Tsegulani kuthekera kwa pyrolytic graphite: katundu ndi mapulogalamu

Pyrolytic Graphite ndi mtundu wapadera wa graphite wokhala ndi zinthu zapadera, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yofunika kwambiri kumbali zambiri. Nkhaniyi ikukhudza machitidwe, kupanga, ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana zaPyrolytic Graphite, kuwunikira chifukwa chake ndi chinthu chosankha pakufuna ukadaulo. Tiona mawonekedwe ake apadera, mafuta ndi zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi, ndi momwe izi zimathandizira pakugwiritsa ntchito pazinthu zonse zamagetsi ku Aergonics to Anderogoce. Kwa akatswiri monga Marko Thompson, kumvetsetsa tsatanetsatanewu kungapereke mpikisano wampikisano pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi.

1.

Pyrolytic Graphitendi mtundu wapadera, wopangidwa ndi munthu wopangidwa kudzera mu njira yotchedwa mankhwala nthunzikuphimba(CVD). Mosiyana ndi graphite yachilengedwe kapena graphite wamba,Pyrolytic Graphitendi zinthu za polycrystalline, kutanthauza kuti ndi makhiristo ang'onoang'ono a graphite. Komabe, makhiristo awa ndiomangika kwambiri, kuperekaPyrolytic Graphiteena apadera kwambiri. Zinthu zomwe zili zofanana ndi graphite zimapangidwa pomwe ahydrocarbonmpweya (monga methane) amawombedwa kwambirikutentha kwambirimumlengalenga. Izi zimapangitsa mpweya kutichowola, ndikaboni atomus adayika osanjikiza ndi wosanjikiza pagela.

Kapangidwe kake kameneka ndi kiyi yomvetsetsaPyrolytic Graphite. Ndizofanana ndi kuthira mapepala ambiri owonda. Tsamba lililonse limayimira wosanjikiza wagitala, komwekaboni atomuS ali olumikizidwa mwamphamvu mu chitoliro cha hexinal. Zomangira izi mkati mwa ndege ndizolimba kwambiri (zomangira zophimba), koma zomangira pakati paZigawo zokongoletserandizofooka kwambiri (a van der Waals Force). Kusiyana kumeneku pakati pa ndege pakati pa ndege ndi ndege, kumapangitsa kuti zinthu zitheanisotropy.

2. Kodi Phokoso la Pyroly limapangidwa bwanji? Mawonekedwe owoneka bwino.

Kupanga kwaPyrolytic Graphitezimaphatikizapo njira yodziwika bwino yodziwika ngati mankhwalaVapor. Kwenikweni, ahydrocarbonmpweya, monga methane (Ch4), imayambitsidwa m'chipinda chopumira chokhala ndi agela. Chipindacho chimatenthedwa kwambirikutentha kwambiri, nthawi zambiri pamtunda wa 2000 ° C mpaka 3000 ° C. Kutentha kwambiri kumayambitsahydrocarbongasi kutichowola- Njira yodziwikapyrolysis.

Pamenepyrolysis,kaboni atomuS kuchokera ku mafuta owonda amasungidwa kugela. Ma atomu amadzipangira okha mgulu loimbidwa, lopangidwaPyrolytic Graphite. Mlingo wakuphimba, kutentha, ndipo kupsinjika mkati mwa chipindacho ndi cholamulidwa bwino kuti chithandizire zomaliza zaPyrolytic Graphite. Kuwongolera pazinthu izi kumalola kuti zigwirizane ndi kachulukidwe kazinthu,Mafuta Omwe Amachita, ndi machitidwe ena.
Izi zitha kuphatikizapoPyrulyc graphite sheet.

3. Kodi zofunikira za Pyrolytic graphite ndi iti?

AKatundu wa Pyrolytic Graphitetsinde mwachindunji kuchokera ku mawonekedwe ake apadera, owoneka bwino kwambiri. Izi zimapanga zosiyana zosiyana muzochita zake kutengera malangizowo. Nawa zina ndi zina:

• Anisotropy:Iyi mwina ndi mawonekedwe aPyrolytic Graphite. Malo ake ndiowongolera kwambiri. Mkati mwa ndege (mu ndege) Zikuwonetsa zabwino kwambirimadzi othandizandiZochita zamagetsi. Komabe, muKuwongolera MerpecularKwa zigawozo, izi zimachepetsedwa kwambiri.
• Kukwera kwamphamvu (mu ndege): Pyrolytic GraphiteamadzitamandiraMafuta Omwe AmachitaPa ndege ya zigawo zake, ngakhale zopitilira mkuwakutentha kwa chipinda.
• Mawonekedwe otsika (a perpendicular grune):Mosiyana ndi izi, zakeMafuta Omwe AmachitaPerpendiclar ndi zigawozo ndizochepa kwambiri, ndikupangitsa kukhala abwino kwambiri popita mbali.
• Diamagnetism Pyrolytic Graphitendi wamphamvuMatumba a Diamagine, kutanthauza kuti amalandamaginitominda. Katunduyu ndi aniotropic.
• Kutentha Kwambiri:Imatha kupirira kwambirikutentha kwambirim'makhalidwe opanda kanthu popanda kuwonongeka kwakukulu.
• Mankhwala Osakhazikika: Pyrolytic Graphitendisitima, kukana zochita ndi mankhwala ambiri.

4. Chifukwa chiyani mapangidwe a pyrolyy a graphite ndiwodabwitsa?

WapafupiMafuta a Pyrolytic GraphiteMu ndege ya zigawo zake ndi chifukwa cha mayendedwe abwino a phonon (kugwedezeka) kudzera mwamphamvukaboni atomunetiweki. Ganizirani ngati funde lomwe limayenda mwachangu kwambiri kudzera mwa zinthu zolimba, zolimba kuposa kudzera mwa wina womasuka, wosokonezeka. Zomangira zolimbagitalaZigawo zimapereka njira yomveka yodziwikiratu kuti kugwedezeka kumeneku kuyenda ndi kukana kochepa. AMafuta Omwe Amachitaikhoza kukhala mpaka kasanu kamene kali ndi mkuwa.

Komabe, chifukwa mgwirizano pakati paZigawo zokongoletserandi ofooka (a van der Waals Forces), ma ronons amasautsa kutentha kudutsa zigawo. Izi zikulongosola zochepaMafuta Omwe Amachitamunjira yolowera. Izi zimapangitsa kuti nkhaniyi ikhale yoyeneraKutentha kumira.

5. Kuyang'ana Anisotropy of Pborate Graphte.

Anisotropy, monga tanena kale, ndi mawonekedwe ofunikira aPyrolytic Graphite. Zikutanthauza kuti katundu wa zinthuzo ndiwosiyana kutengera malangizo. Izi ndizotsatira mwachindunji. Ananso abwino ndi matabwa: ndizosavuta kuzigawana nkhuni pambewu kuposa pamenepo.

Kudalira kotsatira kumeneku ndikofunikira kwa ambiri omwe amafunsira. Mwachitsanzo, mmwambamu ndege yamphamvundi otsika pang'onoMafuta Omwe AmachitaPangani kukhala abwino kuti ofalikidwe azida zamagetsi, amatulutsa bwino kutentha kuchokera ku zigawo zikuluzikulu poletsa kufalikira kumadera ena. Kuthekera kwalandidwazigawo zaPyrolytic GraphiteZofanana ndi bwanjimamilanaimatsukidwa, imayambiranso kuchokera pamenepaanisotropy.

6. Kodi ndi njira ziti zomwe ndi zofala za pyrolytic graphite?

WapaderaKatundu wa Pyrolytic GraphitePangani kukhala oyenera ntchito zingapo, ambiri omwe amachepetsa mafuta a anisotropic ndi zamagetsi. Zogwiritsa ntchito zina zimaphatikizapo:

• Kutentha Kwamoto ndi Kutentha Kukula:MuZida zamagetsi, Pyrolytic Graphiteimagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa bwinoKutentha Kupangidwandi zigawo zikuluzikulu, kupewa kulumala ndikuwonetsetsa kuti agwire ntchito.
• Zolimba ndi nkhungu:Kuletsa kwa kutentha kwambiri komanso kusamvana kwamankhwala kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zofunikira pa zipata zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mumiyeso yayikulu kwambiri.
• Gonomodator:Zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu X-ray, ndi Neutroneroromaromaromaromator.
• Ntchito Zosintha:Izi zakupha zimapangitsa kuti zizigwiritsidwa ntchito m'mankhwala ena azachipatala.
• AESOSONVOSANKukhazikika kwake kwamanthetedwe ndi kutentha kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zofunikira m'mapulogalamu a Aerospace.
• Sconning probe microscopy:Pyrolytic graphite, makamakagraphite kwambiri, imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngatigelawakusambaMicroscopy (STM) chifukwa cha lathyathyathya. Itha kutsukidwa ka zingapo.

7. Pyrolytic graph mu zida zamagetsi ndi semiconductors.

MuZida zamagetsindiSemunductorMakampani,Pyrolytic Graphiteimachita mbali yofunika kwambiri yoyang'anira matenthedwe. Magetsi amakono amapanga kutentha kwakukulu, ndipo kusungunuka bwino ndikofunikira pakuchita ndi kukhala ndi moyo wautali.Pyrolytic Graphite'S Mwapaderamu ndege yamphamvuZimapangitsa kuti ikhale nkhani yabwino kwambiri yofalitsa kutentha ndi mawanga otentha, monga procession ndi magetsi amphukira.

Kuphatikiza apo, kutsika kwakeMafuta Omwe AmachitaPerpendicular ku ndege imathandizira kutentha, kupewa kusokoneza zomwe zikuchitika pafupi. Chilengedwe chochepa chaPyrulyc graphite sheetAmawapangitsanso kuti azigwiritsa ntchito pazida zamagetsi zomwe malo ali ochepa. Zinthuzi zidzagwiritsidwanso ntchitoMaselo amafutawaKusungira mphamvu.

8. Kodi pyrolytic graphite amafanana bwanji ndi mitundu ina ya graphite?

Pomwe mitundu yonse ya graphite imagawana za hexilonal mpweya woipa,Pyrolytic Graphiteimawoneka chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake, kokhazikika. Izi zimapangitsa kukhala kosiyana ndi mitundu ina, monga:

• Graphite yachilengedwe:Minid kuchokera padziko lapansi, zojambula zachilengedwe zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ovomerezeka kuposaPyrolytic Graphite, zomwe zimachitika m'munsimadzi othandizandiZochita zamagetsi.
• Graphite wambakapenaGraphite yopanga:Izi zimapangidwa kuchokerakabonindi woboma, ndiye wowaza ndi wokonza. Ili ndi mawonekedwe a isotropic (katundu ndi ofanana pamayendedwe onse) poyerekezaPyrolytic Graphite.
• Graphene:PamenePyrolytic Graphiteamapangidwa ndi zopangidwagitalazigawo, zosanjikiza zokhagitalaili ndi zochulukirapo. Komabe, kupangira ma sheet akuluakulu agitalazimakhalabe zovuta.

Poyerekeza zinthu ziwiri izi,Pyrolytic GraphiteImagwira ntchito moyenera pakati pa magwiridwe antchito ndi kupanga, zimapangitsa kuti zikhale chisankho chothandiza kugwiritsa ntchito zambiri. OnaniChipilala chachikulu chopindikatsamba lazogulitsa.

9. Kodi sitingathe kugwiritsa ntchito zolimba za pyrolytic graphite ndi ziti?

Ngakhale zinali zabwino zambiri,Pyrolytic Graphiteali ndi malire:

• Britetless:Itha kukhala yosangalatsa komanso yokhazikika kuti isaswe, makamaka pandege ya cleavage.
• Mtengo:Njira ya CVD imatha kukhala yokwera mtengo, kupangaPyrolytic Graphiteokwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa mitundu ina ya graphite.
• Makina:Ngakhale kuti imatha kupangidwa, chilengedwe chake cha anisotropic chimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kukwaniritsa mawonekedwe ndi kulolera. Amakristalndiokumbukirazitha kusintha izi.
• Maxidation pamtenthedwe kwambiri:Ngakhale amakhala okhazikika mumlengalenga,Pyrolytic Graphiteamatha maxidize (kuchitira ndi oxygen) kuKutentha KwambiriMumlengalenga, ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito kwake pamapulogalamu ena apamwamba kwambiri opanda zokuthandizani. Ziyenera kusungidwa pansipa400 ° C.

10. Tsogolo la Pyrolytic Graphite: Ntchito zotuluka ndi kafukufuku.

Kafukufuku akupitilizabe kudziwa ntchito zatsopano komanso zosangalatsa zaPyrolytic Graphite. Madera osonyeza chidwi ndi:

• Kuyendetsa Patsogola Kwawo:Monga zida zamagetsi zimapitilirabe pang'ono ndikuyamba kukhala zamphamvu kwambiri, kufunikira kwa mayankho ogwira ntchito moyenera kumayendetsa patsogoloPyrolytic Graphite-Kodi zinthu zina.
• Kusunga kwa Mphamvu:ZaZochita zamagetsiNdipo kapangidwe kake kumapangitsa kuti ofuna kugwiritsa ntchito mabatire apamwamba ndi apamwamba. Zinthu zake ndimwanjira imodzi.
• Ma tysers:Malo ake apadera akufufuzidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
• Ukadaulo wa biomedal:Kafukufuku winanso ku biovocommaticlence yake akhoza kuyambitsa mapulogalamu atsopano m'magawo azachipatala ndi zikwangwani.
  * Kafukufuku wa mamolekyuluAsayansi apamtunda amagwiritsa ntchito hopg ngati gawo lapansi lophunzira zosiyanasiyanamamolekyu onunkhira. Hopg imaperekakuwonekera pamwambangakhale atakhalabempweya kwa maola ambiri. Gawo lapansi lingakhaleKhazikitsani mamolekyulu ** ndikupereka ndege yochititsa chidwi.
• Nanostruction: Thenanostructionyawoneka kuti ikuwonetsasemiconductingmachitidwe.

Makina Ofunika: Pyrolytic Zothandiza

• Pyrolytic Graphitendi mtundu wapadera wa graphite wokhala ndi mawonekedwe olamulidwa kwambiri, okhazikika.
• Imawonetsaanisotropy, ndi mkulumadzi othandizandiZochita zamagetsiMu ndege ya zigawo ndi malo otsika kwambiri ku ndege.
• Zimapangidwa kudzera mu mpweya wamphamvukuphimba (pyrolysis), njira yomwe imalola kuwongolera m'malo mwake.
• Mapulogalamu ofunikira amaphatikizapo ofalitsa kutentha, zolimba, zigawo zikuluzikulu za Aerosseaces, ndi microscopy.
• Ndi zinthu zamtengo wapataliZida zamagetsindi sevondictors yoyang'anira matenthedwe.
• Ngakhale okwera mtengo kuposa mitundu ina ya graphite, malo ake apadera amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito pofuna kugwiritsa ntchito.
• Kafukufuku wopitilira ndikufufuza mapulogalamu atsopano posungira mphamvu, masensa, ndi ukadaulo wambiri.
• Kumbukirani kuti mufufuze zathuKuwala kwakukulu 99.9% graphite ufandiKutentha Kwambiri Kutentha Kwambiri Kusungunukamasamba ogulitsa.
• Amatiganizira za zanuZinthu Zamagetsizosowa.
  Cholinga cha graphiteΠpaPhatikizani ma sheetndi udindo wamagetsiZochititsa chidwi ndi matenthedwekukhazikika.
• Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsadelocalid Π-ndalamapakati pa ma sheetkupanga zisankho zoperewera.