Kodi zinthu zabwino kwambiri zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito ndi ziti? Kumvetsetsa maunyolo a aofesi komanso kupitirira

Kusankha UfuluZinthu za Anodendizofunikira pamapulogalamu ambiri, chifukwa chopewa mtengokuchulukaPa zombo ndi mapaipi okakamiza zida zomwe timagwiritsa ntchito tsiku lililonse. Kaya mukuchita nawoZopereka ZoperekaKuteteza zomangamanga kapena kusankhaZipangizo za mabatire a lithiamu-ion, kumvetsetsa kuti katundu ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyanamalodeMitundu ndi kiyi. Nkhaniyi imakhudza dziko laAyode, kufufuza zomwe ali, momwe amasiyanatoka, sayansi kumbuyoZopereka Zopereka, kuyerekezera zinthu wamba ngatizinc Ayode, Aluminium Ayode, ndipoMagnesium Awodes, ngakhalenso kukhudzana ndiZipangizo za Anodengatigilaphitentchito mabatire amakono. Ngati mumadalira nyumba zachitsulo m'miyendo kapena ntchitoMakina osungirako mphamvu, kumvetsetsaZinthu zabwino kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchitozanumalodeikhoza kukupulumutsirani nthawi, ndalama, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mwagwira ntchito mwaluso. Monga munthu amene watha zaka zambiri muZida ZopangaMakampani, makamakagilaphiteZogulitsa pa fakitale yathu ku China, i, Allen, ndawonapo zoyambira kusankha zoyeneraZinthu za Anode.

Kodi mawonekedwe ndi chiyani kwenikweni komanso momwe zimakhalira ndi kachika?

M'malo mwaelokerochem, kumvetsetsa maudindo ofunikira amalodendiku castndizofunikira. Mitundu iwiri iyi yaElectrodesNdiwo mawebusayiti omwe amasinthana ndi ziweto ngati mabatire kapena nthawi zambiri ngati chitetezo chamoto. Amalodeimafotokozedwa ngatiekitirodikomwe maxidation achitika - kutanthauza kuti amataya ma elekitoni. Mosiyanasiyana,ku castndiekitirodikomwe kuchepetsedwa kumachitika - kumapeza ma elekitironi. Ganizirani ngati msewu wanjira imodzi ya electrons: amayendakutalikuchokeramalode, yendani kudzeraKuzungulira Kwanja(ngati waya kapenachitsuloKutetezedwa), ndikuyendamuaku cast.

Kusiyanaku pakatimalo ndi cashopundizovuta. Mu batire kupereka mphamvu (kuchotsera), Theelectrode yoyipandimalode, ndielectode yabwinondiku cast. Komabe, popereka batri yobwezeretsanso, maudindo osinthika kutengeraekikitiKuyenda mokakamizidwa ndi charger. Munthawi yakuchulukaKupewa (komwe tikambirana zambiri), ThemalodendichitsuloNyanjayi, pomweku castndichitsulokutetezedwa. Kumvetsetsa kusiyana kwakukulu ndi gawo loyamba posankha zolondolaZinthu za Anodepa ntchito iliyonse, kaya ndi yosavutaColvanicstrenario kapena zovutaBatire ya li-iondongosolo. AmalodeKukula bwino 'kapena kumasintha monga kumapereka ma electrons.

Kodi nchifukwa ninji kumvetsetsa mphamvu zamagetsi?

Lingaliro laZotheka Zotheka(omwe amadziwikanso kuti kuchepetsa kapena kuthekera kwa oxida) ndiye chinsinsi chomvetsetsachifukwawinawakeZitsulokhalaniAyodewachibale. Onsechitsulondipo kuchititsa zinthu zili ndi chibadwa chofuna kupeza ma elekitoni ndikumizidwa muelemalyte(yankho, mongamadzi amcherekapena batry acid). Izi zimawerengedwa ngati zakeZotheka Zotheka, oyesedwa mu volts (Voteji). Ngati awiri osiyanaZitsuloamalumikizidwa pamagetsi muelemalyte, yemwe ali ndizoipa zina(kapena pang'ono)Zotheka Zothekaadzakhalamalode- ili ndi chizolowezi champhamvu chotaya ma electrons (oxidize). Achitsulondizabwino kwambiri mphamvuamakhalaku cast.

Kusiyana ukukuthekera kwamagetsindiye mphamvu yoyendetsa kumbuyoColvanicndi ntchito ya ma cell a galvanic (mabatire osavuta). Zokulirapo kusiyana mkatimphamvupakati pa awiriwoZitsulo, olimba amayendetsaekikitikuyenda ndi mwachangumalodekhumbobwalokapena achite. Mwachitsanzo,magnesiumali ndi vuto lalikulu kwambirimphamvuPoyerekeza ndi chitsulo, ndikupangitsa kukhala chothandiza kwambiri, chosankha mwachangu,malodekuteteza chitsulo. Kumvetsetsa izimphamvuMakhalidwe amalola opanga ndi kugula akatswiri ngati Marko Thompson kulosera kutichitsuloadzakhalamalodendipo zomwe zingakhaleku castmu dongosolo lopatsidwa, kupangitsa kuti mapangidwe alusoChitetezoMakina kapena mabatire abwino. Akuthekera kwa mafutaKusiyanitsa kumathandizanso kuchuluka kwaKuchita Zinthupamalode.

Kodi mawonekedwe a nsembe ndi chiyani ndipo imagwira ntchito bwanji?

A Zopereka Zoperekandichinthu chofunikira kwambiri m'njira yodziwikakuchulukaKuwongoleraChitetezo. Lingaliro loyambirira ndi losavuta koma lanzeru: mumayambitsa chidutswa chachitsuloIzi zimasokonekera mosavuta (zochulukirapowogwirika, kutanthauza kuti kuli kolakwikaZotheka Zotheka) kuposachitsuloKapangidwe kamene mukufuna kuteteza. "Izi" Zopereka "chitsuloamakhalamalodeMu cell ya electrochemical idapangidwa, pomwe mawonekedwe omwe mukutetezera (monga mbiya ya sitima, kapena thanki ya madzi) imakhalaku cast.

Kodi izi zimateteza bwanji chilichonse? LitikuchulukaMakhalidwe alipo (nthawi zambiri amakhudza achitsulo, aelemalytengatimadzi amcherekapena ngakhale dothi lonyowa, komanso kulumikizana kwamagetsi),Zopereka ZoperekaZoloza bwino, kutaya ma elekitironi ndikusungunuka pakapita nthawi. Ma elekitironi awa amayenda pamagetsi (nthawi zambiri amakhala) kwaku cast(otetezedwachitsulo), komwe amatenga nawo mbali kusintha (nthawi zambiri kumakhudza mpweya wosungunuka kapena madzi). Pokakamiza kukhala kotetezedwa kukhalaku cast, mumalepheretsa kuti zisasiye ma elekitironi ake ndipo motero muyipitse. Izi ndiye tanthauzo laChitetezo: TheZopereka Zoperekaamadzipereka kuti apulumutse mtengo kapena wotsutsachitsulokapangidwe. Kuthandiza kumadalira kwathunthuZinthu za Anodekukhala ndi wotsika kwambirimphamvukuposaZitsulo zikutetezedwa. Ili ndi Primegwiritsani ntchito ngati malo odzipereka.

Zinn Anode vs. aluminium eniedi: omwe ali bwino kwa madzi amchere?

Pankhani yoteteza zitsulo ndi zinaZitsulomumadzi amcheremalo,zinc AyodendiAluminium Ayodendi zosankha ziwiri zodziwika bwinoZopereka Zopereka. Onsewa ali ndi zabwino komanso zovuta zina.Zinc Ayode, nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa kuchokera kwa enachitsuloKukumana ndi zigawo zankhondo (ma mil-devo), akhala chisankho chachikhalidwe kwazaka zambiri. Amapereka zodalirika, zokhazikikamphamvuKusiyana kwachitsulo, perekani zabwinokukula(kuchuluka kwa ndalama zoperekedwa pa unit), ndipo amakondabwaloMomwemo. Chojambula chawo chachikulu ndi chotsika chawokuthekera kwa mafutapoyerekeza ndi aluminiyamu kapenamagnesium, kutanthauza kuti sangateteze kokwanira madera osakhalapo ngati madzi amoto kapena ngatichokutilaPa zotetezedwa ndizowonongeka.

Aluminium Ayode, mwachindunjialuminium wambayokhala ndi Indium ndi zinc kuti mupewe passtivation (kupanga chotetezaoxidiewosanjikiza yemwe amasiya ntchito), amapereka zabwino zingapo. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi apamwambakuthekera kwamagetsikusiyana pa chitsulo kuposazinc Ayode, kumapereka chitetezo champhamvu. Modzifunira, amakhalanso ndi mphamvu kwambirikukulapa mapaundi - kutanthauzaaluminium sodeza kulemera kofanana ndi azinn malodeakhozanthawi yayitalikapena perekani zoteteza pano. Izi zimapangitsa kuti akhale okongola pazogwiritsa ntchito komwe kumayambitsa kulemera kapena kusinthasintha pafupipafupi ndi nkhawa. Komabe, kuwongolera kwapadera ndikofunikiraAluminium Ayode; Opangidwa bwino amatha kutchuka komanso kukhala osathandiza. KwadzinoNtchito, Makonoaluminium wambanthawi zambiri amakondedwa chifukwa cha kukwera kwawokukula, komazinc Ayodekhalani njira yodalirika, yoyesedwa nthawi. Kusankha pakatizinc ndi aluminiumNthawi zambiri zimabwera kuntchito zothandizirana ndi kuwunika kwa mtengo.

Kodi magnesium anyezi ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito liti?

Pamenezinc AyodendiAluminium Ayodelandamadzi amchereMapulogalamuwo,Magnesium Awodesimatulutsa Niche yawo mwamadzi atsopano. Magnesiumndizochulukirapowogwirikaza wambaZopereka ZoperekaZipangizo, kutanthauza kuti ndizovuta kwambiriZotheka Zotheka(mozungulira -1.6v to -1.75v poyerekeza ndi Ag / AgCl Reference, motsutsana ndi -1.05v ya zinkinchitsuloAyode). Uyumphamvukusiyana kumapangitsaMagnesium Awodesmogwira mtima poperekaChitetezo, makamaka m'ma elemalelyte okhala ndi magetsi apamwamba, mongamadzi atsopano.

Chufukwamadzi atsopanosizowoneka bwino kuposamadzi amchere, kuyendetsa kwambiriVotejiwaMagnesium Awodesnthawi zambiri pamafunika kukankha zovomerezeka zaposachedwa kwaku cast(Kapangidwe kake katetezedwa, ngati thanki yamphamvu kapenaBoti m'madzi atsopano). Komabe, kufupika kwambiri kumabwera pamtengo.Magnesium AwodesCorrode mwachangu kuposa zinc kapena aluminiumAyodeMu chilengedwe chilichonse, makamakamadzi amchereKomwe angagonjetse ndikuyambitsachokutilakuwonongeka (yidrojen of eydrogen). Apansikukula. ChonchoMagnesium Awodesndi posankhamadzi atsopanontchito koma nthawi zambiri osayenera kapena ocheperadzinogwiritsani ntchito.

Kodi Zipembedzo Zina Zingakhale Zosangalatsa?

Inde, mwamtheradi. Maziko a achitsulomongamalodekapenaku castndim'bale. Chilichinsechitsuloikhoza kukhala ngatimalodeNgati ali ndi magetsiZambiri chitsulo chabwino(achitsulondi zabwino kwambiriZotheka Zotheka) Pamaso paelemalyte. Mwachitsanzo, zitsulo zidzakhala ngatimalodendibwaloNgati mungalumikizidwe ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena mkuwa mkatimadzi amchere. Chitsulo ndiAndodickunickel. Uwu ndiye mfundo ya kumbuyoColvanic- chimbudzi chosayenera chomwe chimachitika pakasukaZitsuloakukumana.

Komabe, tikamalankhulaZipangizo za Anodentchito zothandiza ngatiChitetezokapena mabatire, timasankha zinthu zina zomwe zimakhala ndi ntchito imeneyo. WaZopereka Zopereka, tikufunaZitsulongati zinc, aluminium, kapenamagnesiumchifukwa ali ndi vuto lalikulumphamvukuposa zofananiraZitsulomonga chitsulo, ndikupereka mphamvu yoteteza. Timaonanso zinthu ngati mtengo,kukula, momwe iwo amakhalirabwalo, ndi chilengedwe. Pomwe ambiriZitsulo angathekhalaAyode, ochepa okha ndi omwe ali oyenera komanso othandiza pofalikiragwiritsani ntchito ngati malo odziperekakapena ngati magwiridwe antchitoekitirodizigawo za mabatire. Kapangidwe ka kholazitsuloNthawi zina amatha kukwaniritsa zomwe zingachitikemalode, ndikungoyankha pokhapokha ngati zinthu zina zoyatsira zidawonjezeredwa, monga zikuwonekeraaluminium wambaadapangiraAndodicchitetezo.

Kodi zida zazikulu za maofesi a lithium-ion ndi ati?

Kusunthira ku chitetezo cha kuwonongeka kwa mphamvu yosungirako mphamvu, amalodeamagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiriZipangizo za mabatire a lithiamu-ion. MuzofananaBatire ya li-ion,malode(aelectrode yoyipaPa nthawi yotulutsa) ndiekitirodiomwe amatenga ma iyonium lithium (iombo) Batire ikangolipiritsa ndikuzimasulira ikathamangitsa. Kusankha kwaZinthu za Anodezimakhudza kwambiri betrikukula(Mphamvu zingati zomwe zingasungidwe), liwiro lolipiritsa (mtengo wapamwambakuthekera), moyo wamoyo, ndi chitetezo.

Wotchuka kwambiriZinthu za Anodepafupi ndigilaphite. Chifukwagilaphite? Gilaphite, mawonekedwe a kaboni, ali ndi mawonekedwe omwe amalola iyo ya lithiamu kuti ikhale pakati pa zigawo (njira yotchedwakuigawana) Pakulipiritsa ndikusanthula nthawi yopukutira (telalandi chinyengo).Kuwala kwakukulu 99.9% graphite ufandi kukonzedwa mwapaderachithunziZipangizo zimapereka zabwino zingapo:

• Mwachindunjikukula(pafupifupi 372 Mah / g mwazomwezo).
• Moyo Wabwino Kwambiri (ungapirire ambiriKulipiritsa ndikutulutsaZozungulira).
• Mtengo wotsika komanso kuchuluka.
• KholaVotejimbiri.

EnaZipangizo za Anodeakufufuzidwa mwachangu ndikupanga kuthanagilaphiteZopanda malire (makamaka zolowerakukula). Izi ndi monga:

• Silicon (SI):Amapereka kwambiri zachiwerewerekukula(oposa 3000 mah / g) koma akudwala kwambiri pakukula kwakukulu nthawikuigawana, zomwe zikuyambitsa mwachangukuwonongeka. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizana ndigilaphite.
• Lithiamu Titanate (Lto):Imapereka moyo wamtundu wapadera komanso chitetezo, ndipo amalola kuti andilipirire kwambiri, koma ali ndi otsikakukulandi mtengo wapamwamba.
• Graphene ndi kaboni ina:Kufufuzidwa chifukwa cha kungolipira mwachangu komanso kuchita zinthu zabwino.Gitala, wosanjikiza umodzi wagilaphite, akuwonetsa lonjezo.
• Zitsulo Maxizis:WinawakezitsuloakufufuzidwansoZipangizo za Anode.

Zida Zoyenera ziyeneraKhalani okhoza bwino kwambiri aons opanda nzeru popanda kuwononga mwaluso paming'alu yambiri. Kukula kwapamwambakabonindi SiliconAyodendizofunikira kwambiri m'badwo wotsatiraMakina osungirako mphamvu, kuphatikizaMagalimoto a hybrid (hev)ndiGrid-Scale Kusunga Mphamvu.

Kodi chuma chimathandizira bwanji batri?

Pomwe Nkhaniyi ikunena zamalode, ndizosatheka kukambirana za batri popanda kuvomereza gawo lofunikira laCast Cascode. Aku cast(aelectode yabwinoPa nthawi yotulutsa) ndiekitirodikutiamatulutsalithiamu iyoyo nthawi yomwe imalipiritsa ndipoamavomerezanthawi yomwe amautukula. ACast Cascodemakamaka amasankha a batriVoteji, onsekukula (Mphamvu ndi Mphamvu), mtengo, ndi chitetezo.

WakomoniCascode zidandi zitsulo zambirioxidiwa. Zitsanzo zazikuluzikulu zikuphatikiza:

• Lithiamu Coble Oxide (licoo2 kapena lco):Amapezeka m'magetsi ambiri pamagetsi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake kwamphamvu. Komabe,cobalaZida zimakweza mtengo komanso nkhawa zolimbitsa thupi, ndipo lco ali ndi malire.Coblet oxidePamodzi ndi gawo lofunikira.
• Lithiamu Nickel Manganese Cobart Oxide (NMC):Kusankha kotchuka kwa magalimoto amagetsi, kupereka mphamvu, mphamvu, moyo, ndikusintha chitetezo kuyerekeza ndi LCO. Kuchuluka kwanickel, manganese, ndi cobalt amatha kukonzedwa m'malo osiyanasiyana.
• Lithiamu in phosphate (lfp):Wodziwika chifukwa cha chitetezo chabwino kwambiri, moyo wautali, komanso wotsika mtengo (ayicobala). Zojambula zake zazikulu ndizotsikaVotejindi mphamvu zopatsa mphamvu poyerekeza ndi NMC kapena LCO, ngakhale izi zikuyenda bwino.
• Lithiamu Nickel Cobalt Aluminium Oxide (NCA):Kugwiritsa ntchito opanga ena opanga, kupereka mphamvu zambiri koma zimafunikira kusamala kwa mpweya.

Kuyanjana pakati paZinthu za Anode(mongagilaphite) ndiCast CascodeMkati mwaelemalyteimalamulira zonse zaBatire ya li-ion. Ofufuzawo amafufuza zatsopanoZipangizo za Catodezomwe zimapereka kwambirikukula, chitetezo chabwino, moyo wautali, mwachanguZogulitsakuthekera, ndikutsika mtengo, nthawi zambiri kumangoyang'ana kapena kuthetsa zinthu zodula kapena zovuta ngaticobala. Synergy pakatimalodendiku castchitukuko ndi kiyi yopititsa patsogolo ukadaulo wa batri. Onseelectode yabwinondielectrode yoyipaZipangizo ndi zotsutsa.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimatsimikizira zinthu zabwino kwambiri kuti mugwiritse ntchito kwa adode?

KusankhaZinthu zabwino kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchitokwamalodeSikuti kukula kwake sikuti ndi chisankho chonse. Wothetsa nkhawakusankha koyambirazimatengera kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito ndi ntchito. Zinthu zazikulu zimaphatikizapo:

1. Zotheka:

   • Zopereka Zopereka:AZinthu za Anodeayenera kukhala ndi vuto lalikulumphamvukuposachitsuloKutetezedwa kuti zithandizire kuyendetsa bwinoVotejiwaChitetezo. Zofunikamphamvukusiyana kumadaliraelemalyte"Chisoni (madzi amcherevsmadzi atsopano).
   • Maofesi a Battery:AZothekazimakhudza maselo onseVoteji. WotsikaZotheka(wachibale kupita ku Lithiamu) nthawi zambiri amabweretsa ku cell yapamwambaVotejimotero mphamvu zapamwamba kwambiri.

2. Mphamvu:

   • Zopereka Zopereka:Okwezekakukula(Maora-pa kilogalamu kapenapa voliyumu iliyonse) amatanthauzamalodekhumbonthawi yayitalikapena yaying'ono / yopepukamalodeitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito.Aluminium wambaNthawi zambiri perekani kwambirikukulaZina mwa zinthu zopereka zopereka.
   • Maofesi a Battery:Zapamwambakukula. Iyi ndi woyendetsa wamkulu wofufuza m'magulu ngati silika.

3. Ntchito Zogwira:

   • Zopereka Zopereka:Zochita (madzi amchere, Mwala,madzi atsopano, nthaka), kutentha, ndi kuyatsa kotentha konsemalodemagwiridwe antchito ndi kumwa.Magnesiumenvelllmadzi atsopano, pomwezinc ndi aluminiumali bwinodzino.
   • Maofesi a Battery:Mitundu Yotentha, YofunikaKulipiritsa ndikutulutsaMitengo, ndipo malingaliro a chitetezo amathandizira kusankha (E.g., l kuti mphamvu yayikulu ndi chitetezo).

4. Kuchita bwino komanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira:

   • Zopereka Zopereka:Zoyenera,malodeayenerabwalomokwanira komanso moyenera popanda kuperekedwa (oxidieKupanga kwa wosanjikiza) kapena kuvunda kwambiri.
   • Maofesi a Battery:Kuchita bwino kumagwirizana ndikuchepetsa kutaya kosasinthika pakuyenda njinga. Yunifomukuigawana/ De-Intercation ndiyofunikira kwambiri.

5. Mtengo ndi kupezeka:Mphamvu ya mtengoZinthu za AnodeNdipo njira yake yopanga imakhala nthawi zonse kuganizira kwambiri, makamaka kwa ntchito zazikulu ngati kutetezedwa ndi marineGrid-Scale Kusunga Mphamvu. GilaphiteKuchuluka kwa 'SMabatire a Li-ion.

6. Makina katundu ndi mawonekedwe:AZinthu za Anodeziyenera kukhala zopangidwa mu mawonekedwe ofunikira (E.g., HullAyode, chibangiriAyodekwa ma piverlines,ekitirodizopangira mabatire). Mwachitsanzo,mabodi okwera kwambirionetsani kuthekera kopanga zinthu zolimbagilaphite.

Poganizira izi zimavomereza kusankha koyeneraZinthu za AnodeKuti mukwaniritse zomwe mukufuna, moyo wamoyo, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mtengo.

Kodi nchifukwa ninji kuwongolera kwabwino kuli kofunikira kwambiri muzinthu za sode?

Monga wina woyang'aniraZida Zopangamu fakitale yokhala ndi mizere 7 yopanga, yopanga zinthu mongaUltra-Wamphamvu Kwambiri Elekite Elekites, Sindingathe kupititsa patsogolo kufunika kwa ulamuliro wamphamvu, makamakaZipangizo za Anode. Kaya ndiZopereka Zoperekakapena batriekitirodi, kusagwirizana kosavomerezeka kumatha kulephera musanachitike, kusachita bwino, chitetezo cha chitetezo, komanso zotayika zambiri za ogwiritsa ntchito - zomwe zimangotulutsidwa ndi ogula Thompson.

WaZopereka Zopereka (zinn malode, aluminium sode, Magnesium Awodes), Kuwongolera kwapamwamba kumayambitsa:

• Zolondola za Alloy:Ngakhale kusiyanasiyana kakang'ono muAlloy ntchitoamatha kusintha kwambirimalode'Smphamvu, kukula, ndipo chizolowezi chochita pasawundo. Zoyipa zimatha kuchepetsa luso kapena chifukwa chotupa.
• Magwiridwe osasunthika:Ogwiritsa ntchito amadaliraAyodeKuteteza kumoyo wawo woyembekezeka. Kuwongolera koyenera kumabweretsa zosatsimikizikakuwonongekakomanso kulephera kwaChitetezokachitidwe, kusiya ndalama zotsika mtengokuchuluka.
• Chithandizo Chodalirika:MakamakaAluminium Ayode, kupanga koyenera kumalepheretsa kuchitikaoxidiezigawo zomwe zithakutiraamalodendi kum'patsa zopanda pake.
• Zidaliro zolondola:Opanga otchuka amapereka diretifier (E.g., ISO, ISO,)Zinthu za Anodeimakumana ndi miyezo yofunikira. Izi zimalimbikitsa kudalirana ndikupewa zovuta ngati zachinyengo, kupweteka kwa ululu kwa ogula.

Kwa batriZipangizo za Anodengatigilaphite:

• Purity:Zosayipa zimatha kuyambitsa mavuto mbali, kuchepetsa moyo wa batri komanso zomwe zingayambitse kutetezeka.
• Kukula kwa tinthu ndi morphology:Mikhalidwe yakuthupi yagilaphiteufa (nanopaarticlekukula, mawonekedwe, kumtunda) mwachindunjitelalaKinetics, akuwongolera kudulira kuthamanga ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu. Kusasinthika ndi kiyi.
• Umphumphu:Zofooka muchithunzikapangidwe kakulepheretsanikuigawanandikuwongolera mwachangukuwonongekapameneKulipiritsa ndikutulutsaZozungulira.

Pamapeto pake, chiwongola dzanjaZida ZoyambiraTimamasulira kudalirika, chitetezo, ndi magwiridwe antchito. Izi zimaphatikizapo kusamala mosamala kusankha, njira yolondola (kusakanikirana, kuponyera mankhwala, othandizira kutentha), ndikuyesa mankhwala, kuyeserera kwa mankhwala,Kuyesa kwa nthawi yayitaliprotocols). Kwa ogula zinthu zowonjezera izi, kutsutsana ndi wopanga yemwe amachititsa ndipo amatha kuwonetsa kuwongolera kwamphamvu kuti apewe zolephera zabwino ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kuchita bwino. Kudzipereka kwathu kuAkatswiri a graphite elekitirodeimamangidwa pamaziko a mawonekedwe.

Makina Othandizira pazinthu za Ande:

• Amalodendiekitirodikomwe maxidation (kutayika kwa ma elekitoni) kumachitika, pomweku castNdipamene kuchepetsedwa (phindu la electrons) limachitika.
• Zotheka Zothekaamalamula kutichitsuloamakhalamalodeMu banja la galvanic; amene ali ndi vuto lalikulumphamvuchimanga.
• Zopereka Zopereka (zinn malode, aluminium sode, Magnesium Thede) Tetezani zofunikira kwambiriZitsulo (ku cast) Pamunda m'malo mwake, njira yotchedwaChitetezo.
• Zinc Ayodeali odalirikamadzi amchere; Aluminium Ayodeperekani zochulukakukulamumadzi amchereKoma pamafunika kuwongolera kwabwino;Magnesium Awodespereka mmwambamphamvuzabwinomadzi atsopanoKoma rorrode mwachangu.
• Gilaphitendiye wamkuluZinthu za AnodemuMabatire a Li-ionChifukwa cha zabwino zakekukula, moyo wozungulira, ndi mtengo, kupangitsa lithiamuiomboKusunga kudzerakuigawana.
• Silicon ndi zida zina zapamwamba (gitala, Lto,zitsulo) akupangidwa ngatiZipangizo za Anodezapamwambakukulakapena phompho mwachangu.
• ACast Cascode(nthawi zambiri litaliyamuzitsuloMonga Lco, NMC, LFP) imakhudza batireVoteji, kukula, chitetezo, ndi mtengo.
• KusankhaZinthu zabwino kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchitokwamalodezimatengeramphamvu, kukula, chilengedwe (madzi amcherevsmadzi atsopano) Kuwononga ndalama, komanso kumoyo.
• Kuwongolera koyenera panthawiZida Zoyambirandizofunikira pakuwonetsetsa ntchito mosasinthasintha, kupewetsa kulephera kwa nthawi yanu (kuchuluka, kuwonongeka), ndikuwonetsa chitetezo mwa onse awiriZopereka Zoperekandi maofesi a battery.