Intangiriro y'ibicuruzwa
Ikibanza cyamakara, kizwi kandi nka coal tar igisibo kivuga ibisiba byasigaye nyuma yo gutandukanya amakara no gutunganya amakara kugirango ukureho ibice byamakara. Mubisanzwe ni amazi meza, igice kinini cyangwa gikomeye, umukara mumabara na glossy, hamwe nibirimo bya karubone nka 92% ~ 94% hamwe na hydrogen hafi ya 4% ~ 5%.
Ibice byingenzi byibice byamakara tar ni polycyclic na polycricarbone ya hydrocarbone nibikomokaho. Ibigize byihariye byimiterere biragoye cyane, kandi itandukaniro ryubwoko bwubutaka nyabwo no gutunganya uburyo bwo gutunganya birashobora kandi kuganisha ku itandukaniro mubigize. Uburyo bugezweho cyane cyane bushingiye ku bushyuhe bworoshye kandi bugaragaza.
Ikibuga cyamakara gifite ibiranga bikurikira:
- Ubushyuhe buke-buke kandi bworoshye bworoshye mugihe ashyushye.
- Amazi meza n'amabuye y'agaciro.
- Ihungabana ry'imihindagurikire y'ikirere ni umukene, kandi mu ngaruka ndende z'ubushyuhe, urumuri rw'izuba, ogisijeni, n'ibindi birahinduka cyane, bigatuma byoroshye gusaza kandi bikavunika.
- Plastike mbi, ikunda gucika intege kubera ubukana buciriritse.
- Harimo Fenol, antthracene, amavuta ya Naphthalene, nibindi bice, niko bifite ibintu byiza byo kurwanya ruswa.
Ukurikije ingingo zitandukanye, ikibuga cyamakara gishobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bitatu: ikibuga cyubushyuhe buciriritse, ubushyuhe bukabije, buri cyiciro cyinshi, icyiciro cya 1 cyakoreshejwe:
- Byakoreshejwe nka lisansi: Bitewe nibirimo Byinshi, muri rusange bivanze namavuta aremereye cyangwa bikozwe muburyo bukabije bwo gukoresha, bushobora gusimbuza amavuta menshi.
- Umusaruro wa electrode ya karubone: Impamyabumenyi yabo ya karubone itandukanye, kandi irashobora gukoreshwa nkibikoresho bya electrode kugirango umusaruro, hamwe nabakozi batose hamwe nabakozi batose.
- Umusaruro ushushanya: Nyuma yo gutunganya, birashobora gukoreshwa nkigihangange butagira amazi yinyubako n'imiyoboro, nka faal copoating.
- Ikoreshwa mubwubatsi no kubaka ibikoresho: Mubisanzwe bivanze na peteroli ya peteroli, imikorere ya asfalt ya asfalt iruta kubikoresha ukundi, ariko amakara ya tar afite ibintu byangiza kandi bigomba kuvurwa nabi mbere yo gukoresha.
- Kubyara ibicuruzwa byinshi-byongeraho nkumushishipore, wakoze karubone, fibre ya karubone, nibindi.
Iyo ukoresheje amakara tar, hagomba kwitondera uburozi bwayo kugirango wirinde ubuzima bwabantu, kandi uburinzi bwibidukikije nabwo bugomba kwitabwaho kugirango bugabanye umwanda mubidukikije mugihe cyo gutanga umusaruro no gukoresha.
