuzo. Hejuru-Igishushanyo cyezwaHarimo umwanda muto nka ash, sulfure, nibindi bintu by'imizi. Izi mndunduro zirashobora kugira ingaruka mbiyumvaUbushyuhe buhamye, amashanyarazigukora, no kurwanya ruswa. Kurugero, mubushyuhe bwinshiIbikoresho bya vacuum, umwanda urashobora gusohoka, kwanduza inzira ibidukikije kandi bishobora kugira ingaruka kumiterere yibikoresho bivurwa. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, muri electrochemical Porogaramu nkaBattox igenda, umwanda urashobora kubangamira ibikorwa bya electrochemical no kugabanya imikorere ya bateri na lifespan.

Kugeraisukubisaba guhitamo neza ibikoresho fatizo no gutunganya ibintu bigenzurwa. Nk'icyubahirouruganda, Twumva akamaro kaisukuhanyuma ushyire mubikorwa ingamba zo kugenzura ubuziranenge kugirango twemeze ibyacuIgishushanyoyujuje ibisobanuro bisabwa. Kubisabwa bisaba ibyinshiubuziranenge, nk'iz'abari mu nganda za semiconductor,Igishushanyo cyunvikana gishobora kwezwakure nyuma yo gukora. Kubaho kw'ibimenyetso byinshi byangiza birashobora guteshuka ku gicuruzwa cya nyuma cyangwa inzira. Kubwibyo, gusobanukirwa no kugenzuraubuziranengeurwego rwaIgishushanyoni umwanya wingenzi mubikorwa byiza no kwizerwa. Mugihe ugura, abaguzi nka Mark Thompson bagomba guhora basaba ibisobanuro birambuye hamwe nicyemezo cyo kugenzuraubuziranengeyaIgishushanyo.

Urebye imikorere yubushyuhe: Igishushanyo mbonera kigereranywa ki kigereranywa n'ibindi bikoresho byo kwikinisha?

Mugihe uhitamo anIbikoresho byo kwishuraKubisabwa-ubushyuhe bwinshi,Ubushyuheni umutungo wingenzi ugomba gusuzuma.Igishushanyogutandukanya hamwe no hasiUbushyuhe, kubigira inzitizi nziza kurwanya ubushyuhe. Ugereranije n'ibikoresho byuzuye nk'ibiroro,Igishushanyoitanga cyanegukora, biganisha ku mbaraga nzizaitanura. Mugihe ibikoresho nkibikoresho bya fibre ya ceramic nabyo bitanga ubushishozi bwiza,Igishushanyoakenshi birushaho kuba indashyikirwavacuumcyangwa igenzurwa nibidukikije aho fibre ceramic ishobora gutesha agaciro cyangwa hanze.

TheUbushyuheyaIgishushanyoirashobora gutandukana bitewe nuburyo bwo gukora nubwoko bwa fibre ikoreshwa.Igishushanyo gishingiye ku gishushanyo cyumvikanamuri rusange bimurika hejuruUbushyuhekurutaRayon-Ashingiye, ibyo bisa nkaho bihuye nibikoresho byo kwikinisha. Ariko, ibi hejurugukorayemerera gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, gukumira ibibanza bishyushye byaho no guteza imbere ubushyuhe bumwe muri aitanura. Iyi ni inyungu ikomeye muburyo bwinshi bwa metallurgical. Byongeye kandi, bitandukanye na gatoIbikoresho byo kwikinisha, IgishushanyoNibikoresho byoroshye, kubikemerera guhuza imiterere bigoye no kugabanya igihombo cyubushyuhe binyuze mu cyuho. Mugihe ibikoresho nkinyamanswa minema itanga ibiciro bihebuje kubushyuhe bwo hasi, ntabwo bikwiriye kubintu bikabije ahoIgishushanyoebles. Rero, isumbaUbushyuhe bwo kwishyuzayaIgishushanyo, cyane cyane mubushyuhe bukabije kandi bugenzurwa nibidukikije, bikahitamo guhitamo gusaba byinshi.

Ibirimo bya karubone n'ivu: Ni uruhe ruhare ibyo bintu bikina mu bwenge?

TheIbirimo bya karubonen'inyo ni ibipimo ngenderwaho byaUmvaubuziranenge no guhindura ibintu bitaziguye biranga imikorere. HejuruIbirimo bya karuboneMubisanzwe bisobanura byinshi kandi birambaUmva. Mu rwego rwaCarbone yumvisenaIgishushanyo, ijanisha ryinshi ryakarubonebisobanura bike mubindi bintu, biganisha ku buryo butera imbere neza no kurwanya okiside.Isafuriya Igishushanyomubisanzwe yirata aIkamyo yo hejuru n'ivu ryo hasiIbirimo ugereranije naRayon Umva, kugira uruhare mu mikorere isumbabyo.

Ibirimo ivu bivuga ibisigisigi bitarushijeho gutwika nyuma yaUmvaByatwitse. Ivu ryo hepfo ryerekana hejuruubuziranengen'umwanda muto. Izi mvugo zirashobora kugira ingaruka mbi kuriyumvaimikorere, cyane cyane mubushyuhe bwinshi. Kurugero, umwanda wa Licallic urashobora kwamajyama ibitarane, bigabanya UwitekayumvaUbuzima. Mubyifuzo byunvikana nkibikoresho bya Semiconductor, ndetse nishwe nkeya birashobora kwanduza inzira. Kubwibyo, abakora nkatwe baharanira kubyaraUmvahamwekarubone nini n'ibyo hasiKugirango ubone imikorere myiza no kuramba. Abaguzi nka Mark Thompson bagomba kwitondera cyane kubiteganijweIbirimo bya karubonen'ivu iyo ivura iyo risuzuma ibitandukanyeUmvaAmahitamo, nkiyi mibare yerekana ubuziranenge kandi bukwiriye ibikoresho kubyo bakeneye.

Urebye ibirenze ubushyuhe: Igishushanyo cyumvaga gikora nka electrode?

Mugihe uzwi cyane cyaneUbushyuheUmutungo,Igishushanyoirashobora gukora rwose nka anelectrodemuri electrocheki itandukanye. Amashanyarazigukorayaigishushanyobituma bikoresho bikwiye kuriyi ntego.Felts ikoreshwa nka electrodeGushyigikira muri Porogaramu nka selile za lisansi, supercacitors, kandi, cyane cyane,Batteri. Invanadium reddox zitemba, nk'urugero,Igishushanyoikora nkigiciro-cyiza kandi cyizaelectrodeibikoresho, byorohereza reaction ya electrochemical kubika no kurekura ingufu. Imiterere yaUmvaitanga ubuso bunini bwo kubibona kubaho, kuzamura imikorere ya bateri.

Guhitamo hagati yubwoko butandukanye bwaIgishushanyokurielectrodePorogaramu akenshi biterwa nibisabwa byihariye bya sisitemu. Ibintu nk'ubuso, uburozi, hamwe no kwerekana imiti ni ibitekerezo byingenzi. Mugihe DenserIbicuruzwankaIbishushanyozikoreshwa muburyo bwo hejuru cyane nka ARC y'amashanyarazi arcitanuras,IgishushanyoTanga uburyo bworoshye kandi buroroshye bworoshye kubisabwa aho ubucumbwa bwisumbuye budahangayikishijwe cyane.Igishushanyo ikoreshwa nka electrodeGushyigikira muburyo butandukanye bwibikoresho bya electrochemika byerekana uburyo burenze uruhare rwakazi rwayo nka anIbikoresho byo kwishura. Isosiyete yacu itangaIbicuruzwa, harimoIbishushanyonaUmva, kugaburira ibyo ukeneye inganda zitandukanye.

Ni iki abaguzi bakwiye Mark Thompson batekereza mugihe hakomagira igishushanyo mbonera cyumvikana mu ruganda rwo mu Bushinwa?

Kubaguzi nka Mark Thompson, lycingIgishushanyokuva aurugandainUbushinwaitanga ubushobozi bwo gukemura neza ibisubizo, ariko ni ngombwa gusuzuma ibintu byinshi kugirango ubufatanye bwiza.Kugenzura ubuziranengeni igihe kinini. Mark, hamwe nubunararibonye bwe, bumva akamaro ko kugenzura Uwitekaubuziranenge, Ibirimo bya karubone, nibindi bisobanuro bikomeye byaUmva. Gusaba ingero no kuyobora ikizamini cyuzuye mbere yo kwiyegurira amategeko manini ni ngombwa.Impamyabumenyi, nko mu byiciro no kwiyemeza kwihariye, gutanga ibyiringiro byaurugandasisitemu yubuyobozi bwiza nibicuruzwa byubahiriza amahame mpuzamahanga.

Ibikoreshonubundi bunyamubiri. Kohereza neza no gushyikirana neza kubyerekeye ibihe byambere ni ngombwa kugirango wirindeGutinda koherezaibyo birashobora guhungabanya umutekano - ikintu gikomeyeakababaroKuri Mark. GusobanukirwaUburyo bwo kwishyurabyemewe nuwabitanze kandi kugenzura inzira zizemewe nabyo ni ngombwa. Ikimenyetso cyashize cyashize gigaragaza ibyago byaRimwe na rimwe Icyemezo cyo Kwemeza nabatanga isoko, shimangira ubufasha bukwiye no kugenzura ukuri kwicyemezo. BifatikaItumanaho hamwe n'abahagarariye kugurisha ibicuruzwani ngombwa. Mark gucika intege hamweItumanaho ridakoraashimangira akamaro ko kugaragara, kwihuta, no muburyo bwiza bwa tekiniki. Guhitamo aurugandaHamwe no kwandika neza, inzira zifatika, no kwiyemeza ubuziranenge ni ngombwa mu kubaka urunigi rurerure, rwizewe.

Nigute utanga isoko yizewe ashobora kwemeza igishushanyo mbonera cyumvikana neza kandi kubyara mugihe?

Utanga isoko yizeweIgishushanyoSobanukirwa n'akamaro kinini k'ubuntu buhoraho kandi butangwa ku gihe kubakiriya babo. Guharanira ubuziranenge buhamye butangirana ingamba zo kugenzura ubuziranenge zidasanzwe muburyo bwo gukora. Ibi bikubiyemo guhitamo neza ibikoresho fatizo, nkaisafuriyacyangwaRayon Carbone, gukurikiza byimazeyo gukora protocole, kandi bigerageza ibicuruzwa byanyuma kugirango umenye ibisobanuro byayo, harimoubuziranengenaIbirimo bya karubone. AUruganda rufite imirongo 7, kimwe nuwacu, ufite ubushobozi nibikorwa remezo kugirango bibungabunga ubuziranenge buhamye nubwo bunini.

Gutanga ku gihe byishingikiriza kuri gahunda ifatika, Gucunga ibikoresho byoroshye, hamwe no gushyikirana neza nabakiriya. Gutanga ibihe bigezweho, ivugurura ryubahiriza amategeko, kandi serivisi yitabiwe ni ngombwa mu kubaka ikizere no kunyurwa nabakiriya. Gukemura ibibazo bishobora kuba biteye ubwoba kandi bifite gahunda zigizwe na gahunda birashobora kugabanya ibyago byo gutinda. Kurugero, kuba yarashyizeho umubano nabafatanyabikorwa bizewe ni ngombwa. Byongeye kandi, gutanga ibyangombwa byuzuye, harimo ibyemezo byibintu na raporo nziza, byerekana ko wiyemeje gukorera mu mucyo no kubazwa. Utanga isoko yizewe abonye umubano wabakiriya nkubufatanye, yibanda ku bufatanye igihe kirekire kandi buri gihe ashimangira ko abakiriya bakeneye ubuziranengeIgishushanyozitangwa ku gihe.

Imashini ikomeye:

• IgishushanyonaCarbone yumvisenibikoresho byingenzi kubushyuhe bukabijeUbushyuhe.
• Igishushanyo gishingiye ku gishushanyo cyumvikanaMubisanzwe bitanga imikorere isumba byose ugereranije naRayon-AshingiyeBitewe no hejuruubuziranengenaIbirimo bya karubone.
• TheubuziranengeyaIgishushanyoni ngombwa kubikorwa byiza mugusaba porogaramu.
• Igishushanyoirashobora kandi gukora nka anelectrodemubikoresho bya electrochemical nkaBatteri.
• Abaguzi bagomba gushyira imbereKugenzura ubuziranenge, impamyabumenyi, kandi kwiringirwaibikoreshoIyoIgishushanyoKuvaUbushinwa.
• Itumanaho ryiza no kwiyemeza gukomeye kubitanga byiza kandi mugihe gikwiye nicyo cyandikishwa cyizeweIgishushanyoutanga isoko.

Kubwiza bwawe bwizaIbicuruzwaibikenewe, harimo amanota atandukanye yaIbishushanyo, tekereza gushakisha amaturo yacu. Urashobora kandi kwiga byinshi kumikorere yacu yo hejuru yambere yatetse ka karubone cyangwa imirambo yacu iramba. Turi kuyoboraUruganda rwa electrode yumwuga.