Mphamvu ya electrodes: Chifukwa chiyani graphite ndi zinthu zina ndizofunikira pa electrolysis ndi kupitirira

Munayamba mwadandaula momwe timagawanitsa madzi mu haidrojeni ndi okosijeni kapena miyala yoyengedwa? Yankho nthawi zambiri limagona m'dziko losangalatsa laElectrodes. Zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndi ngwazi zosagwirizana za sayansi ya sayansi ndi mafakitale, akuchita ngati chipata cha zamagetsi zamagetsi kuti mulumikizane ndi zinthu. Nkhaniyi imakhala ndi malo okhalamoZida zamagetsi, kufufuza chifukwagilaphite, pambali inaZitsulo, amatenga gawo lofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito ngatielectrolysisndi zochulukirapo. Kumvetsetsa zomwe zimapanga zabwinoekitirodindikofunikira kuti mutsegule matekinoloje osiyanasiyana.

Kodi ma elekitirodi ndi chiyani kwenikweni ndipo chimakhala chiyani mu Electolysis?

Pazosavuta, aekitirodindi oyendetsa magetsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti alumikizane ndi gawo losagwirizana ndi gawo, mongaelemalyte. Munthawi yaelectrolysis, ndondomeko yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyendetsa mosadukiza yopanda mphamvu pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi,Electrodesndizofunikira kwambiri. Mukufuna osachepera awiriElectrodes: amalodendiku cast. Zamagetsi zamagetsi zimadutsaelemalytekudzera iziElectrodes. Paku cast, zomwe zilimlandu wokhumudwitsa, kuchepa kumachitika, kutanthauza zinthu zopindulitsaekikitis. Mosiyanasiyana, paelectode yabwino, kapenamalode, oxidation amachitika, komwe zinthu zimatayaekikitis. IchiKusamutsa ma ele electronophunzitsidwa ndiElectrodesndiye mfundo yayikuluelectrolysis. Ganizirani zaekitirodis ngati nsanja pomwe mphamvu yamagetsi imakumana ndi zinthu za mankhwala, ndikupangitsa kuti asinthane.

Kodi chimapanga zinthu zabwino zamagetsi?

AbwinoZinthu Zamagetsiamakhala ndi njira zingapozamakhalidwemachitidwe. Choyamba komanso chachikulu, okweraZochita zamagetsindi chofunikira. Izi zimathandiza kuti kuyenda bwino kwaekikitis yokhala ndi mphamvu zochepa. Kachiwiri, zabwinoKutsutsandizofunikira, makamaka pamene aZinthu zikugwira ntchito powonekera kapena zotseguka. Aekitirodiamafunika kuthana ndi vuto lomwe lingakhalepoelemalytendi zotengera zama electrochemucalzochita. Mphamvu zolimbitsa thupi ndipokuumandizofunikanso kuti zikhazikike, makamaka pakugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale komweElectrodesikhoza kuzunzidwa. Komanso,Kusankha kwazinthu zamagetsiNthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kuganizira mtengo ndi kupezeka kwaZida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Moyenera,Zinthu Zamagetsiziyenera kupezeka mosavuta komansomtengo wotsikaosasokoneza. AZinthu zamagetsi zimatengerakwa chinthu chomwe chimathandizira kwambiri kapena magetsi.

Chifukwa chiyani zitsulo nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati electrodes?

Zitsuloamasankhidwa pafupipafupi ngatiZida zamagetsiChifukwa cha zomwe zimachitika. AmbiriZitsuloonetsani zabwinoZochita zamagetsichifukwa cha "nyanja ya ma elekitoni", komweekikitis ndi omasuka komanso omasuka kusuntha, kufalitsa ntchito moyenera. WakomoniZitsulo zogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida zamagetsiphatikizamtovu, kudziwika ndi kukwera kwakezamakhalidwendipomtengo wotsika, ngakhale imatha kukhalamankhwalaPansi zina.Platinamu (Tsa) Kusankha kwina kotchuka chifukwa chaKutsutsandi mkuluzamakhalidwe, ngakhalemtengo wokweraamachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zapadera.Titaniumimadziwika kutiKutsutsandi kuthekera kopanga kutetezaoxidiewosanjikiza.Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, alloy wokhala ndi chitsulo, chromium, ndi zinthu zina, amapereka bwinoKutsutsa, mphamvu, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mtengo wake. Kusankha kwa enachitsuloZimatengera ntchito yomwe malo a mankhwalawo idzakhala ikugwira ntchito.

Nanga bwanji graphite? Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani graphite ili zinthu zodziwika bwino zotere?

PameneZitsulondizofala,gilaphiteimawoneka ngati yosagwirizanaZinthu Zamagetsi. Graphite ndi wochititsa zabwinomagetsi chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake apadera. Atom iliyonse ya kabonigilaphiteamalumikizidwa ndi ena atatu, kusiya m'modzi mfuluekikitizomwe zimatha kusunthira momasuka mkati mwa zigawozo, zomwe zimathandiziraZochita zamagetsi. Chachikulu,gilaphitezopereka zabwinoKutsutsamwa ambiriZochita zamagetsi, kupangitsa kukhala koyenera mitundu yosiyanasiyanaelectrolysisMapulogalamuwo, ngakhale aukalielemalytes. Poyerekeza ndi zamtengo wapataliZitsulongatiplatinamu, gilaphitendizochepa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza ukuChilendo cha, Kutsutsa, ndipomtengo wotsikazipangagilaphitezofunika kwambiriZinthu Zamagetsi. Nthawi zambiri mumapezandodo zojambulakapenagilaphitemabatani omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngatiElectrodesm'mafakitaleelectrolysisnjira zopangira chlorine ndi aluminiyamu, pakati pa ena. AKuthana ndi KupezandikulepheraKupezeka kumathandiza kwambiri kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kofala.

Kodi kusankha kwa zinthu zamagetsi kumakhudza bwanji electrochemical njira?

AKusankha kwazinthu zamagetsiamakhudza kwambiri pabwino komanso zotsatira zakeZochita zamagetsi. AZochita zamagetsizaekitirodimolunjika mwachindunjiVotejiamafunikira kuyendetsa. KwambiriZinthu ZochititsaKuchepetsa mphamvu chifukwa chokana. Ama electrochemucalkatundu waZinthu Zamagetsi, monga momwe zimachitidwa ndi zomwe zimachitika (monga chisinthiko cha oxygen kapena hydrogen), azindikire mphamvu yaelectrolysis. Mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchitoZinthu Zamagetsindi chisinthiko chachikulu cha chisinthiko chamadzielectrolysisangafune mphamvu zambiri kupanga hydrogen. AKutsutsazaekitirodiamalamula moyo wawo komanso ungwiro wazomwezo. Ngatiekitirodima corrodes, zitsulo zitsulo zitha kuipitsaelemalytendi zinthu zomaliza. Komanso,malozaekitirodizimakhudza momwe zimakhalira; adera lalikuluimapereka masamba ambiriKusamutsa ma ele electron, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zichitike mwachangu.

Kodi ndi zitsanzo ziti zazinthu zapadera za ntchito zamagetsi kuposa electrolysis?

Pameneelectrolysisntchito yayikulu,Electrodesndizofunikira kwambiri matekinoloje osiyanasiyana. MuMaselo amafuta, ElectrodesTumikirani monga othandizirama electrochemucalzimapangitsa kuti mupange magetsi pamafuta ngati hydrogen. AZinthu ZamagetsimuMaselo amafutaimayenera kukhala yolimba kwambiri ndipokuchuluka-. Mumakinanjira zokhala ngati zamagetsi zamagetsi (Edm),ekitirodis wopangidwa ndi zinthu zomwe amakondagilaphitekapenamtovuamagwiritsidwa ntchito kusokoneza achomangirakudzera moyang'aniridwaZotulutsa zamagetsi. Kulondola komansokuumazaZinthu Zamagetsindizofunikira mu Ede.Electrodesndi ziwalo zoyambira m'mabatire, kuphatikizamabatire a lithiamu, komwegilaphiteimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngatimalodenkhani. Komanso, mkatielectroanayaltalticalChemistry, WopangaElectrodes, mongaRoomangal Disk Enterrode, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pophunzira njira zomwe zimachitika komanso zinthu zochulukirapo. Zitsanzozi zikuwonetsa kusinthasintha kwaElectrodesndi kufunikira kosankha zoyeneraZinthu Zamagetsintchito iliyonse.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa electrode yabwino ndi cakatode?

Mwa aliyensema electrochemucalkhungu, kaya ndielectrolysiskhungu kapena batri, pali awiri ofunikiraElectrodes: Theelectode yabwinondiku cast. Mawumalodendiku castFotokozani mbali ya kutuluka kwaposachedwa. Amalodendi pomwe makwereshotion amachitika, ndipo ndiekitirodiKudutsa komwe kumachitikamuchipangizocho. Muelectrolysiskhungu,malodendielectode yabwino. Mosiyanasiyana,ku castndi pomwe kuchepetsa kumachitika, ndipo ndiekitirodiKudutsa komwe kumachitikakunjakcha chipangizocho. Muelectrolysiskhungu,Catoode extrode ayenerakhalamlandu wokhumudwitsa. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti chizindikiro chaekitirodi(Zabwino kapena zoyipa) zitha kudalira ngati khungu limawononga magetsi (mongaelectrolysis) Kapena kupanga magetsi (ngati betri). Komabe, matanthauzidwe amalode(oxidation) ndiku cast(kuchepetsa) kukhalabe kosasinthasintha.

Kodi pali zida zina zosawerengeka kupatula graphite?

Pamenegilaphitendi zotchuka zopanda zitsuloZinthu Zamagetsi, paliMitundu ina yambirintchito pamapulogalamu osiyanasiyana.Kuchita Zinthu za PolymerMwachitsanzo, akupeza chifukwa cha iwoKusinthasintha Kwabwinondi kuthekera kwa nsalu yoyenera. Ma Polly Awa atha kukhalama electromamuanasinthidwa kuti apititsezamakhalidwe. Kabonima nanomatadium ngatigitalandi ma nanotubes (Kugwiritsa Ntchito Cnts) Akufufuzidwanso chifukwa cha iwozamakhalidwendidera lalikulu, kuwapangitsa kuti azilonjeza ntchitoOphatikiza Overcapactorsndi masensa apamwamba.OxidieZipangizo, makamakaZitsulo Oxidemongaruthenium oxidie(RUO2) ndi Ididiumoxidie(Iro2), amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngatiZida zamagetsiZofunsira zomwe zimafunikira ntchito yayitali, monga kusintha kwa maxygen m'madzielectrolysis. Woyambitsa ma carton electrodes, ndi kukwera kwawomalo, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Supercapactors posungira mphamvu. Ngakhale zida zongaSilicon Carbidepezani ntchito za niche mongaElectrodesPansi pa mikhalidwe.

Kodi ndi ziti zina zofunika kuziganizira posankha zinthu zamagetsi?

Mukamasankha kumanjaZinthu Zamagetsi, Pali zinthu zingapo zofunika kuzilingalira mosamala.Zochita zamagetsiamakhalabe ndi nkhawa yayikulu yotumizira bwino.Kutsutsandikofunikira kuonetsetsaekitirodiKukhala ndi nthawi yogona komanso kupewa kuipitsidwa. Ama electrochemucalzenera lamalaya, omwe amatanthauzira mitundu yaVotejisekitirodindi khola, ndilofunikanso. Amalondi kupachikidwa kwaekitirodiimatha kulepheretsa kuchuluka kwa zigawenga, makamaka pakugwiritsa ntchito magwiritsidwe. Mphamvu, mongakuumandi mphamvu, ndizofunikira kwaekitirodiKukhazikika kwa ntchito. Mtengo ndi kupezeka ndi malingaliro othandiza, makamaka pakugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale ambiri. Pomaliza, malo okhalamo ndi omwe adapangidwaZochita zamagetsiadzagwiritsa ntchito moyeneraZinthu Zamagetsi. Ofufuzawo amafufuza zatsopanoma nanomatadiumndiMa elekitikisi a multilrodemapangidwe kuti athe kukonza zinthu izi.

Kodi ndingadziwe kuti zambiri za ma edctrochem osiyanasiyana a electrode?

Kwa iwo omwe akufuna kudziwa zambiri zaZida zamagetsindi machitidwe awo,Mitu ya Scienceamapereka zambiri. Zothandizira pa intaneti zimapereka zopitilira mumibadwo yosiyanasiyana ya asayansi ndi luso, kuphatikizapo kukambirana mwatsatanetsataneelokerochem, zosiyanaZida zamagetsi, ndi ntchito zawo. Mutha kupeza mafotokozedwe akuya aKusamutsa ma ele electronnjira,ma electrochemucalzimachitika mosiyanasiyanaekitirodinkhope, ndi mfundo za masitepe mongama eccentrades. KufufuzaMitu ya Sciencezokhudzana ndiElectrodes, electrolysis, ndi zida zapadera mongagilaphite, platinamu, ndipoZitsulo OxideS Apatseni maziko olimba amvetsetsa mawonekedwe osangalatsawa. Mutha kupezanso chidziwitso chokhudzana ndi anthu ambiriekitirodimitundu ngatimalo omveka, RECRANDED Fribonious carbor, kapena kusinthika kokhudzamaubale osapanga dzimbiri. Kumbukirani, kumvetsetsa zosintha zaZipangizo zamagetsi ndizabwinondi kiyi yopititsa patsogolo matekinoloje ambiri.

Njira zazikuluzikulu:

• Electrodesndizofunikira zomwe zimatsogoleraKusamutsa ma ele electronM'malingaliro ngatielectrolysis.
• Zofunikira za zabwinoZinthu ZamagetsiPhatikizani kwambiriZochita zamagetsi, Kutsutsa, ndi mphamvu yamakina.
• Zitsulongatimtovu, platinamu, ndipotitaniumndizofalaZida zamagetsiChifukwa cha iwozamakhalidwe.
• Gilaphitendi chisankho chosaneneka chosanenekaZochita zamagetsi, Kutsutsa, ndipomtengo wotsika.
• AKusankha kwazinthu zamagetsizimakhudza kwambiri ntchito ndi zotsatira zaZochita zamagetsi.
• Electrodespezani ntchito kupitiriraelectrolysis, kuphatikizaMaselo amafutandimakinaing (Edm).
• Amalodendi pomwe makwereshotion amachitika, ndipoku castNdi pamene kuchepetsedwa kumachitika.
• Kupatulagilaphite, zina zopanda zitsuloZida zamagetsiphatikizaKuchita Zinthu za PolymerS ndi Carbon nanomatadium ngatigitala.
• Kusankha kumanjaZinthu Zamagetsipamafunika kuganizira bwinozamakhalidwe, kuchulukakukana, mtengo wake ndi pulogalamu inayake.
• Zilombo ngatiMitu ya Scienceperekani zofunikira paelokerochemwa zosiyanaZida zamagetsi.

Timapereka mtundu wambirigilaphitezinthu zoyenera zosiyanasiyanaekitirodintchito. Talingalirani zozamaEnter-High ecphite electrodepofunaelectrolysisnjira kapena yathuNdodo yojambula ya electrodesntchito zapadera. Muthanso kupeza zinthu zabwino kwa EDM muChipilala chachikulu chopindika.