Momwe ma elekiti amagetsi amagwira ntchito mu ng'anjo yamagetsi yamagetsi: Kulimbika kopanga kwamakono

Ma elekitilo a graphite ndi ngwazi zosafunikira zamakono zopanga zamakono, ndikusewera gawo lofunikira muNg'ote ya Arc (Woipa wanjira) njira. Kumvetsetsa momweMa elekite electrodes amagwira ntchito ndi magetsindikofunikira kuyamikira kufunikira kwake ndikusankha zinthu zoyenera kupanga zitsulo zothandiza. Nkhaniyi imakhala ndi mphamvu mu ntchito, kupanga, ndi kugwiritsa ntchitoelekishi electrodes, kufotokoza chifukwa chake ndi ofunika pakusungunukasipanalazitsulo ndi kupangazitsulo ndi zitsulo zina. Kaya mukugulitsa monga Marko Thompson, aWoipa waOgwiritsa ntchito, kapena sangalalani ndi njira zopangira mafakitale, amawerenga kuti adziwe za sayansi yosangalatsa komanso yopanga ma enginer ainjini zigawozi, ndikuphunzira momwe mungasankhirewopanga elephite electrodeMonga ife timatsimikizira zabwino ndi magwiridwe antchito.

1. Kodi ndi chiyani chojambula chojambula chojambulidwa chimodzimodzi?

Pachimake, agraphite electrodendi mzere wa cylindrical wopangidwa makamaka wa graphite, mawonekedwe a kaboni. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuchita ngatikondakitalazamagetsi mkati mwa mitundu yapadera ya mafakitalemikangano, makamakaNg'ote ya Arc (Woipa wa) nding'anjo yakayika. Ganizirani izi ngati waya wamkulu, woteteza kutentha. ChoyambiriraZojambula zamagetsi zimagwiritsa ntchitoKuzungulira kumayendetsa kuchuluka kwamphamvu yamagetsiKuchokera ku gwero lamphamvu kupita ku zida mkati mwachimune.

Magetsi chachikulu kwambiriPakadutsa zamakonokudzeragraphite electrodendikupanga otentha kwambirimagetsi a magetsi- makamaka bolt yoyendetsedwa ndi mphezi - pakati pa gawo la electrode ndi chimbudzi (nthawi zambiriscrap chitsulokapena chitsulo chofikirika)mkati mwa ng'anjo. ChachikuluKutentha KupangidwaMwa arc iyi, kufikira kutentha kwa 3000 ° C (5400 ° F), ndi chiyaniamasungunuka chitsulo. Chifukwa chake,Zojambula za graphite zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamakakusamutsa mphamvu zofunikasungunurapansi zolimba zolukachitsulo chokhazikika. Ali ofunikira mu njira ngatimagetsi am'madzi a arc, kusungunula Ferroalloys mung'anjo ya kukhazikika, ndikuyeretsazitsulo m'matabwa.

A graphite electrodesi ndodo yosavuta; Ndi gawo lokhala ndi injini zopangidwa kuti lithe kupirira zinthu zowopsa. Zimafunikiramphamvu yayikuluPopewa kuswa pakugwira ntchito kapena kugwira ntchito, chabwinoMafuta Omwe Amachitakuyang'anira kutentha kwambiri, komanso kwambiriKusamala Kwambirikuchititsa magetsi mokwanira popanda kudzitchera.Ma elekiti a graphite amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambirichifukwa graphiite wapadera ali ndi zophatikizira izi, ndikupangitsa kupita-kuZinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchitopa ntchito zofunidwa. Popandagraphite electrode, amakonoWoipa wasizingagwire ntchito.

2. Mng'anjo ya arc yamagetsi imagwira ntchito?

ANg'ote ya Arc (Woipa wa) ndi mafakitale amphamvuchimuneMakamaka amagwiritsidwa ntchito posungunukasipanalaZitsulo zopanga zatsopanochitsulo. Mosiyana ndi chikhalidweng'anjo yophulikanjira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito ironWoipa wandi mwala wapamwamba wa sekondalekusangalatsa, kuyang'ananso kubwezeretsanso. Ntchito yoyambira imaphatikizapo njira zingapo zofunika. Choyamba, achimunechotengera, chipolopolo chachikulu, chokhazikika, chimayimbidwa mlanduchitsulo cha scrap. Ichisipanalaimatha kuyambira pamagalimoto akale ndi zida zamagetsi ku malo ogulitsira mafakitale. Nthawi zina, chitsulo chofikiridwa chachitsulo (DRI) kapena chitsulo cha nkhumba chimawonjezeredwanso.

Kamodzi mlandu,chimunepadenga, lomwe limasungaelekishi electrodes, wasinthidwa kukhala malo ndikutsitsidwa. Maulamuliro amphamvu amapereka aMa eyetric echirikikwaelekishi electrodes. MongaElectrodesamatsitsidwa kuchitsulo cha scrap, amagetsi a magetsiKugwera pakati pa upangiri wa electrode ndi chimbudzi. IchiArc pakati pa elekisi ya graphitendisipanalaimatulutsa mphamvu zambiri, kupanga kutentha kwambiri. AKutentha Kupangidwamwachangu amayambasungunuraascrap chitsulo. Oxygen nthawi zambiri amalowetsedwa kuti afulumizitse njira yosungunuka.

Njira yonse mkati mwaNg'ote ya Arcimayang'aniridwa mosamala. AOgwiritsa ntchito ayenera kusintha zomwe zilipo pano ndi magetsi kuti mugwiritse ntchitoaelekishi electrodesMoyenera, kuwongolera kutalika kwa Arc ndi mphamvu zamagetsi. MongaScrap Asungunuka, kupanga dziwe lachitsulo chosungunukaPansi pachimune, zisonyezo zopanga zopanga zimawonjezeredwa. Zinthuzi zimathandizira kuchotsa zosayera kwachitsulo chokhazikika. Kamodzichitsuloimafika pa kutentha komwe kumafunikira komansochimuneamasungunuka (kuthira kutsanulira) ndichitsulo chosungunukaimamangidwa mutamasewerapokonzanso kapena kuponyera. AWoipa waamapereka kusinthasintha popanga ndipo nthawi zambiri amadziwika kuti ndi ochezeka kwambiri kuposa zochitikakusangalatsanjira chifukwa cha kudalira kwake kubwezeretsansosipanala. AMng'anjo imapangidwakuthana ndi zochitika zobwerezabwereza, kusungunuka, ndi kujambula.

3. Chifukwa chiyani elekiti ya graphy ili yofunika kuti ikhale yopanda pake?

Ma elekitilo a graphite ndiwofunikirazigawo muSteendondomeko ya zifukwa zingapo zofunika. Ntchito yawo yayikulu ndi yosasinthika: ndi sing'anga komwe pakufunikamphamvu yamagetsiamalowachimunekuSthup Scrapchitsulo. Palibe zambiri zomwe zimaperekedwa kuphatikizidwa kwapadera kwa malo ofunikira kuti athe kupirira chilengedwemkati mwa ng'anjoakuchititsa magetsi akuluakulu ofunikira.Electrodes ndiwofunikira kuti agwiritse ntchito ntchentche yamagetsi yamagetsibwino.

AWoipa wanjira imadalira kwathunthu kutentha kwambiri yopangidwa ndimagetsi a magetsi. Elekishi electrodesKukhala ndi kuchuluka kwambiri kwamphamvu kwambiri komanso malo okwera kwambiri (okwera pafupifupi 3650 ° C), kuwalola kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mosalekeza pa Ultra-kutentha kwambiriopangidwa ndi arc popanda kusungunuka kapena kulephera. Kuphatikiza apo, graphite amadzitamalitsa kwambiriZochita zamagetsi (Kusamala Kwambiri) Kuchepetsa kutaya kwamphamvu ngati kutentha mkati mwaekitirodiKukokha ndikukulitsa mphamvu zoperekedwa kwasungunura. Kuchita bwino kumeneku ndi kofunikira pakuchita zachuma kwaStee.

Komanso,elekiti electrodes amaseweraUdindo waukulu mu umagwirira aNjira Yopanga Zosachedwa. Pomwe amagwira ntchito ngatikondakitala, kaboni ena kuchokeraekitirodinsonga imadyedwa ndipo imatha kulowachitsulo chosungunukakusamba, kumathandizira kuti zomwe zachitikachitsulo, omwe nthawi zambiri amafunikirachitsuloelement. Zawomphamvu yayikuluamaonetsetsa kuti zitha kupirira zipsinjo za kusamalira, kuyikapo, ndi zovutachimune. Popeza izi, Elephite Electrodes amagwiritsidwa ntchitopafupifupi zokhaWoipa wanding'anjo yakayikaMapulogalamu padziko lonse lapansi. Yonsemagetsi am'madzi a arckuzungulira kumatengera ntchito yodalirika ya izielekishi electrodes.

4. Kodi ma elekitilo a graphite amagwira ntchito bwanji ndi magetsi a magetsi kuti asungunuke?

Matsenga aWoipa wazimachitika litiMa elekite electrodes amagwira ntchito ndi magetsi. Njirayi imayamba nthawi yayitalizamakonoamaperekedwa kwaelekishi electrodeskuyimitsidwa pamwamba pa mlandu (nthawi zambirichitsulo cha scrap) muchimune. Monga momwe ma elekitirodi amatsitsidwa, mpweya wa mlengalenga pakati pa upangiri wa electrode ndi chimbudzi chimachepa. Pa mfundo inayake, mphamvu yamphamvu imagonjetsa mphamvu ya mpweya, zomwe zimapangitsa magetsi kuti adumphe kudutsapo - ndiyemagetsi a magetsi.

IchikupindikaKODI PANTHAWI YOPHUNZITSIRA NDIPONSO KUKHALA KWAMBIRI KWAMBIRI. Imagwira ngati mlatho wazamakonokuyenda kuchokeragraphite electrodekwachitsulo cha scrap(kapenachitsulo chosungunukakusamba) ndipo nthawi zambiri pakati pa ma elekitironi okhaNg'anjo ya AC yamagetsi. Kukumana ndi zomwe zachitika chifukwa cha zomwe zimadutsa mu Arc Plasma kumatulutsa kutentha kodabwitsa, ndikuwonjezera kutentha kwambiri kwabwino kwambiri. Izi zimawotcha kwambiriimasungunuka zopangiraPansi. Dongosolo limasinthidwamphamvu yamagetsimu mphamvu yamafuta ndendende pomwe zikufunika.

KuPangani arc mukamadutsamoyenera kumafunikira kuwongolera mosamala. Ogwiritsa ntchito amayang'anirakachulukidwe kalikonsendi malo aelekishi electrodeskukhalabe ndi khola lokhazikika komanso lamphamvu. Kutalika kwa Arc ndikofunikira; lalifupi kwambiri, ndipo ma elekitirodi amatetezedwa kulumikizana ndi kusungunuka; Kutalika kwambiri, ndipo arc imakhala yosakhazikika komanso mphamvu yosasunthika. AMakhalidwe a Electrodemasiku ano, ndiKutentha KupangidwandiArc amasungunuka chitsulo. Kaya ndiDC kapena Ac magetsi acc, Mfundo yofunikanso ikhale yomweyo: Thegraphite electrodeamapereka mphamvu, ndipomagetsi a magetsiimapereka kutentha kwambiri kofunikira kusungunuka muchimune.

5. Kodi chimapangitsa chiyani kuti zinthu zabwino za elent elentrodes?

Graphite imayima ngati PrimerZinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchitokwa electrodes mkatiNKHANI ZA ARCndiNgozi YakafunsiroChifukwa cha mitundu yapadera komanso yamphamvu ya zinthu zakuthupi ndi mankhwala. Palibe wina aliyense amene alipoZida zamagetsiimatha kufanana ndi mbiri yake yogwirira ntchito mopindika. Kukhazikika kwake kumayambira pamikhalidwe ingapo:

1. Kulimba Kwambiri Kwambiri:Graphite ili ndi imodzi mwazinthu zapamwamba kwambiri zazinthu zilizonse zodziwika (pafupifupi 3650 ° C), kutanthauza kuti susungunuke pa kutentha kwaWoipa wa(zomwe zitha kupitirira 3000 ° C mu ARC Dera). Imakhalabe yolimba komanso yogwira ntchito komwe zinthu zina zambiri zimasokonekera kapena zamwano. Ndi modabwitsakugonjetsedwa ndi kutentha.
2. Magetsi amagetsi:Graphite ndi chapaderakondakitalazamagetsi, zowonetsera kwambiriKusamala Kwambiri. Izi zimathandiza kuchuluka kwazamakonoKuyenda kudutsagraphite electrodeNdi mphamvu zochepa mphamvu ngati kutentha mkati mwa malekitoni omwe. M'mwambazamakhalidweamatanthauza mphamvu zambiri zimafika ku ARC kutisungunuraasipanala.
3. Zochititsa chidwi kwambiri:Modabwitsa, mukakana ma ralical, graphite nawonso ali ndikukwera kwamphamvu. Izi zimathandiza kuthetsa kutentha kuchokera ku malo otentha kwambiri (malo ophatikizika a Arc), kuchepetsa nkhawa kwambiri komanso kupanikizika, zomwe zimathandizira kulimba kwakemkati mwa ng'anjo.
4. Mafuta oopsa:Njirayi imaphatikizapo kusintha kwa kutentha msanga. Graphite imatha kupirira kusinthasintha kwa matenthedwe amphamvu kwambiri popanda kuphwanya kapena kuwononga, malo ovuta kuchitika munthawi ya cyclicWoipa wa.
5. Mankhwala Osakhazikika:Pamayendedwe ogwiritsira ntchito, graphite ndi chiwembu chotsika kwambiri munthawi yochepetsera nthawi zambiriWoipa waKomabe, ngakhale zimaseka pang'onopang'ono (kuwotcha) pamaso pa mpweya kapena oxygen, yomwe ndi njira yoyambira.
6. Makina:Ngakhale anali ndi mphamvu, zojambulajambula zitha kukhala zophimbidwa mu mawonekedwe akuluakulu ofunikiraelekishi electrodes, kuphatikizapo zitsulo zopsereza zofunika kulowa nawo zigawo limodzi.
7. Zithunzi Zotsika: Elekisi yapamwamba kwambiriamapangidwa kuchokera ku kusankhidwa mosamalazida zogwiritsira ntchitongatipetuloleum cokendisingano, zomwe zimakonzedwa kuti zikhale zodetsa kwambiri (phulusa). Izi zimalepheretsa kuipitsidwa kwachitsulo chosungunuka. Achofufuzidwanjira, kuphatikiza kutentha kwambiri (pafupifupi 3000 ° C), kumayeretsa kaboni ndipo imakulitsa mawonekedwe omwe mukufuna kuti akhale oyenerazamakhalidwendi mphamvu.

Kuphatikiza uku kumapangitsa giraphite kukhala kofunikiraZinthu ZochititsaKwa malo ofunikira aNg'ote ya Arc.

6. Kuzindikira Kusiyanasiyana Kwachikulu Zojambula: HP VS. UHP

Elekishi electrodessi onse omwe amapanga zofanana. Amawerengedwa m'magulu osiyanasiyana kutengera zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito, makamaka mphamvu yokhazikika (RP), mphamvu yayikulu (HP), ndi mphamvu yayikulu (UHP). Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu kunagona munjira yazopangirantchito, kupanga njira yopanga, komanso chifukwa cha thupi, zomwe zimalamulirakachulukidwe kalikonseamatha kuthana.

• Mphamvu yayikulu (HP) elekiti ya graphite:Awa ndi gawo kuchokera ku ma elekitirosi a RP.Elekisi ya HP Graphiteamapangidwa kuchokera ku zapamwamba kwambiripetuloleum cokendipo nthawi zina kuphatikiza gawo lasingano. Amakumananso ndi ntchito yopanga, zomwe zimapangitsa bwinoZochita zamagetsi, mphamvu zapamwamba kwambiri, ndikusintha magetsi poyerekeza ndi ma grades a RP.Elekisi ya HP GraphitendizoyeneraNKHANI ZA ARCKugwiritsa ntchito moyenera komansoNgozi Yakafunsiro. Amapereka ndalama pakati pa magwiridwe antchito ndipo amawononga ndalama zochepa. Mutha kupeza zosankha zodalirika ngati zathuEnter-High ecphite electrode.
• Ultra-Wamphamvu Kwambiri (UHP) elekiti ya graphite:Monga momwe dzina limanenera,Elekisi ya uHP graphiteamapangidwira kuti azigwiritsa ntchito kwambiri pazopindulitsa kwambiriNKHANI ZA ARC. Amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito premium-kalasisinganomonga woyambazopangira. Singanoili ndi crystalline, kapangidwe ka singano monga, pambuyochofufuzidwa, zotsatira za electrodes ndi chapaderaKusamala kwamagetsi kutsika, mphamvu zapamwamba kwambiri zamphamvu, ndipomphamvu yayikulu. Izi zimalolaElekisi ya uHP graphitekusamalira kwambirikachulukidwe kalikonseosatentha kwambiri kapena kusweka. OgwilizitsaUhpElectrodes imathandizira kusunthira kosasunthika ndikutulutsa kopitilira masiku anoAafisi. ZathuUltra-yayikulu mphamvu graphite electrodeZosankha zimakwaniritsa zofunikira za ziganizo izi.

Kusankha kalasi yoyenera (HP graphite electrodekapenaUhp) Chofunika kwambirichimunemagwiridwe antchito, kuyeretsa kugwiritsa ntchito ma egstrode, ndikuonetsetsa kuti ntchitoyi. Kugwiritsa ntchito kalasi yotsika kuposa momwe kuyenera kuwongolera kuwonongeka kwa electrode ndikuchedwa kugwira ntchito, pomwe kugwiritsa ntchito kalasi yapamwamba kungakhale kodula. Mongawopanga elephite electrode, timathandiza makasitomala kusankha kalasi yabwino kwambirichimunendi kukonza.

7.

Kukhazikitsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchitoelekishi electrodesMuNg'ote ya Arcndi njira yofunika kutengera ndi chisamaliro, yothandizidwa ndi ophunzitsidwaSteel. Elekishi electrodesNthawi zambiri zimabwera m'magawo, nthawi zambiri mamita angapo. Chifukwa gawo limodzi silikufika nthawi yayitali kuti mufikiresipanalaCharping ndi kugwirizanitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, magawo angapo amalumikizidwa kuti apange zikhomo zolumikizidwa mwapadera (zidule), zopangidwa ndi graphite.

Njirayi nthawi zambiri imafuna:

1. Kukonzekera:Atsopanographite electrodeMagawo ndi ma nipples amayang'aniridwa mosamala kuti kuwonongeka kulikonse kuwonongeka pakunyamula kapena kusamalira. Zingwe zimatsukidwa ndikuyang'ana.
2. Kuphatikiza:Chifuwa chimakhala cholumikizidwa mu sikisi imodzi ya electrode. Kenako, gawo lina limachotsedwa bwino (kugwiritsa ntchito ma clamp apadera kuti mupewe kuwonongeka) ndikukhomerera ku chiberekero cha gawo loyamba. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito ma torres a torque kuti mutsimikizire kuti kulumikizana ndi kolimba koma osapanikizika. Kujowina kumeneku kumatha kuchitika pafupi ndichimunekapena molunjika pamwamba pachimune.
3. Kukhazikitsa:Osonkhanagraphite electrodemzati (womwe ungakhale wautali kwambiri komanso wolemera) umakhala ndi crane ndipo adatsitsidwa mosamala kudzera pa zojambula muchimunepadenga. Imaphatikizidwa ndi mkono wamagetsi, womwe umathandizira mphamvu zonse komanso kulumikizana. Izi zimabwerezedwa kwa ma elekitiki onse atatu mu zofananaNg'anjo ya AC yamagetsikapena ma elekitiki amodzi muDC yamagetsi ya arc. Ogwira ntchito amaika graphiteElectrodes moyenera.
4. Ntchito:Kamodzi kukhazikitsidwa,Electrodesamatsitsidwa kuchitsulo cha scrap. AOgwiritsa ntchito ayenera kusintha zomwe zilipo pano ndi magetsi kuti mugwiritse ntchitodongosolo moyenera. Makina owongolera owongolera amayendetsa bwinoScrap Asungunukapansi ndigraphite electrodePanopa pang'onopang'ono. Cholinga ndikusunga batala lokhazikika pakusungunuka bwino. AKusintha kwapakonoamafuna kusintha kosalekeza.

Nthawi yonseyi, kuwunika magetsi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndikofunikira. Zolumikizira ziyenera kukhala zolimba, ndipo makina a zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi amathandiziragraphite electrodeayenera kugwira bwino ntchito. Kugwirizanitsa ndi kukhazikitsa koyenera ndikofunikira kuti tilepheretse kulephera kwa nthawi musanawonetsetsechimune.

8. Chimachitika ndi chiani pamene nthawi yosungunula mu ng'anjo yamagetsi yamagetsi?

Kuzungulira kuzungulira muNg'ote ya Arc (Woipa wa) Ndi njira yolimbitsa thupi komanso yolimba yopangidwa kuti isinthechitsulo cha scrapmu madzichitsulo. Zimayamba pambuyochimuneyaimbidwa mlandusipanala. Aelekishi electrodesamatsitsidwa, ndipomagetsi a magetsiimayambitsidwa.

Poyamba, ma Arcs adatsika pang'ono kudutsasipanalaPamwamba. ChachikuluKutentha Kupangidwandi marcs (opitilira 3000 ° C) amayamba kusungunulachitsulo cha scrapmwachindunji pansi ndi kuzungulira kwa arc. Ngati mapelo achitsulo chokhazikikamawonekedwe, amasonkhanitsa pansi pachimune. Ma arcs ndiye kusamutsa kutentha kwambiri mpaka kusamba kokulirapochitsulo chosungunuka. Kufulumira kusungunuka ndikusungunula kutentha, mpweya akhoza kuyikidwanso muchimune, Kubwereza ndi zinthu ngati kaboni, silicon, ndi chitsulo, kupanga kutentha kowirikiza. Otentha ma gasi amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito molawirira.

MongaScrap Asungunuka,elekishi electrodesakusinthidwa mosalekeza ndi dongosolo lolamulira kuti asunge Arc ndikutsatira gawo lobweza. Cholinga chake ndiSthup Scrapmwachangu komanso moyenera momwe mungathere. Mu gawo ili, othandizira kupanga (ngati laimu ndi dolomite) amawonjezeredwa. Zipangizozisungunurandikuphatikiza ndi zodetsa (monga phosphorous ndi sulufule) ndi oxides, ndikupanga slag yamadzimadzi yomwe imayandama pamwamba pachitsulo chosungunuka. Slag yosanjikiza iyi imathandizirayeitsansochitsulo, chitetezedwe ndi kuipitsidwa kwa mlengalenga, ndikulemba kusamba, kuchepetsa kutayika kwa kutentha. Ntchito yayikulumkati mwa ng'anjozimaphatikizapo ma radiation kuchokera ku arc, kuvomerezedwa mkatichitsulo chokhazikika, ndi zomwe zimachitika. Kamodzisipanalaimasungunuka ndipo chitsulo chimafika kutentha ndi kapangidwe kake (kufufuzidwa kudzera pa Sapling), mphamvu imachepetsedwa kapena kudulidwa. Achimunendiye kuti ndikudulidwa - kuthiridwa kutsanulirachitsulo chosungunukamu atamasewera, kulekanitsa ndi ma slag, omwe nthawi zambiri amatsanulidwa padera. Izi zimakwaniritsa imodzikusangalatsakuzungulira, ndichimuneYakonzedwa mlandu wotsatira.

9. Kodi graphite electrode ya graphite imathandizira bwanji?

Mtundu waelekishi electrodesntchito muNg'ote ya Arckapenang'anjo yakayikaamakhudza mwachindunji komanso othandiza pa ntchito zonse komanso ndalama zambiri. Ogwilizitsamapangidwe apamwambaElectrodes, monga odalirikaElekisi ya uHP graphite, kuchokera kumaderawopanga elephite electrode, ndikofunikira kuti muchite bwino. Ma elekitoni otsika kwambiri amatha kubweretsa mavuto ambiri komanso ndalama zambiri.

Chinthu chimodzi chachikulu ndiKudya kwa electrode. Electrodes imadyedwa kudzera mu tramination ya nsonga (Vaporrization mu Arc), maxidal oxidation (kuwotcha muchimunemlengalenga), ndi kusweka.Elekisi yapamwamba kwambirionetsetsani kuchuluka kwa ndalama chifukwa chokonzedwazopangirakusankha (singanowaUhp), njira zopangitsira zopangitsira zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zapamwamba komanso zabwinobwino oxidation, komanso apamwambamphamvu yayikulu. Kugwiritsa ntchito kochepa kumamasulira mwachindunji mpaka ndalama zogulira ma elekitor zogula pamakoni a chitsulo chopangidwa.

Kusweka ndimfundo ina yofunika. Kuwonongeka kwa ma electrode, nthawi zambiri kumachitika molumikizana kapena chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mafuta / kupsinjika kwamafuta, kumatha kuyambitsa kuchepa kwa ntchito. Achimuneziyenera kuyimitsidwa, gawo losweka lidachotsedwa (nthawi zina ntchito yovuta ngati igwera muchitsulo chokhazikika), ndi watsopanographite electrodeNyanja yotchedwa ndikuyika. Dothi ili limachepetsa zokolola ndikuwonjezera mtengo.Mapangidwe apamwambaElectrodes yokhala ndi mphamvu zazikulu ndi zamagetsi zolimba zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha kusokonezedwa kwachuma chotere. Kuphatikiza apo, zogwirizanaZochita zamagetsi (Kusamala Kwambiri) Maupangiri Ogwira Ntchito Mwamphamvu, Kutsogolera Kusungunuka Nthawi Yosungunuka (Nthawi Zopaka Papamwamba) ndi Kuchepetsa mphamvu Yapamwamba (KWH pa TO TONK). Khalidwe losagwirizana limatha kubweretsa ma arcs osakhazikika komanso kusungunuka. Kwa ogula ngati Mark Thompson, omwe akukumana ndi kuchedwa kapena kusachita zachiwerewere kumawonjezera chiopsezo china; Kuonetsetsa kuti otsatsa ndi oyendetsa kukwaniritsa kuti musatsetse ziyeso zopangira mijala mijala yomwe amapereka.

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Phunziro la Kugula Monga Maliko An Marko Thompson, Kuyambitsaelekishi electrodesMoyenera pamafunika kuganizira zambiri zopitilira mtengo woyambirira. Kuonetsetsa kuti ndi odalirikamapangidwe apamwambaElectrodes ndiofunika kuti azisamalira bwino komanso ndalama zoyendetseraStee. Nawa mfundo zazikuluzikulu zoti ayang'ane:

1. Mbiri Yoyang'anira ndi Akatswiri:Kucheza ndi kukhazikitsidwawopanga elephite electrodendi mbiri yotsimikizika ndi luso lakuya. Monga mwini fakitale (Allen) wokhala ndi mizere 7 yopanga kunja (USA, Europe, Australia), timamvetsetsa zofunikira zaukadaulo ndi ziyembekezo zabwino. Yang'anani kuwonekera ndi ukadaulo.
2. Kutsimikizika kwabwino ndi kutsimikizika:Limbikirani masipoti okwanira komanso kutsimikizika koyenera (E.g., ISO 9001). Tsimikizani zochitika zakuthupi (zopangirangatisinganokapenapetuloleum coke, kuda nkhawa, mphamvu, kachulukiro). Samalani ndi zachinyengo; Ganizirani zojambula zitatu ngati ndizofunikira. Zogulitsa zathu, mongamabodi okwera kwambiri, amatsatira miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi.
3. Kusankha kwa kalasi (HP vs. UHP):Gwirani ntchito ndi wogulitsa kuti adziwe kalasi yoyenera (HP graphite electrodekapenaUhp) kutengera mwachindunjichimuneLembani (Woipa wa, ng'anjo yakayika, ng'anjo ya kukhazikika), kuchuluka kwa mphamvu, komanso zopanga zopanga. Kugwiritsa ntchito kalasi yolondola magwiridwe antchito ndi mtengo.
4. Thandizo laukadaulo ndi kulumikizana:Kuyankhulana bwino ndikofunikira. Sankhani wotsatsa wokhala ndi malonda obwereza komanso magulu aukadaulo omwe angayankhe mafunso, amapereka chithandizo, komanso ma adilesi athere mwachangu. Izi zimathandiza kuthana ndi ululu wamba umakhala ngati kulumikizana.
5. Mapulogalamu ndi Kutumiza:Kupereka kodalirika komanso panthawi yake ndikofunikira kuti tipewe miyimale. Kambiranani mawu otumizira, nthawi zotsogola, ndi zomwe zikufunika. Onetsetsani kuti wothandizirayo akumana ndi kutumiza kudera lanu (E.g.
6. Kusasinthika:Onetsetsani kuti wothandizirayo amatha kupereka batch yabwino pambuyo pa mtanda. Kusintha kwa ma electrode electrode kumatha kubweretsa zosayembekezerekachimunemagwiridwe antchito ndi kuchuluka.
7. Mtengo wonse wa umwini:Yang'anani kupitirira mtengo wogula pagraphite electrode. Cifukwa ca controsion, mphamvu zolimbitsa thupi, chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka (mtengo wam'mimba), ndi kudalirika kwa mitengo kuti mudziwe momwe zingakhalire zothandiza.Mapangidwe apamwambaElectrodes nthawi zambiri imapereka phindu labwino pakapita nthawi.
8. MALANGIZO OTHANDIZA:Kambiranani ndikugwirizana pa njira zomveka bwino komanso zotetezera zoyenererana ndi zochitika zapadziko lonse lapansi.

Mwa kuyang'ana pazinthu izi, ogula amatha kukhazikitsa ubale wolimba ndi ogulitsa odalirika, amasula zoopsa, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti awoNKHANI ZA ARCimagwira ntchito mokwanira ndi pamwambaelekishi electrodes.

Chidule: Njira Yofunika Kwambiri Pazithunzi Zazithunzi za Graphite

• Ntchito yogwirizana: Elekishi electrodesKhazikitsani monga kuchititsa, kupulumutsazamakonomuNg'ote ya Arc (Woipa wa) kapenang'anjo yakayika.
• Makina osungunula:Iwopangani arcpakati pa gawo la electrode ndichitsulo cha scrap, kunjenjemeraKutentha Kupangidwa(> 3000 ° C) kutiamasungunuka chitsulo.
• Chifukwa chiyani graphite?Graphite amasankhidwa kuti azigwirizana ndikutentha kwambirikukana, chabwinoZochita zamagetsi, kukwera kwamphamvu, kudandaula kwa mafuta, ndi makina.
• Njira Yopita:AWoipa waamagwiritsa ntchitoelekishi electrodeskuSungunulani scrap chitsulo, kupereka njira yosinthika komanso yokhazikikakusangalatsa.
• Maphunziro a Electrode: Elekishi electrodesbwerani mumakalasi ngati hp (mphamvu yayikulu) NdipoUhp (Mphamvu yayikulu), kuphatikizazopangira (wodziwa cokemtundu), katundu, komanso woyenerachimunemilingo yamagetsi ndikachulukidwe kalikonse.
• Kukhazikitsa:Electrodes amalumikizidwa ku mizati ndikuyika mosamala kulowachimune, kufunsa mgwirizano ndi ntchito.
• Zoyenera: Elekisi yapamwamba kwambiriKuyambira odalirika odalirika amatsogolera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kotsika, kuchepetsedwa kuwonongeka kotheratu, mphamvu zabwino kwambiri, komanso ndalama zonse zogwirira ntchitochimune.
• Kugula:Ogula ayenera kungoyang'ana mbiri ya Othandizira, Chitsimikizo Chachikulu (Zowonjezera, Zosiyanasiyana), kudalirika), kulumikizana, komanso mtengo wokwaniraelekishi electrodes.

Kumvetsetsa momweZithunzi za graphite electrodesndizofunikira kuyamikira kuchita bwino komanso kufunikira kwamakonomagetsi am'madzi a arc.